PY201 Chapter 1 - Reading

Which individual wrote Principles of Physiological Psychology and is credited with establishing a scientific laboratory of Psychology at the University of Leipzig? - Wolfgang Köhler - Wilhelm Wundt - Sigmund Freud - William James

Wilhelm Wundt

A series of dots arranged in the shape of a face will be perceived as a face, not a series of dots. A psychologist studying this phenomenon is applying the principals of ________. structuralism humanism Gestalt psychology psychoanalytic theory

Gestalt psychology

In looking at the area of multicultural psychology, what is a recognized deficit of this particular area of study? - It can describe what happens between cultures, but not explain why those differences occur. - There are not enough non-White researchers engaged in data collection. - It ignores the relative importance of White psychologists to the larger field. - It is biased by serious political agendas among its researchers.

It can describe what happens between cultures, but not explain why those differences occur.

Which famous female psychologist completed all of the requirements for a doctorate in psychology but was denied that degree because of her sex? Inez Prosser Margaret Floy Washburn Mary Whiton Calkins Mary Ainsworth

Mary Whiton Calkins

A(n) ________ , also known as an operant chamber, is an instrument that isolates an animal from the external environment and allows a researcher to control that animals rewards and punishments. Watson manipulator Gestalt room isolation chamber Skinner box

Skinner box

Which kind of psychologist would be consulted in jury selection and witness preparation? counseling legal forensic cognitive

forensic

Psychology refers to the _____________. empirical study of humanity experimental study of individuals scientific study of the mind and behavior. systematic study of human interaction

scientific study of the mind and behavior.

Which of the following exemplifies the unconditional positive regard component of client-centered therapy? Boris tells his therapist that that he needs stronger medication and his therapist prescribes it. Natasha is late for her therapy session and her therapist believes she did this because she unconsciously dislikes therapy. Abby tells her therapist that she tripped a small child who got in her way, and her therapist accepts this information without judgment. Xavier receives a hug from the doctor when he arrives on time; he does not get a hug when he arrives late.

Abby tells her therapist that she tripped a small child who got in her way, and her therapist accepts this information without judgment.

In the study of personality, the ________ model includes different traits that are believed to underlie each individuals basic tendencies. - Five Factor - Either-Or - Fifth Dimension - H.O.P.E.S.

Five Factor (O.C.E.A.N.)

Which perspective within psychology that emphasizes the potential for good that is innate to all humans. Humanism Gestalt psychology Behaviorism Structuralism

Humanism

According to William James, what was the true purpose of psychology?

Studying the function of behavior in the world

What should be changed to make the following statement true? Jean Piaget is famous for his theories regarding changes in emotional ability that occur as we move from infancy to adulthood. The name "Jean Piaget" should be changed to "Abraham Maslow." The word "emotional" should be changed to the word "cognitive." The word "famous" should be changed to the word "infamous." The word "infancy" should be changed to the word "adolescence."

The word "emotional" should be changed to the word "cognitive."

What do structuralism, Gestalt psychology, and Sigmund Freud all have in common? - They were all concerned with the nature of evil during the Nazi regime. - They were all concerned with describing and understanding the inner experience. - They were all concerned with diagnosing and treating female psychosis. - They were all concerned with describing and understanding animal behavior.

They were all concerned with describing and understanding the inner experience.

Ashya wants to focus on the diagnosis and treatment of psychological disorders and other problematic patterns of behavior. What area of psychology should she work in? - clinical psychology - social psychology - cognitive psychology - counseling psychology

clinical psychology

Lucy wants to study changes in physical attributes, cognitive skills, moral reasoning, and social behavior across the lifespan. Lucy should specialize in ________ psychology. developmental personality social cognitive

developmental

Which of the following is an example of an objective measure used by functionalists? examination of anatomy and physiology the use of introspection of oneâ s own experiences interviews with research participants examination of existing archives and records

examination of anatomy and physiology

Introspection refers to a process by which someone examines ________ as objectively as possible. - the social construction of consciousness - her own unconscious wishes - her own conscious experience - another person's consciousness

her own conscious experience

Oona wants to conduct research on personnel management, workplace environment, and what type of environment results in high levels of employee productivity and efficiency. Oona should conduct research in the area of ________ psychology. - clinical - theoretical - existential-phenomenological - industrial-organizational

industrial-organizational

The empirical method of study is based on ________.

observation of phenomena

Edmund wants to identify relatively consistent patterns of thought and behavior, measure these traits, and determine how these traits interact in a particular context to determine how a person will behave in any given situation. Edmund wants to conduct research in the area of ________. - perception - social psychology - personality - cognition

personality

Dr. Singh has just completed her PhD program and is now applying for a year-long program at a nationally-recognized hospital. If accepted, she will greatly advance her knowledge of behavioral neuroscience. Dr. Singh is applying for a(n) ________ training program. applied postdoctoral fellows psychiatric

postdoctoral

Which of the following choices refers to a broad explanation or group of explanations for some aspect of the natural world that is consistently supported by evidence over time? - statistical validation - scientific theory - critical thinking - hypothesis

scientific theory

Select the correctly ordered list of psychological perspectives, with the earliest perspective listed first. - structuralism, functionalism, humanism, behaviorism - humanism, behaviorism, structuralism, functionalism - structuralism, functionalism, behaviorism, humanism - humanism, structuralism, functionalism, behaviorism

structuralism, functionalism, behaviorism, humanism

The cognitive revolution created an impetus for psychologists to focus their attention on better understanding ________. - genetics and the evolutionary adaptations that underlie behavior - emotions and cultural norms that underlie emotional responses - stimulus-response and the instincts that underlie human reaction to - pain - the mind and mental processes that underlie behavior

the mind and mental processes that underlie behavior

Functionalist psychologists focus on the function of behavior and ________. the operation of the whole mind rather than the individual parts explaining the subconscious the operation of individual parts of the mind understanding the id, ego, and superego

the operation of the whole mind rather than the individual parts