Public Speaking Study

When giving a speech of introduction, you should be sure to praise the speaking skills of the main speaker. True False

False

When giving a speech of introduction, you should mention any embarrassing facts you know about the main speaker in order to lighten the mood and amuse the audience. True False

False

When giving a speech of introduction, you should state the name of the main speaker as soon as possible to avoid confusion among members of the audience. True False

False

When you present an online speech, it's important to talk directly to the computer screen because that's where the camera is located. True False

False

You should usually avoid drawing on your personal knowledge or experience when choosing a speech topic. True False

False

When used in an audience-analysis questionnaire, _______________ questions are valuable because they produce clear, unambiguous answers.

Fixed-alternative

Which of the following is one of the four major causes of poor listening discussed in your textbook? focusing on a speaker's appearance or delivery taking key-word notes during a speech suspending judgment about a speaker's ideas concentrating on a speaker's evidence and reasoning listening empathically rather than critically

Focusing on a speaker's appearance or delivery

As defined by your textbook, a recorded online speech is delivered, recorded, and then uploaded to the Internet. True False

True

As defined by your textbook, the visual environment of an online speech consists of the onscreen elements seen by the audience. True False

True

As your textbook explains, informative speakers should be creative in looking for ways to communicate their ideas clearly and interestingly. True False

True

Audience size, the physical setting for the speech, and the audience's disposition toward the topic, the speaker, and the occasion are all elements of situational audience analysis. True False

True

Brainstorming is especially useful when a problem-solving small group is trying to generate potential solutions. True False

True

Building suspense about the topic in your introduction is a good way to pull your listeners into a speech. True False

True

Delivery cues on a speaking outline remind a speaker how to say something, rather than what to say. True False

True

For your first speech, your textbook recommends trying to end on a clever or thought-provoking note. True False

True

If you are asked a hostile question during a question-and-answer session, you should avoid sounding hostile in your response. True False

True

In a preparation outline, the specific purpose is usually stated before the introduction. True False

True

In the speaking outline, main points are indicated by Roman numerals. True False

True

It's just as important to dress professionally when presenting a speech online as it is when presenting a speech in person. True False

True

Listening to provide emotional support for someone is called empathic listening. True or False

True

One advantage of using presentation technology is that it enables you to integrate different kinds of visual aids in the same speech. True False

True

One major purpose of a speech of introduction is to establish a welcoming climate that will boost the credibility of the main speaker. True False

True

One of the major barriers to effective communication is that the brain can process words much faster than a speaker can talk. True or False

True

One of the major obstacles to listening effectively is that the brain can process many more words than can be spoken in a minute. True or False

True

One way to think of a word's denotative meaning is as its dictionary definition. True False

True

Practicing with your presentation software is an essential part of preparing for an online speech. True False

True

Referring back to the introduction in your conclusion is a good way to give the speech psychological unity. True False

True

Taking notes on a speaker's key points and supporting material will help improve your listening ability and retention. True or False

True

The best way to gain the audience's attention and interest in a speech introduction usually depends on the topic, the audience, and the occasion. True False

True

The either-or fallacy forces listeners to choose between two alternatives when more than two alternatives exist. True False

True

The fallacy of appeal to tradition assumes that something old is automatically better than something new. True False

True

According to your textbook, __________ words refer to ideas or concepts rather than to tangible objects. vivid concrete denotative abstract technical

abstract

According to your textbook, the three basic kinds of supporting materials are ______________, ______________, and ______________.

examples, statistics, and testimony

What is the mode in the following set of numbers: 300, 400, 400, 600, 800? 300 400 450 500 700

400

If you wanted to demonstrate the comparative spending of the United States and Canada on four different kinds of social services, which type of visual aid would be most effective? a bar graph a drawing a line graph a chart a pie graph

A bar graph

Ivory will be giving a presentation for her company to a group of potential clients visiting from Germany, and she is deciding what to wear. According to your textbook, which of the following statements about the role of personal appearance in speechmaking should she keep in mind when making her decision? A speaker's personal appearance should be in keeping with the occasion of the speech. Research has shown that bright-colored clothing has a more favorable impact on listeners. In most cases, listeners' attitudes are not influenced by the way a speaker is dressed. All of these answers are correct. Both a speaker's personal appearance should be in keeping with the occasion of the speech and research has shown that bright-colored clothing has a more favorable impact on listeners.

A speaker's personal appearance should be in keeping with the occasion of the speech.

At a comedy awards show, Adam Sandler gave a splendid speech explaining why David Letterman was receiving a special award for his achievements in television comedy. According to your textbook, what kind of special occasion speech did Sandler deliver? an after-dinner speech a speech of introduction a speech of presentation a memorial speech a celebratory speech

A speech of presentation

In an informative speech, the speaker acts as a(n)____ advocate. entertainer. teacher. motivator. evaluator.

Advocate

According to your textbook, when you prepare speaking notes for your first speech, you should double-space or triple-space your notes so they are easy to read. write down key terms and phrases rather than complete sentences. write or print on only one side of the index cards or paper. All of these answers are correct. Both double-space or triple-space your notes so they are easy to see and write or print on only one side of the index cards or paper.

All of these answers are correct

Which of the following does your textbook recommend as ways to help narrow a Google search to make it more effective? Develop a strategy to search for specific terms you want to find. Type specific questions into the search box. Explore specialized Google resources such as news, books, and scholar. All of these answers are correct. Both develop a strategy to search for specific terms you want to find and explore specialized Google resources such as news, books, and scholar.

All of these answers are correct

Which of the following does your textbook say you should do when preparing PowerPoint slides? Use images strategically. Use a limited amount of text. Use colors consistently. All of these answers are correct. Both use a limited amount of text and use colors consistently.

All of these answers are correct

The newest or least experienced member of a small group is usually referred to as the implied leader. True False

False

According to your textbook, the following statement is an example of what type of fallacy?The U.S. Constitution is a relic of the past. We should feel free to change it whenever we want, because new ideas will always serve us better than old principles. appeal to tradition false induction slippery syllogism appeal to novelty hasty generalization

Appeal of novelty

A(n) __________ is most appropriate in the conclusion of a persuasive speech. appeal to action lengthy quotation internal summary extended example definition

Appeal to action

A slippery slope fallacy______ assumes that taking a first step will inevitably lead to other steps that cannot be prevented. introduces an irrelevant issue to divert attention from the subject under discussion. assumes that because something is popular, it is therefore good, correct, or desirable. forces listeners to choose between two alternatives when more than two alternatives exist. assumes that because two things are related in time, they are causally linked.

Assumes that taking a first step will inevitably lead to other steps that cannot be prevented

What are the three criteria discussed in your textbook for assessing the soundness of documents found on the Internet? length, accuracy, and graphics interactivity, objectivity, and authorship graphics, sponsorship, and accuracy creativity, reliability, and length authorship, sponsorship, and recency

Authorship, sponsorship, and recency

According to your textbook, the following statement is an example of what type of fallacy?The United States is one of only four countries in the world with a minimum legal drinking age of 21. Clearly, then, we should change our drinking age. slippery slope appeal to sympathy appeal to novelty red herring bandwagon

Bandwagon

Who's Who Among Asian Americans is an example of a(n) encyclopedia. special dictionary. periodical index. biographical aid. yearbook.

Biographical aid

Which of the following is presented in your textbook as a guideline for online speaking? Control the visual environment. Adapt your nonverbal communication. Avoid using visual aids. All the answers are correct. Both control the visual environment and adapt your nonverbal communication.

Both control the visual environment and adapt your nonverbal communication

Which of the following does your textbook recommend for preparing slides? Limit the amount of text to no more than six lines per slide. Use all capital letters so the words will be easy to read. Stick to a limited number of colors and use them consistently. All of these answers are correct. Both limit the amount of text to no more than six lines per slide and stick to a limited number of colors and use them consistently.

Both limit the amount of text to no more than six lines per slide and stick to a limited number of colors and use them consistently.

According to your textbook, when you reason from specific instances in a persuasive speech, you should_____ reinforce your argument with statistics and testimony. include at least one extended example among your specific instances. avoid drawing conclusions from too few instances. All of these answers are correct. Both reinforce your argument with statistics and testimony and avoid drawing conclusions from too few instances.

Both reinforce your argument with statistics and testimony and avoid drawing conclusions from too few instances

Which of the following does your textbook recommend as tips for doing research? Record all your research notes as direct quotations. Think about your materials as you research. Start researching your speech early. All of these answers are correct. Both think about your materials as you research and start researching your speech early.

Both think about your materials as you research and start researching your speech early.

According to your textbook, which of the following should be included in a preparation outline? research notes transitions a bibliography All of these answers are correct. Both transitions and a bibliography.

Both transitions and a bibliography

As a specific purpose statement, "To inform my audience about climate change" is too broad. scientific. speculative. personal. detailed.

Broad

The __________ contains a list of all the resources owned by the library. general index catalogue periodicals guide encyclopedia browser

Catalogue

Here are the main points for a speech about the history of golf.I. The game we know as golf originated in Scotland during the 15th century.II. Most of golf's rules and traditions developed during the 19th century.III. Professional golf tours for men and women emerged during the 20th century.IV. Today golf continues to evolve in response to changes in equipment.According to your textbook, these main points are arranged in __________ order. chronological ascending process descending historical

Chronological

Here are the main points for an informative speech about the process of drying and storing garden herbs.I. The first step is to rinse the herbs.II. The second step is to dry the herbs.III. The third step is to strip the dried leaves.IV. The fourth step is to store the herbs properly.These main points are arranged in __________ order. topical chronological descriptive practical spatial

Chronological

If your specific purpose were "To inform my audience of the major steps in an effective job interview," you would probably organize your speech in __________ order. comparative spatial chronological causal illustrative

Chronological

Jackson had been a rodeo fan since childhood. In his informative speech, he gave a presentation with the following main points. Jackson's points were arranged in __________ order.I. Rodeos began in the Old West as contests of skill among cowboys during cattle roundups.II. By 1920, rodeos had become a popular spectator sport for the general public.III. Today, rodeos combine traditional western events with a circuslike atmosphere and the marketing techniques of big business. topical formal chronological analytical spatial

Chronological

Main points that follow a time pattern are arranged in _______________ order.

Chronological

When preparing a speech introduction, you should usually_________ practice the introduction no more than two or three times. make sure the introduction takes up 25 percent of the speech. complete the introduction after the body of the speech. stick with the first introduction that comes to mind. use humor to gain the audience's attention and interest.

Complete the introduction after the body of the speech

According to your textbook, when you listen to an informative speech in order to understand the speaker's ideas, you are engaged in _______________ listening.

Comprehensive

"To inform my audience about the major principles of Keynesian economic theory" is a specific purpose statement for a speech about a(n)___ object. policy. technique. concept. process.

Concept

"To inform my audience about the major theories explaining the extinction of the dinosaurs" is a specific purpose statement for a speech about a(n)____ concept. object. function. theory. comparison.

Concept

As your textbook explains, virtual libraries are valuable for speech research because they focus attention on factual material such as statistics. contain higher quality information than do regular search engines. allow a researcher to locate more sources than do regular search engines. All of these answers are correct. Both contain higher quality information than do regular search engines and allow a researcher to locate more sources than do regular search engines.

Contain higher quality information than do regular search engines

As your textbook explains, each main point of your first speech should cover a single aspect of the topic. have its own introduction. end with an internal summary. be preceded by a preview statement. begin with a question.

Cover a single aspect of the topic

Your textbook recommends __________ as the most effective method of note taking for listening to a speech. writing down a speaker's most interesting ideas making a full-sentence outline using the Harvard listening system trying to write down everything a speaker says creating a key-word outline

Creating a key-word outline

Tara's campus organization has invited several travel agents to speak to the group about their best deals on trips for spring break. As Tara listens, she is deciding which travel package is the best one for her. During the presentations, she is engaged in which form of listening? critical appreciative comprehensive empathic intimate

Critical

The crescendo conclusion is essentially a matter of the speaker getting louder and louder as the speech comes to an end. True False

False

The most important task when preparing to conduct a research interview is devising questions to ask during the interview. deciding whether or not to record the interview. choosing what to wear during the interview. selecting an appropriate interviewing style. deciding whether to take notes during the interview.

Devising questions to ask during the interview

As your textbook explains, connotative meaning gives words their __________ power. logical definitional emotional rhythmical ethical

Emotional

According to your textbook, visual aids are most effective when they are___ explained clearly and concisely. circulated among the audience. presented early in the speech. All of these answers are correct. Both explained clearly and concisely and presented early in the speech.

Explained clearly and concisely

In a speech about valley fever, a potentially deadly disease that has reached serious proportions in several southwestern states, a speaker said:After being plagued by asthma attacks in Hawaii for six years, Lori Crown hoped to find relief by moving to the dryer climate in Bakersfield, California. A few months after arriving in Bakersfield, Crown was suffering from severe headaches, swollen feet, painful bumps on her hands and legs, and a prolonged fever. The diagnosis—valley fever. To combat the disease, Crown has to take fluconazole, an antifungal drug that costs $685 for a one-month supply of pills. Although the drug helps, Crown still gets painful headaches, frequent fevers, and debilitating fatigue. "It's so frustrating," Crown says. "One day I'll feel fine, then I'll be in bed for the next three." Most days she wishes she had stayed in Hawaii.According to your textbook, what kind of supporting material is used in this statement? scientific example extended example hypothetical example illustrative example expert example

Extended example

"Her sense of humor was a continual bubble of joy" is an example of simile. True False

False

"To inform my audience about depression" is an example of an effective specific purpose statement for a speech True False

False

A public speaker should avoid using transitions and internal summaries together. True False

False

According to your textbook, a skilled therapist listening to a patient is an example of appreciative listening. True or False

False

According to your textbook, public speakers need to be audience-centered. True False

False

According to your textbook, public speakers should avoid informal words such as "you" and "your" when giving an informative speech. True False

False

According to your textbook, the following statement is an example of an internal summary: "So much for the present; what about the future?" True False

False

Adapting to audiences is one of the easiest tasks facing beginning speakers. True False

False

Almost any combination of colors works well on a visual aid. True False

False

Antithesis and alliteration are excellent ways to enhance the imagery of a speech. True False

False

As a speaker, you should usually avoid examples when explaining complex or unfamiliar ideas. True False

False

As your textbook explains, a speaker should almost always use words such as "quote" and "unquote" to let the audience know when the speaker is making a direct quotation. True False

False

As your textbook explains, abstractions are especially useful for clarifying ideas in informative speeches. True False

False

As your textbook explains, research shows that using PowerPoint images for every idea in a speech increases listener comprehension. True False

False

As your textbook explains, when you locate an abstract of a magazine article, you should feel free to cite the article in your speech on the basis of the abstract alone. True False

False

Audience analysis and adaptation affect all aspects of speechmaking except for the delivery of the speech itself. True False

False

Audience analysis is only important after a speaker has prepared an outline for the speech. True False

False

Audiences tend to be more forgiving of poor delivery in online speeches than in speeches they attend in person. True False

False

Extemporaneous delivery means delivering a speech "off the cuff," with no advance preparation. True False

False

Goodwill is the audience's perception of whether a speaker is qualified to speak on a given topic. True False

False

If you were giving a speech on the kinds of positions used in ballet, the most effective visual aid would probably be a drawing. True False

False

The first thing you should do in the introduction of a speech is to reveal the topic. True False

False

A representative from the FBI visited Marshall's criminology class to talk about new communications technology. When Marshall saw that the speaker was a middle-aged woman, he couldn't concentrate on anything she said. He had been expecting the speaker to be young, and he kept thinking to himself, "What could someone her age know about the latest technology?" According to your textbook, what aspect of poor listening was Marshall exhibiting? listening for technique focusing on personal appearance concentrating on details All of these answers are correct. Both listening for technique and focusing on personal appearance

Focusing on personal appearance

According to your textbook, the first thing a speaker needs to do in the introduction of a speech is to identify the topic of the speech. tell the audience his or her name. get the interest and attention of the audience. preview the purpose of the speech. explain the speech assignment.

Get the interest and attention of the audience

According to your textbook, the main reason to keep a speaking outline brief is to____ help the speaker feel more confident and secure. make the speech clearer for the audience. ensure that the outline fits on a single note card. make it easier for the speaker to gesture. help the speaker maintain eye contact with the audience.

Help the speaker maintain eye contact with the audience

When one member of a small group has a personal goal that conflicts with the goals of the group as a whole, he or she is said to have a(n) _______________ agenda.

Hidden

According to your textbook, a(n) __________ is an imaginary story that makes a general point. fable illustration simulated example hypothetical example anecdote

Hypothetical example

According to your textbook, the __________ speaker delivers a speech with little or no immediate preparation. colloquial extemporaneous conversational impromptu declamatory

Impromptu

A(n) _______________ lets the audience know the specific points that are coming up next within the body of the speech.

Internal Preview

Identify the flaw in the following specific purpose statement for a classroom speech: "Should juvenile prisons be eliminated?" It is too political for a classroom speech. It is stated as a question, not as an infinitive phrase. It is too technical for this audience. It contains figurative language. It isn't informative enough.

It is stated as a question, not as an infinitive phrase

__________ is the study of body motions as a form of communication. Kinesics Gesturals Physiography Anatomics Mimetics

Kinesics

The _______________ is the middle figure in a group once the numbers are put in order from highest to lowest.

Median

The number that occurs the most in a group of numbers is the _____________.

Mode

Which of the following words is the most concrete and specific? performer actress movie star entertainer celebrity

Movie star

The similar arrangement of a pair or series of related words is a language device called ______________.

Parallelism

To give the gist of someone's statement in your own words is to paraphrase. hypothesize. corroborate. testify. quote.

Paraphrase

According to your textbook, a commemorative speech_____ uses visual aids to create persuasive images. pays tribute to a person, a group, an institution, or an idea. is essentially the same as an informative speech. All of these answers are correct. Both pays tribute to a person, a group, an institution, or an idea and is essentially the same as an informative speech.

Pays tribute to a person, a group, an institution, or an idea

The _______________ is the group that, in the absence of a clearly identified author, is responsible for the content of a document on the Internet.

Sponsoring organization

Arranged in random order below are a main point, two subpoints, and two sub-subpoints from a speech preparation outline. Which is the main point? One example of this kind of phobia is the child who is bitten by a dog and who remains fearful of dogs thereafter. Most phobias begin in childhood, usually after a frightening experience. Phobias can develop either in childhood or adulthood. Another example is the child who develops a fear of heights after falling off a ladder. Some phobias seem to develop suddenly in adulthood without any apparent cause.

Phobias can develop either in childhood or adulthood

The relative highness or lowness of speech sounds is called ______________.

Pitch

According to your textbook, the following passage from a speech introduction is an example of a(n) _________.Today I would like to share what I have learned about attention deficit disorder by first discussing its effects on people and then looking at the treatments that can be used to help people with this condition. opening statement attention statement preview statement credibility statement transition statement

Preview Statement

The major advantage of using fixed-alternative questions in an audience-analysis questionnaire is that they enhance the credibility of the questionnaire. get below the surface of respondents' beliefs. produce clear, unambiguous answers. give respondents maximum leeway in answering. require that respondents give truthful answers.

Produce clear, unambiguous answers

According to your textbook, saying "pas-ghetti" instead of "spaghetti" is an error in____ articulation. description. intonation. pronunciation. inflection.

Pronunciation

A(n) _______________ online speech is one that has been created specifically for an audience that will view it online as it is being delivered.

Real-time

As defined by your textbook, a _________ online speech is one that has been created specifically for an audience that will view it online as it is being delivered. stand-alone direct synchronized real-time simultaneous

Real-time

According to your textbook, what kind of reasoning is used in the following statement?Providing a quality education is one of the fundamental responsibilities of any nation. Thousands of American students are stuck in poor-performing schools that barely provide minimal skills. Therefore, the United States is failing to fulfill one of its fundamental obligations as a nation. reasoning from cause reasoning from obligation reasoning from specific instances reasoning from emotion reasoning from principle

Reasoning from principle

Your textbook recommends using repetition and parallelism to enhance the __________ of your speeches. rhythm credibility emotional appeal appropriateness imagery

Rhythm

Your textbook recommends that first-time online speakers should_____ dress casually so as to feel more comfortable. check frequently with listeners to make sure they can hear you. save questions and answers for the end of the speech. All of these answers are correct. Both check frequently with listeners to make sure they can hear you and save questions and answers for the end of the speech.

Save questions and answers for the end of the speech

As director of the local Center for the Arts, Irving is introducing the guest speaker at the center's annual fund-raising banquet. According to your textbook, the best way for Irving to create a sense of anticipation and drama in his speech of introduction is to_____ save the name of the guest speaker for last. use PowerPoint to explain the guest speaker's accomplishments. tell the audience that the guest speaker is an excellent orator. All of these answers are correct. Both save the name of the guest speaker for last and tell the audience that the guest speaker is an excellent orator.

Save the name of the guest speaker for last

"Memories are like fingerprints—no two sets are ever the same" is an example of metaphor. simile. antithesis. repetition. personification.

Simile

According to your textbook, you should always combine demographic audience analysis with _____________ audience analysis. scientific educational informational situational occupational

Situational

If you were giving an informative speech describing the different regions of Ireland, you would probably arrange the speech in _______________ order.

Spatial

A _______________ outline should include cues for delivering the speech.

Speaking

"To inform my audience about the symptoms, causes, and treatment of Hodgkin's Disease" is an example of a specific purpose. thesis statement. general purpose. central idea. main point.

Specific Purpose

"To inform my audience how our local water treatment facility ensures the safety of our drinking water" is an example of a mission statement. specific purpose. transition statement. general purpose. central idea.

Specific Purpose

"To persuade my audience that the U.S. space program should be continued because it provides important benefits to society" is an example of a ______________.

Specific Purpose Statement

A speaker introducing the president of a university to an audience of prospective students and their families will best accomplish this goal by___ praising the president as the finest public speaker on campus. presenting a detailed biography of the president's entire life. discussing the history of the university and its excellent athletic teams. summarizing the president's major accomplishments at the university. defending the changes in graduation requirements instituted by the president.

Summarizing the president's major accomplishments at the university

According to your textbook, a public presentation in which several people present prepared speeches on different aspects of the same topic is called a(n)____ panel discussion. oral report. town hall meeting. open forum. symposium.

Symposium

According to your textbook, listeners are persuaded by a speaker for one or more of four major reasons. Which of the following is among those reasons? The audience is impressed by the speaker's use of visual aids. The audience is won over by the speaker's evidence. The audience is captivated by the speaker's gestures. All of these answers are correct. Both the audience is impressed by the speaker's use of visual aids and the audience is won over by the speaker's evidence.

The audience is won over by the speaker's evidence

According to your textbook, which of the following is a factor in situational audience analysis? the audience's cultural background the audience's religious beliefs the audience's group membership the audience's gender the audience's attitude toward the topic

The audience's attitude toward the topic

How do the following main points for a speech about the achievements of Ida Wells-Barnett violate the guidelines presented in your textbook for organizing main points? I. As a teacher, Wells-Barnett spoke out against inferior school facilities for African-American children.II. As a journalist, Wells-Barnett campaigned against lynching.III. In the early 20th century, Wells-Barnett expanded her activities. The main points should have been arranged in causal order. The main points don't each deal with a separate aspect of the topic. The main points don't divide the topic consistently. All of these answers are correct. Both the main points should have been arranged in causal order and the main points don't divide the topic consistently.

The main points don't divide the topic consistently

Here are the main points for an informative speech about the major categories of dog breeds:I. The working dogs do rescue, police, herding, and guide jobs.II. The hound dogs are hunters that specialize in small animals.III. The terrier dogs make good watchdogs.IV. The toy dogs are primarily house pets.These points are organized in __________ order. spatial descriptive chronological illustrative topical

Topical

In her first speech, Kayla introduced her classmate Sean to the class. Each of her main points dealt with one of Sean's hobbies. According to your textbook, Kayla's speech was arranged in __________ order. spatial personal recreational chronological topical

Topical

A sentence or two that lets the audience know that a speaker has finished one thought and is moving on to another is called a bridge. summary. transition. corollary. conclusion.

Transition

According to your textbook, "Now that you know about Julio's interest in photography, let's look at his passion for snowboarding" is an example of a bridge. conclusion. conversion. transition. summary.

Transition

According to your textbook, if the following statement occurred in the body of a speech, it would be an example of what kind of connective?Now that we have learned about the history of Mormonism, let's consider its major beliefs. marker signpost transition bridge link

Transition

"Silence settled over the audience like a block of granite" is an example of a simile. True False

True

"To inform my audience about what happened at the Battle of Gettysburg" is a specific purpose statement for an informative speech about an event. True False

True

A visual aid is only as useful as the explanation that goes with it. True False

True

According to your textbook, emotional appeals are usually inappropriate in persuasive speeches on questions of fact. True False

True

According to your textbook, the three major criteria against which to test documents located on the Internet are authorship, sponsorship, and recency. True False

True

According to your textbook, the two major bibliographic formats are those developed by the Modern Language Association (MLA) and the American Psychological Association (APA). True False

True

Although the differences between women and men have diminished in recent years, the gender of listeners is still a major factor in audience analysis. True False

True

The following is an example of causal reasoning: "Since farmers have started transporting honeybees to pollinate one crop at a time, the honeybee population in the United States has declined significantly. Therefore, single-crop pollination must be a reason for the decreasing number of bees." True False

True

The median is the middle number in a group of numbers arranged in order from highest to lowest. True False

True

The purpose of a commemorative speech is to pay tribute to a person, a group of people, an institution, or an idea. True False

True

The purpose of a speech of introduction is to introduce the main speaker to the audience. True False

True

Transitions state both the idea the speaker is leaving and the one the speaker is coming to. True False

True

Under normal circumstances, you should work out the exact wording of your introduction after you have finished preparing the body of your speech. True False

True

Unless there is a moderator, the speaker is responsible for making sure the question-and-answer session stays on track and finishes within the specified time limits. True False

True

When conducting a question-and-answer session, you should usually restate or paraphrase each question before you answer it. True False

True

When you are going to give an audience material to take home from a speech, you should usually distribute the material after you finish speaking. True False

True

Whether the general purpose of your speech is to inform or to persuade, the specific purpose statement should contain a reference to your audience. True False

True

You should start to establish eye contact with the audience even before you begin to speak. True False

True

According to your textbook, a common mistake students make when developing their first speech is- using PowerPoint improperly. trying to cover too much material. not doing enough library research. All of these answers are correct. Both using PowerPoint improperly and not doing enough library research.

Trying to cover too much material

Both a preparation outline and a speaking outline should____ include delivery cues. briefly sketch the speaker's ideas. use a consistent pattern of symbolization and indentation. be written entirely in full sentences. contain a bibliography.

Use a consistent pattern of symbolization and indentation

As defined in your textbook, the _________ consists of the onscreen elements seen by the audience during an online speech. user interface visual environment graphic representation screen resolution optical framing

Visual environment

The central idea of a speech should be expressed as a question. written as a complete sentence. determined before the specific purpose. All of these answers are correct. Both written as a complete sentence and determined before the specific purpose.

Written as a complete sentence

"Awesome NASCAR racers" is a poorly phrased central idea for an informative speech because it is expressed in figurative language. written as a fragment instead of as a full sentence. too technical. All of these answers are correct. Both expressed in figurative language and written as a fragment instead of as a full sentence.

Written as a fragment instead of as a sentence

A bibliography is often included as part of the _______________ outline.

preparation