pup 301 test 1

restricts against unreasonable seizure of private property a)4th amendment b)5th amendment c)14th amendment

a)4th amendment

which of the following accurately describes urban planning after world war 2? a)during the social turmoil of the 60's/70's community development, equity, and environmental planning emerged b)post-liberal planning, often called "planning-for-public," emphasized creation of truly public spaces in cities c)the new urbanism stressed the need to increase open space by building vertically, with large building setbacks d)all of the above

a)during the social turmoil of the 60's/70's community development, equity, and environmental planning emerged

which of the following accurately describes the appeal of zoning ordinances and other land regulations? a)early zoning ordinances were appealing to home owners, since they provided protection of their assets b)civil rights groups typically approve of zoning ordinances, since zoning always encourages affordable housing c)property rights advocates favor expanded zoning controls. as illustrated by ballot measures in Oregon and Arizona d)all of the above

a)early zoning ordinances were appealing to homeowners, since they provided protection of their assets

allows developers to exceed zoning standards in exchange for providing benefits, such as affordable housing a)incentive zoning b)planned-unit development c)cluster zoning d)impact/performance zoning

a)incentive zoning

restricted by fortifications, with buildings and streets built to suit their role as the marketplace a)medieval towns b)renaissance cities c)colonial towns

a)medieval towns

places additional controls, in addition to existing zoning, on areas with unique qualities a)overlay districts b)subdivision regulations c)building codes d)design guidelines

a)overlay districts

Typically used for infrastructure maintenance costs, but not for financing large capital investments a)property taxes b)general obligation bonds c)revenue bonds d)grants

a)property taxes

Which of the following accurately describes incrementalist planning theory? a)the method of "mudding through" is most commonly associated with incrementalist planning b)is often criticized for ignoring politics, and for its assumption that decision-makers have perfect knowledge c)argues that planning must be comprehensive, and must consider all possible alternatives and consequences d)all of the above

a)the method of "mudding through" is the most commonly associated with incrementalist planning

which of the following accurately describes conventional zoning ordinances? a)typically specifies "by right" permitted land users, as well as conditional uses requiring a permit b)are only focused on regulating land use, and typically do not set requirements for site layout or structure c)land owners are able to change to another land use by submitting a variance request d)all of the above

a)typically specifies "by right" permitted land users, as well as conditional uses requiring a permit

requires just compensation for private property take for public use a)4th amendment b)5th amendment c)14th amendment

b)5th amendment

which of the following accurately describes a comprehensive plan? a)unlike general and master plans, comprehensive plans focus only on a new development, not community wide b)comprehensive plans are long range, and are often mandated by the state c)the comprehensive plan for phoenix is updated annually, and only requires the approval of the city council

b)comprehensive plans are long range, and are often mandated by the state

which of the following accurately describes an important factor shaping US cities after world war 2? a)urban renewal focused on "slum improvement," providing federal funds to build and operate public housing b) freeways increased suburban accessibility, but were often built through low-income minority communities in cities c)due to the lack of government insured home lans in suburbs, most residential growth occurred in city centers d)all of the above

b)freeways increased suburban accessibility, but were often built through low-income minority communities in cities

used for public capital investment, such as schools, require voter approval and are repaid from the general fund a)property taxes b)general obligation bonds c)revenue bonds d)grants

b)grants obligation bonds

which concept best illustrates the difficulty of transforming individual preferences into one societal preference? a)prisoners dilemma conditions b)impossibility theorem c)free-rider problem of public goods d)communicative action

b)impossibility theorem

allows for alterations to existing zoning for integrated developments, providing greater flexibility a)incentive zoning b)planned-unit development c)cluster zoning d)impact/performance zoning

b)planned-unit development

influenced by aesthetic concerns, such as balance, symmetry, and uniformity, illustrated in palma nova a)medieval towns b)renaissance cities c)colonial towns

b)reniassance cities

which of the following accurately describes communicative planning theory? a)argues that in order to correct the lack of representation in planning, a city has a duty to appoint advocates b)says planners should provide residents with technical data and process understanding c)was criticized for its political naivety, and as a result evolved into equity planning d)all of the above

b)says planners should provide residents with technical data and process understanding

which of the following accurately describes the role of government in urban planning? a)because planning departments are in the executive brand of state government, the courts play no role in planning b)states enable local planning to occur, by dictating which planning activities are allowed, and which are required c)state governments do not develop plans of their own, and instead delegate all planning roles to local government d)all of the above

b)states enable local planning to occur, bu dictating which planning activities are allowed, and which are required

governs division of land parcels into smaller lots, and outlines that plat map review process a)overlay districts b)subdivision regulations c)building codes d)design guidelines

b)subdivision regulations

why was the village of euclid vs. ambler realty supreme court case significant for planning? a)validated the constitutionality of urban planning, and required public participation during planning processes b)upheld the police power of local governments to guard the welfare of the public interest through land regulation c)required regional cooperation across jurisdictions in order to be eligible for federal funding d)restricted the ability of government to take private property for redevelopment by another private party

b)upheld the police power of local governments to guard the welfare of the public interest through land regulations

restricts states from depriving any person of property without due process a)4th amendment b)5th amendment c)14th amendment

c)14th amendment

which of the following accurately describes the kelo vs. city of new london supreme court case? a)kelo argued that the city's new zoning ordinance unconstitutionally restricted her ability to build on her land b)the court decided that government does not have the right to take private property for economic development c)after the kelo case, many states passed legislation restricting the use of eminent domain for private development d)resulted in the construction of a research facility that today provides numerous jobs and millions in tax revenue e)all of the above

c)after the kelo case, many states passed legislation restricting the use of eminent domain for private development

which of the following showcased the philosophy of the modernist movement? a)the "white city" b)the greensward plan c)brasilia d)all of the above

c)brasilia

regulates construction standards for structures built on land parcels a)overlay districts b)subdivision districts c)building codes d)design guidelines

c)building codes

allows for deviation from existing subdivision regulations, to provide common open space and smaller lot size a)incentive zoning b)planned-unit development c)cluster zoning d)impact/performance zoning

c)cluster zoning

emphasis places on importance of squares and consistent grid layout of streets, as illustrated in montevideo a)medieval towns b)renaissance cities c)colonial towns

c)colonial towns

Which of the following are rival and non-excludable, and hence can result in the market failure of overconsumption? a)private goods b)public goods c)common resources d)all of the above

c)common resources

which of the following accurately describes eminent domain in the us? a)allows local government to seize private land for free, and for any purpose deemed necessary b)as part of the process, eminent domain cases automatically go to court, where a jury determines the results c)is justified by the potential inability to otherwise acquire land for public purposes, such as road construction d)all of the above

c)is justified by the potential inability to otherwise acquire land for public purposes, such as road construction

used to finance capital investments that will generate funding directly, such as a toll road a)property taxes b)general obligation bonds c)revenue bonds d)grants

c)revenue bonds

which of the following movements focused on improving the existing metropolis, rather than abandoning it? a)the garden cities movement b)the regionalist movement c)the city functional/efficient movement d)all of the above

c)the city function/efficient movement

which of the following accurately describes a movement that emerged in response to the US industrial city? a)the sanitary reform movement focused on addressing all urban issues not only those related to sanitation b)the parks movement was focused exclusively on improving aesthetics, while they ignored public health issues c)the housing reform movement rejected subsidized housing, arguing instead for regulation of private development d)all of the above

c)the housing reform movement rejected subsidized housing, arguing instead for regulation of private developement

which of the following accurately describes rational planning theory? a)emphasizes the importance of values, and for planners to becomes passionate champions of causes they believe in b)the strength of rational planning is its emphasis on politics, and its ability to work best with wicked problems c)utilized tools that include the mathematical modeling and the rational model of planning d)all of the above

c)utilizes tools that include the mathematical modeling and the rational model of planning

Which of the following are examples of urban planning strategies for addressing market failures? a)environmental planning to protect common resources, and transportation planning for provision of public goods b)land-use regulation to deal with externalities and community development planning to address prisoner dilemma c)affordable housing, health, and environmental justice planning to address social inequities d)all of the above

d)all of the above

which of the following accurately described the city beautiful movement in the US? a)is sometimes referred to the US grand manner planning, for its emphasis on grandeur b)resulted in implementation of the macmillan plan in Washington DC, as well as civic centers in numerous cities c)the plan of Chicago, a city beautiful plan, was privately privately sponsored, but implemented with voted-approved bonds d)all of the above

d)all of the above

which of the following accurately describes goal-setting during the comprehensive plan-making process? a)goals in comprehensive planning should be financially viable, as well as technically viable b)for comprehensive plans to be implementable, the public should actively participate in goal formation c)goals in comprehensive planning should be for the common good d)all of the above

d)all of the above

evaluates aesthetic qualities of new developments and renewal projects a)overlay districts b)subdivision regulations c)building codes d)design guidelines

d)design guidelines

Match each financing mechanism with the term that best describes it a)property taxes b)general obligation bonds c)revenue bonds d)grants FUNDS PROVIDES BY THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT FOR PUBLIC CAPITAL INVESTMENTS ON A CASE-BY-CASE OR ENTITLEMENT BASIS

d)grants

allows for land uses with minimal negative effects that would otherwise be forbidden by existing zoning a)incentive zoning b)planned-unit development c)cluster zoning d)impact/performance zoning

d)impact/performance zoning

t/f: all towns and cities prior to the industrial revolution lacked any type of "planning" and instead grew organically over time

false

t/f: in "home rule" states, local government only has those powers expressly granted and implied by the state, as well as those inherent to functioning, while in "dillon's rule" states, local government has any powers except those forbidden by or in conflict with the state

false

t/f: only those residents who actually live in a city can take legal action against that municipality over its land-use controls, even if such controls create barriers that prevent potential residents from moving to that city

false

t/f: public acquisition of land or open space preservation would not be considered a type of public capital investment, since no infrastructure or public facilities are actually being constructed

false

t/f: the constitution of the untied states explicitly provides local government with the power to regulate and control land decisions

false

t/f: unlike European grand manner planning focused on small-scale adornment of cities, the US aesthetic movements called for comprehensive planning of cities and total urban restructuring

false

t/f:Advocacy planning theory calls for planners to work from a standpoint of strict value-neutrality, serving as dispassionate technicians who produce a single "unitary" plan that represents the overall public interest

false

T/F: one common argument made against planning is that it is unnecessary in a free market, though this argument fails to recognize the problem of market failures that planning attempts to address

true

t/f: capital improvement programs, which must be consistent with the comprehensive plan, are typically a 5-year program that lists funding and expenditures for public capital investments

true

t/f: during the great depression, federal funding for infrastructure and regional planning increased, while the government experimented with federal ownership of the new greenbelt towns

true

t/f: externalities are the social costs of production that are not reflected in the consumer price, such as the environmental and health impacts caused by a polluting factory

true

t/f: form-based codes set controls on building form, including building siting, massing, and frontage layout, based on location along the rural-to-urban transect, with owners entitled "by right" to switch between allowable land use without rezoning

true

t/f: police power is the ability of government to regulate activities of private citizens to safeguard the public interest (health, safety, and public welfare), and does not constitute a "taking" that requires just compensation

true

t/f: the two most common tools for implementing a comprehensive plan are capital investments, which allow development to take place, and land-use controls, which guide the development that occurs

true

t/f: unlike rational planning that emphasizes the goal of optimizing, incrementalist planning is based on the principle of bounded rationality, which says that we attempt to satisfice by searching for the option that is "good enough"

true