PTH 121 Muscle Performance
Muscle Fatigue (1)
Acute physiological response to exercise that is normal and reversible
Muscle Endurance
Also known as local endurance
Cardiopulmonary Endurance
Also known as total body endurance; repetitive, dynamic motor activities like cycling, walking, swimming
Reversibility Principle
Detraining begins a week or two after cessation of resistance exercises
Muscle (local) Fatigue
Diminished response of muscle to a repeated stimulus
Clinical Signs of Muscle Fatigue
Pain, cramping, shaking or trembling, slowed velocity, use of substitute motions
Intensity
Refers to how much external resistance is imposed on a muscle
Volume
Refers to repetitions, sets or frequency of exercise
Key Elements of Muscle Performance
Strength, Endurance, Power
Endurance Training (endurance exercise)
Systematic practice of using muscle force to raise, lower or control a light external load for many repetitions over an extended period of time
Strength Training (strengthening exercise)
Systematic practice of using muscle force to raise, lower or control heavy loads for relatively low reps or over a short time period
Cardiopulmonary (general) Fatigue
Systemic diminished response; related to the body's ability to use oxygen efficiently
Muscle Endurance (1)
The ability of a muscle to contract repeatedly against an external load, generate and sustain tension, and resist fatigue over extended period of time
Functional Strength
The ability of the neuromuscular system to produce the appropriate amount of force during activities in a smooth and coordinated manner
Muscle Performance
The capacity of a muscle to do work (force x distance)
Muscle Strength Broad term
The extent that contractile elements of muscle produce force
Muscle Strength (1)
The greatest measurable force exerted during a single maximal effort
SAID Principle
(specific adaptation to imposed demand) To improve a specific muscle performance element, the resistance program must match the element
Endurance
Ability to perform repetitive or sustained activities over a prolonged period of time
3 Energy Systems of the body
Aerobic, Anaerobic/Glycolytic/lactic acid, and ATP-PC
Resistance Exercise
An activity in which dynamic or static muscle contraction is resisted by an outside force applied manually or mechanically
Muscle Fatigue (2)
Characterized by a gradual decline in the force-producing capacity of the neuromuscular system
Muscle Power
Defined as work (force x distance) produced per unit of time
Overload (1)
Exercise must be done in the context of the underlying pathology, pt. age, stage of tissue healing, pt. response and overall abilities
Overload Principle
If muscle performance is to improve, a resistance load that exceeds the metabolic capacity of the muscle must be applied