PYSC 1101-Openstax Chapter 5

Which of the following exemplifies the sense of audition?

hearing a song on the radio

What term describes the continuation of a visual sensation after removal of the stimulus?

Afterimage

The visible spectrum refers to the portion of the electromagnetic spectrum that we _______

Can see

What does the place theory of pitch perception suggest?

Different portions of the basilar membrane are sensitive to sounds of different frequencies

________ is another term for the malleus.

hammer

Imagine yourself in a dark classroom reading PowerPoint slides. If an audience member were to check the internet using her cell phone and causing her screen to light up, chances are that many people would notice the change in illumination in the classroom. However, if the same thing happened in a brightly lit classroom during a discussion, very few people would notice. The cell phone brightness does not change, but its ability to be detected as a change in illumination varies dramatically between the two contexts. This is an example of ________.

Merkel's theory

What is the X-shaped structure that sits just below the brain's ventral surface and represents the merging of the optic nerves from the two eyes?

Optic Chasm

How does the term Gestalt relate to the psychological study of perception?

Perception involves more than simply combining sensory stimuli; therefore, perception is studied as Gestalt

________ is a chemical message sent by another individual

Pheromone

Which of the following is false about sensation?

Sensation refers to the way sensory information is organized, interpreted, and consciously experienced.

Catherine is at a crowded baseball game when she loses track of her son, Nick. Despite the loud cheering and noise of the crowd, she can pinpoint his location when he calls for her because she can distinguish the sound of his voice from the all the other voices. This illustrates ________ theory.

Signal Detection

Suppose you are watching a movie on a large screen. For a fraction of a second, the words "Drink Cola" flash on the screen. You do not perceive the words "Drink Cola" because it is beyond your absolute threshold. In this example, the message "Drink Cola" is an example of ________

a subliminal message

Petra walks into a brightly lit Psychology lab to participate in an experiment involving the ability to perceive the colors of the rainbow. Which photoreceptors will be most useful during this experiment?

cones

What concept is illustrated by the following study? Participants were instructed to focus on either white or black objects, disregarding the other color. When a red cross passed across the screen, about one third of the subjects did not notice it.

inattentional blindness

Congenital deafness refers to deafness ________.

since birth

What is vertigo?

spinning sensation

Which of the following exemplifies gustation?

tasting freshly caught salmon

What is amplitude?

the height of a wave

Due to his sense of ________, Abraham knows he is cold when he is outside during a blizzard, and he knows he is hot after he comes inside and eats soup by the fire.

thermoception

In addition to sweet, salty, sour, and bitter, what other taste groupings do we possess?

umami and fat content

Which of the following was demonstrated by the 1998 research of Ayabe-Kanamura, Saito, Distel, Martínez-Gómez, & Hudson?

The ability to identify an odor, and rate its pleasantness and its intensity, varies cross-culturally.

What should be changed to make the following sentence true? "Pain that signals some type of tissue damage is known as neuropathic pain."

The word "neuropathic" should be changed to the word "inflammatory."

What has research by Goolkasian & Woodbury (2010) demonstrated about pattern perception?

Those who are given verbal priming produce a biased interpretation of complex ambiguous figures.

Honeybees can see light in the ________ range of the electromagnetic spectrum.

Ultraviolet

Read the following two sentences. (1) Gre eng rass gr ow son themoun tain. (2) Green grass grows on the mountain. How does the principle of proximity explain why the second sentence makes sense immediately, but the first sentence does not?

We group letters of a given word together because there are no spaces between the letters, and we perceive words because there are spaces between each word.

Sariah enters a room with several chirping crickets in it. Upon first entering the room, Sariah can hear the chirping; however, as she begins to talk to her friends, she is no longer aware of the chirping even though it is still there. The fact that Sariah no longer perceives the chirping sound demonstrates sensory ________.

adaptation

Kimya stares at a bright light and then looks away. After she looks away, she perceives a spot. What is this spot?

afterimage

The visible spectrum refers to the portion of the electromagnetic spectrum that we ________.

can see

Ravon was born deaf, so he is diagnosed with ________ deafness.

congenital

Ronaldo was born without the ability to experience pain, though he can perceive temperature differences and changes in pressure. What is his condition called?

congenital analgesia

Light waves are transmitted across the ________ and enter the eye through the ________.

cornea; pupil

The amplitude of a wave is the height of a wave as measured from the highest point on the wave________ to the lowest point on the wave ________.

crest; trough

______ is another term for the malleus.

hammer

________-frequency sound waves are perceived as high-pitched sounds, while ________-frequency sound waves are perceived as low-pitched sounds.

high; low

What was the original focus of Swets' (1964) signal detection theory?

improving the sensitivity of air traffic controllers to plane blips

Felix is riding his bicycle. His ability to sense how his torso is adjusting to the speed of his cycling and how his legs are pumping up and down is called ________.

kinesthesia

Within the visible spectrum, our experience of red is associated with ________.

longer wavelengths

Our vestibular sense contributes to our ability to ________.

maintain balance and body posture

_______ refers to the way that sensory information is interpreted and consciously experienced; ________ refers to what happens when sensory information is detected by a sensory receptor.

perception; sensation

________ is a chemical message sent by another individual.

pheromone

What allows Nancy to run without watching her feet and hit a baseball without focusing on the bat?

proprioception

Which type of processing involves the interpretation of sensations and is influenced by available knowledge, experiences, and thoughts?

top-down

Your ears receive sound waves and convert this energy into neural messages that travel to your brain and are processed as sounds. This is an example of ________.

transduction