Public Speaking Final Exam

Belief

A(n) _____ is what we know or what we think we know about a subject

Being irresponsible

According to your text, if you haven't done enough research to make you sufficiently informed about your topic, you are guilty of _____.

Cognitive dissonance

As a committed environmentalist as well as an avid meat-eater, Barry is uncomfortable whenTameka's persuasive speech points out the environmental destruction caused by the meat industry. What is Barry experiencing?

Cognitive restructuring

Replacing the thought, "Everyone will laugh at my speech because I sound so dumb" with "I've done my research and I know what I'm talking about" is an example of _____.

Body

The plot is to a narrative as the _____ is to a speech.

Personal concerns

Thinking about the date you have after class rather than listening to your instructor represents what common cause of inattention?

Lay

To demonstrate the actual experiences of homeless people in her city, Latosha cites the words of homeless people she knows through her work as a volunteer for her church. This best illustrates the use of _____ testimony.

Clarity

Using words precisely and simply is an example of which of the six Cs of oral language?

Identify general topic areas

What does the speaker do in the discovery phase of selecting a topic?

non sequitur

What fallacy has been employed when speakers make persuasive claims that simply do not follow their reasoning and evidence?

interference

When listening to a speech, Jamal is distracted by the sound of students yelling in the hallway. Which of the following barriers to effective communication does this example refer to?

Directly into the camera

When making a mediated presentation, where should the speaker look?

Ethos

When members of the audience feel unsure about a speaker's character, they are questioning the_____ of the speaker.

Establish a need

When using the motivated sequence design, once a speaker has gained the attention of the audience, the next step is to _____.

Logos

Which form of proof uses reasoning and evidence to create logical support for a persuasive message?

How do you feel about the subject of immigration reform?

Which of the following provides an example of an open-ended question?

Transition

an internal summary is a type of

the response desired from the auidence

what does the specific purpose of a speech represent?

Key-word

A _____ outline would be best for use while presenting a speech.

Eulogy

A ceremonial tribute to someone who has just died is called a(n) _____.

Discovering a topic

A speaker would engage in brainstorming during which part of the process of finding and developing speech topics?

Structure

As she listened to a presentation, Maria was impressed by the way the speaker clearly distinguished each main point with carefully thought out transitions. Which aspect of the speech was Maria considering?

Pie graph

Lisa needs a visual aid to illustrate how her university allocates its budget. What would be her most likely choice?

Bias

Objective information is considered free from _____.

Impromptu

What type of speaking is considered "spur of the moment"?

relevance

After she read the magazine article on social services, Hanna realized it was referring to websites for women looking to find a date rather than state agencies that supplied aid to struggling families. Which of the four Rs of evaluating sources is Hanna using?

As simple declarative sentences

How should each main point and subpoint in a formal outline be worded?

Model

Nora showed the group of six students how to create a French braid by demonstrating the technique using a doll. What type of presentation aid is Nora using?

Body

Which part of the speech should the speaker prepare first?

Perfectionism

Aliya has prepared an excellent speech and practiced it thoroughly, but is still nervous because she has convinced herself that even minor mishaps will make her entire presentation a failure. Which internal factor of communication apprehension does this demonstrate?

Staw figure

Andrea misstated her opponents' views in a manner that made them seem trivial or easier to refute. Andrea engaged in the _____ fallacy.

Critical

As the speaker discussed the necessity of using only high-tech fitness machines, Bailey realized that he was probably only saying this because he was a sales rep for the company that sold the machines. Bailey is practicing the art of _____ listening as she evaluates the message she hears.

Map

Cameron wants to show his audience where battles in the Revolutionary War took place in the eastern states. What's the best type of presentation aid for him to use?

interactive process

Developing a communication orientation refers to approaching public speaking by thinking of it as a(n) _____.

30 seconds

For a brief speech, it is recommended that speakers limit video clips to _____ or less to avoid upstaging their messages.

Open-ended

For more in-depth knowledge of how an interviewee really thinks or feels about a topic, you should plan to ask _____ questions during an interview.

Physical noise

Getting up and closing a window or door because you are having trouble hearing would be the best way to handle what barrier to listening?

Extemporaneous

Hillary practices her speech thoroughly so that she can speak from key-word notes while making eye contact and interacting with the audience. What method of presentation is Hillary preparing to use?

Values and goals

Identification occurs when speakers create a sense of shared _____ with listeners.

Testimony

In his presentation, Jalen cited the words of his grandmother reflecting on the experience of voting for the first time. What type of supporting material does this represent?

body

In which part of a speech would you find the main ideas and supporting materials?

Recycling

Jenae realized that the same speech she had written for her history class would work for the chronological speech she needed to prepare for her communication class. What form of plagiarism does this represent?

Denotative

Jenna didn't know the meaning of the word "liberal," so she decided to look it up in the dictionary. This will provide her with the _____ meaning of the word.

Visualization

Just before speaking, Trisha focuses on presenting her speech successfully, from walking confidently to the lectern to graciously accepting the applause when she is finished. This illustrates what approach to managing communication anxiety?

Sequential

Keisha's presentation explains the steps to take when making a roux for a creamy soup. What typeof design should she use for this speech?

Manipulation

Nancy knew that her listeners were relatively uninformed on the subject of campaign finance reform, so she knowingly relied on questionable evidence to support her persuasive message. This is an example of _____.

Self sabotage

Noah has prepared and practiced an excellent presentation, but he's so convinced that he will dopoorly that he feels increasingly nervous before his presentation. This exemplifies what common cause of communication anxiety?

Novelty

Rather than just tell her audience how much recyclable waste is thrown out by the average American on a monthly basis, Lisa rolled in a large garbage bin packed with aluminum cans and plastic bottles to illustrate the estimated amount. What strategy did Lisa use for attracting and sustaining audience attention?

Channel

Shantia didn't know whether she should talk to her professor face-to-face or send him an e-mail. What aspect of speaking is Shantia concerned with?

Evidence

Supporting materials used in informative speeches become _____ when used in persuasive speeches.

Spatial

Taking someone on a tour of New York City would likely call for which speech design?

Demographic

The age and gender of an audience are examples of _____ information.

Formal

The final polished plan for a speech is found in a _____ outline.

Double focus

The specific purpose statement "to inform my listeners about heart disease and the latest drugs for treating high blood pressure" would fall into which trap of poor topic selection?

Connotative

The strong negative associations that many people have with the term "drugs" best reflects its _____meaning.

The facts

What form of information should be your first objective when researching topics for speeches?

Critical

What form of listening is particularly important to protect us from the designs of dishonest speakers?

Pitch

What is the placement of the voice ranging from "high" to "low" on a musical scale?

Simile

What is the statement "She stuck to him like glue" an example of?

Either-or

What kind of fallacy is best reflected by the statement, "We can have economic growth orenvironmental protection, but we cannot have both"?

Statistics

What kind of supporting material refers to facts that are measured mathematically?

Transitions

What planned strategies do speakers use to let their audiences know they are through with one point or part of their speech, and moving onto the next?

Red herring

What type of fallacy occurs when politicians respond to difficult questions by changing the subject?

Demonstration

What type of informative speech would you give by showing your audience how to make coffee with an at-home brewing kit?

Ceremonial

What type of speaking focuses on celebrating the meaning of special occasions?

Renewal of group commitment

When Abraham Lincoln exhorted us to be worthy of "our fathers" by establishing a "government of the people, by the people, and for the people," he used what strategy for promoting identification in ceremonial speeches?

An opinion

When Jessica said, "Michael Jordan was the greatest basketball player of all time," she was providing_____.

Reliability

When considering the four Rs of evaluating supporting material, _____ refers to the overall credibility of supporting materials.

Concrete

When they are effectively presented, presentation aids are often more memorable than the words of a speech because they are more _____.

Arches National Park

Which of the following references to a vacation spot is the most concrete? a national park an area in Utah a park Arches National Park

Expert

Which sources of testimony are qualified by training and experience?

Summarize the speaker's central idea

While a specific purpose should express what the speaker wants to accomplish, the thesis statement should _____.

Citing your sources orally

While speaking, you can best enhance the credibility of your information by _____.

you will most likely digress into reading

Why should you avoid speaking from a formal outline?

entries are user contributed and not always peer reviewed

You are generally not encouraged to use Wikipedia without checking with your instructor because _____.

Body

You should first develop the _____ of the speech.

Motives

_____ are the psychological needs, desires, and impulses that move audiences to action.

Identification

_____ occurs when audience members experience a shared sense of purpose with a speaker.

Attitudes

_____ refer to strongly held thoughts and feelings that predispose us to respond positively or negatively to a given topic or message.