Public Speaking Exam Review

According to your textbook, the guidelines for ethical listening in a public speaking situation include

1. Be courteous and attentive 2.Avoid Prejudging the speaker 3. Keep an open mind

In which of the following situations will the personal appearance of the speaker have an impact on the audience?

A politician presenting a campaign speech, business executive giving a financial report, a professor giving a lecture

Incremental

According to your textbook, ____________ plagiarism occurs when the speech as a whole is ethical but the speaker fails to give credit for particular quotations and paraphrases.

Ethnocentrism

According to your textbook, the belief that one's own group or culture is superior to all other groups or cultures is termed

Frame of Reference

According to your textbook, the knowledge, experience, goals, values, and attitudes through which each listener filters a message is called the listener's

Picture yourself performing the speech at your best

According to your textbook, when you employ the power of visualization as a method of controlling stage fright, you should

What kind of reasoning is used in the following statement? Local control of the school system is the most effective way to educate our children. Therefore, local control of the health care system is the most effective way to maintain the health of our citizens.

Analogical Reasoning

"Ask not what your country can do for you; ask what you can do for your country" is an example of

Antithesis

Fletcher is listening for pleasure as a friend discusses her trip to Australia. According to your textbook, Fletcher is engaged in ____________ listening.

Appreciative Listening

Jerome wants his audience to appreciate the harsh reality of life for migrant workers in the United States. In addition to using strong supporting materials, he decides to use words with connotative meanings because he knows they will help him

Arouse an emotional response

You are researching a speech and need to find a quotation about marriage. Which of the following would be the best reference source to consult?

Barlett's Familiar Quotations

All of the following are presented in your textbook as guidelines for a speech of introduction except

Bring the speech to life by using a hypothetical example

"The laser is a highly versatile instrument with important uses in medicine, industry, and art" is an example of a

Central idea

Ivory will be giving a presentation for her company to a group of prospective customers at an international trade show, and she is deciding what to wear. According to your textbook, which of the following statements about the role of personal appearance in speechmaking should she keep in mind when making her decision?

Speakers personal appearance should be in keeping with the occasion of the speech

Which of the following is an example of a speech of presentation?

Special occasion

"To inform my audience about the history and rules of water polo" is an example of a

Specific Purpose

If you attended the Academy Awards and heard the following speeches, which one would be an example of a commemorative speech?

Speech honoring Audrey Hepburn for her lifetime achievements

The ____________ is that portion of the whole audience that the speaker most wants to persuade.

Target

"To inform my audience about the history of Halloween observances" is a specific purpose statement for an informative speech about a(n)

Event

The three kinds of plagiarism discussed in your textbook are

Global, Patchwork, and Incremental

According to your textbook, the main reason to keep a speaking outline brief is to

Help the speaker maintain eye contact with the audience

Miriam is the only member of her small group with professional experience on their subject, so her group naturally looks to her to guide the project. What kind of leader is Miriam?

Implied Leader

The credibility of a speaker before he or she starts to speak is called ____________ credibility.

Initial

How does the following excerpt from a classroom speech violate the guidelines for supporting materials presented in your textbook? According to a CNN/USA Today poll taken last month, 57.63 percent of those surveyed support legislation to ban the cloning of human beings.

It doesn't round off stats

Margaret is passionately committed to animal rights. At an evening lecture required for her biology class, she learned that the title of the speaker's talk was "The Importance of Animal Experimentation to Medical Advances." Offended and sure that the speaker had nothing ethical or interesting to say, Margaret paid no attention at all during the lecture. According to your textbook, the primary cause of Margaret's poor listening was

Jumping to conclusions

Your textbook recommends ____________ as the most effective method of note taking for listening to a speech.

Key-Word Outline

According to your textbook, which of the following should be included in a speaking outline?

Keywords or keyphrases to jog the speaker's memory, cues for delivering the speech, stats and quotes that might be easily forgotten

According to your textbook, the best way to create a sense of anticipation and drama in a speech of introduction is to

Save the name of the speaker for last

According to your textbook, brainstorming is especially helpful when you are having trouble

Selecting a Topic

In her speech about classical ballet, Kyndra mentioned, but did not explain, the terms entrechat and arabesque. Since most of her listeners were unfamiliar with ballet, what error did Kyndra make in her use of language?

She did not use language appropriate to the audience

"Asking the current administration to police its corruption is like putting Dracula in charge of the blood bank" is an example of

Simile

According to your textbook, which of the following should be included in a preparation outline?

Transition and a bibliography

Arranged in random order below are a main point, two subpoints, and two sub-subpoints from a speech preparation outline. Which is the main point?

Two types of skin cancer are melanoma and basal cell carcinoma

Changes in a speaker's rate, pitch, volume, and pauses are referred to as

Vocal Variety

Thinking positive and Visualization

Which of the following does your textbook recommend as a way to deal with nervousness in your speeches?

"To persuade my audience that continuing to spend money on the space program is like throwing good money after bad" is a poorly phrased specific purpose statement for a speech because it is

expressed in figurative language

According to your textbook, the best time to work out the exact wording of a speech introduction is

After you prepare the body of the speech

The major reason Monroe's motivated sequence is such an effective way of organizing persuasive speeches that seek action from listeners is because it

Follows the process of human thinking

A public speaker who frequently says "uh," "er," or "um" is failing to make effective use of

Pauses

When the general purpose of your speech is to ____________, you act primarily as an advocate.

Persuade

A ____________ graph is best suited for illustrating simple distribution patterns.

Pie

In which situation would a speaker be most likely to read from a manuscript?

A speech on international policy at the UN

As explained in your textbook, each of the following is a responsibility of every member in a small group except

Avoid disagreements at all cost

Post hoc, ergo proper hoc, meaning "after this, therefore because of this," is a fallacy associated with ____________ reasoning.

Casual

The ____________ is the key to finding information in the library.

Catalogue

If your specific purpose were "To inform my audience of the major steps in an effective job interview," you would probably organize your speech in ____________ order.

Chronological

Which organizational pattern would probably be most effective for arranging the main points of a speech with the specific purpose "To inform my audience how to start an online business"?

Chronological

According to your textbook, which of the following is a responsibility of every member in a problem-solving small group?

Commit yourself to achieving the goals of the group. 2. Work to keep the group's discussion on track

If a real-estate developer were speaking to a group of citizens opposed to the creation of a shopping center in their neighborhood, the most important objective of her or his introduction would probably be to

Create goodwill with the audience

When taking research notes, you should

Distinguish among quotations, paraphrases, and your own ideas

To say that people usually want to hear about things that are meaningful to them is to say that people are

Egocentric

"To inform my audience about the removal of the Cherokee Indians from their native lands" is an example of a specific purpose statement for a speech about a(n)

Event

When Julia Wang quoted former U.S. Social Security Commissioner Dorcas Hardy in her speech on reforming the Social Security system, she was using what your textbook calls ____________ testimony.

Expert

What does your textbook advise regarding the use of gestures in a speech?

Gestures should appear natural and spontaneous

When preparing a speaking outline, you should

Give yourself cues for delivering the speech

When making a multimedia presentation, you should

Give yourself extra time to prepare, check equipment, be prepared to give speech

According to your textbook, the major traits of a good acceptance speech are brevity, humility, and

Graciousness

Dimitri plans to give a speech to his classmates about the principles of physics behind the design of hybrid automobiles. The most important factor for Dimitri to consider when analyzing his audience is probably its

Knowledge about the topic

For his informative speech, Douglas told his classmates how to get free food at a drive-through restaurant. Rather than focusing on legitimate deals, such as student discounts or coupons, Douglas talked about ways to trick employees into believing you had already paid for food when you had not. His instructor gave the speech a poor grade because it violated the ethical criteria for public speaking presented in your textbook. The major guideline Douglas violated was:

Make sure your goals are ethically sound

As your textbook explains, emotional appeal is

Often necessary when a speaker is trying to move an audience to action

If you were constructing an audience-analysis questionnaire and wanted to learn why some of your listeners had not signed organ donor cards, which of the following would be the best kind of question to ask?

Open-ended question

Using evidence is especially critical in a persuasive speech when your target audience

Opposes your point of view

"Unfortunately, many Americans live on the outskirts of hope—some because of their poverty, some because of their color, and all too many because of both" is an example of

Parallelism

As chair of the student advisory committee, Brad began the meeting by distributing the agenda and minutes from the last meeting. According to your textbook, what kind of leadership need did Brad's action fulfill?

Procedural need

What kind of reasoning is used in the following statement? In recent years there have been a number of highly publicized cases of sexual harassment in business, government, and education. Thus we can conclude that sexual harassment continues to be a problem for women in the workplace.

Reasoning from specific instances

Which of the following elements usually has the greatest impact on the length a speech should be?

The occasion for the speech

Don't expect perfection

Which of the following strategies is least likely to help you deal with nervousness in your speeches?

Audience Analysis

______________ lets you know how your message is being received.

Be courteous and attentive during the speech

According to your textbook, the ethical obligations of listeners include

According to your textbook, if the following statement occurred in the body of a speech, it would be an example of which kind of connective? As we have seen so far, ignorance about the disease and how it spreads, cultural norms that make it nearly impossible for women to protect themselves, and rampant poverty all contribute to the rapid growth of AIDS among women in Africa.

Introduction

1. Organizing your thoughts logically 2. Tailoring your message to audience 3. Telling a story for maximum impact 4. Adapting to listener feedback

Many of the skills used in public speaking are the same as those used in everyday conversation. These skills include

"To inform my audience about the major parts of a 35-millimeter camera" is a specific purpose statement for an informative speech about a(n)

Object

According to your textbook, what are the three kinds of leadership needs faced by all problem-solving small groups?

Tasks, procedural, maintenance

If you wanted to summarize the steps of a process in a speech, the best kind of visual aid to use would probably be a

Chart

Devon Williams, president of the Minority Student Organization, is listening to the Dean of Students present her plan for a new multicultural center so he can decide whether or not to support the plan. According to your textbook, Devon is engaged in ____________ listening.

Critical Listening

Which of the following is recommended by your textbook as a way to improve your listening?

1. Take listening seriously 2. Be an active Listener 3. Resist Distractions 4. Don't be Diverted by Appearance or Delivery 5. Suspend Judgement 6. Focus your Listening 7. Develop Note-Taking Skills

According to your textbook, when quoting an Internet document during a speech, a speaker should identify the

Author or sponsoring organization responsible for the document

One of the ways speakers analyze audiences is by looking at traits such as age, gender, sexual orientation, religion, group membership, and racial, ethnic and cultural background. According to your textbook, what is this called?

Demographic audience analysis

If Leonardo DiCaprio were to deliver a speech about the future of medical care in the United States, his main task in the introduction of his speech would probably be to

Establish credibility

Wei gave his informative speech on meteorology. As part of the speech, he displayed an excellent three-color drawing to indicate the different temperatures in various layers of the atmosphere. When he got to the visual aid, he said, "As you can see, each layer has a different temperature," covered up the drawing, and quickly moved on. What should Wei have done to present his visual aid more effectively?

Explained the visual aid more fully

What error in reasoning is exemplified by the following statement? I always wear my blue sweater when I take an exam, but I couldn't find it yesterday. If I had worn it yesterday, I would not have flunked my accounting exam.

False cause

Good speech delivery ________

Has a controversial quality, does not call attention to itself

In her speech introduction, Kailyn asked, "Have you ever looked through old family photo albums and laughed at what people were wearing? Have you ever been amused by the bright colors, huge lapels, and crazy ties worn by characters in old TV shows? Like many of you I've noticed the changes in fashion and feared that my effort to look stylish today may eventually be a source of amusement to my future children." According to your textbook, by seeking to create a bond with her audience through emphasizing their common experiences and fears, Kailyn was engaging in

Indentification

According to your textbook, if the following statement occurred in the body of a speech, it would be an example of what kind of connective? In discussing the problem of childhood asthma, we shall look at the symptoms of the disease, its causes, and current treatments.

Internal Preview

Which of the following is recommended by your textbook as a guideline for a speech of introduction?

Make sure your remarks about the main speaker are completely accurate

In her speech about child abuse, Kim included the following statement: The effects of child abuse last long after the child has grown to adulthood. As one victim of child abuse stated in a local newspaper article just last week, "I know it sounds crazy, but sometimes I still wake up in fear in the middle of the night. Even worse, I find myself raging at my own children and treating them like my parents treated me." According to your textbook, what kind of supporting material did Kim use?

Peer testimony

Li's persuasive speech contained the following statement: To solve the problem of decreasing personal privacy due to electronic data-gathering by businesses, I propose more stringent privacy laws. These laws should impose strict controls on the collection of personal information by businesses. These laws should also include stiff penalties for anyone who uses personal information for unauthorized purposes. Which of the three basic issues of persuasive speeches on questions of policy did Li address in this excerpt?

Plan

"To persuade my audience that there should be tougher enforcement of laws to protect the victims of domestic abuse" is a specific purpose statement for a persuasive speech on a question of

Policy

Which of the following is recommended by your textbook as a way to enhance the effectiveness of your examples?

Practice delivery to enhance your extended examples, make your examples vivid and richly textured

Which of the following is recommended in your textbook as a way to reinforce the central idea in a speech conclusion?

Refer back to the introduction

Marta circulated a questionnaire to gauge her classmates' attitudes toward adopting a city-wide ban on smoking in all public buildings. She discovered that 5 audience members already agreed there should be a ban, 6 were firmly opposed, and 10 were undecided. From these results, Marta decided that the 10 undecided class members were the ____________ for her speech.

Target Audience

When using statistics in a speech, you should usually Which organizational pattern is reflected in a speech with the following the main points? I. Soda lime glass is used in almost all ordinary glass products. II. Lead crystal glass is used mostly for luxury glass products. III. Heat resistant glass is used for cooking and scientific products.

Topical

According to your textbook, if the following statement occurred in the body of a speech, it would be an example of what kind of connective? Now that we have learned about the history of Mormonism, let's consider its major beliefs.

Transition

When giving an informative speech to a general audience, you should take special care to

Translate technical information into everyday language

According to your textbook, when citing an Internet document in a speech bibliography, you should include the

URL of the document, date on which you accessed the document, organization responsible for the document if the author's name is not known

Which of the following is discussed in your textbook as a way to use language clearly?

Use familiar words, choose concrete words, eliminate clutter

According to your textbook, when selecting fonts for a visual aid you should usually use

fonts that are clear and easy to read, avoid using all caps, don't use more than two fonts on a single slide

Referring back to your introduction in the conclusion of your speech is recommended as a way to

give the speech psychological unity