Pyschology final

Which of the following correlation coefficients indicates the strongest between two variables. (A) -.90 (B) -.50 (C) +.80 (D) +.25

(A) -.90

The visible spectrum includes light that ranges from about What to What (A) 400-700 nm (B) 200-900 nm (C) 20-20,000 Hz (D) 10-20 dB

(A) 400-700 nm

The operant conditioing chamber (aka The What box) us a device used to study the principles of operant conditioning (A) Skinner (B) Watson (C) James (D) Koffka

(A) Skinner

What refers to the minimum amount of stimulus energy required to be detected 50% of the time (A) absolute threshold (B) difference threshold (C) just noticeable difference (D) transduction

(A) absolute threshold

The What gland secretes epinephrine (A) adrenal (B) thyroid (C) pituitary (D) master

(A) adrenal

A researcher interested in how changes in the cells of the hippocampus (a structure in the brain related to learning and memory), are related to memory formation would be most likely to identify as a(n) What psychologist. (A) biological (B) health (C) personality (D) social

(A) biological

An individual may suffer from What if there is a disruption in the brain signals that are sent to the muscles that regulate breathing (A) central sleep apnea (B) obstructive sleep apnea (C) narcolepsy (D) SIDS

(A) central sleep apnea

What operate best under bright light conditions (A) cones (B) rods (C) retinal ganglion cells (D) striate cortex

(A) cones

A person's participation in a research project must be What? (A) confidential (B) rewarded (C) voluntary (D) public

(A) confidential

Research suggests that cognitive processes, such as learning, may be affected by What? (A) hypnosis (B) meditation (C) mindful awareness (D) progessive relaxation

(A) hypnosis

What is the most effective in individuals that are very open to the power of suggestion (A) hypnosis (B) meditation (C) mindful awareness (D) cognitive therapy

(A) hypnosis

Before participating in an experiment, individuals should read and sign the What form. (A) informed consent (B) debriefing (C) IRB (D) ethics

(A) informed consent

An action potential involves Na+ moving Where in the cell and K+ moving Where in the cell (A) inside; outside (B) outside; inside (C) inside; inside (D) outside; outside

(A) inside; outside

The correlation coefficient indicates the weakest relationship when What? (A) it is closest to 0 (B) it is closest to -1 (C) it is positive (D) it is negative

(A) it is closest to 0

The What content of a dream refers to the true meaning of the dream (A) latent (B) manifest (C) collective unconscious (D) important

(A) latent

What is one way in which people can help reset their biological clocks? (A) light-dark exposure (B) coffee consumption (C) alcohol consumption (D) napping

(A) light-dark exposure

What refers to drug craving (A) psychological dependence (B) antagonism (C) agonism (D) physical dependence

(A) psychological dependence

The benefit of naturalistic observation studies is What? (A) the honesty of the data that is collected in a realistic setting (B) how quick and easy these studies are to perform (C) the researcher's capacity to make sure that data is collected as efficiently as possible (D) the ability to determine cause and effect in this particular approach

(A) the honesty of the data that is collected in a realistic setting

In Milgram's controversial study on obedience, nearly How Much of the participants were willing to administer what appeared to be lethal electrical shocks to another person because they were told to do so by an authority figure (A) 1/3 (B) 2/3 (C) 3/4 (D) 4/5

(B) 2/3

Humans have How Many pairs of chromosomes (A) 15 (B) 23 (C) 46 (D) 78

(B) 23

What is to animal research as What is to human research (A) informed consent; decption (B) IACUC; IRB (C) IRB; IACUC (D) deception; debriefing

(B) IACUC; IRB

A(n) What uses magnetic fields to create pictures of a given tissue? (A) EEG (B) MRI (C) PET scan (D) CT scan

(B) MRI

Based on your reading, which theorist would have been most likely to agree with this statement: Perceptual phenomena are best understood as a combination of their components. (A) William James (B) Max Wertheimer (C) Carl Rogers (D) Noam Chomsky

(B) Max Wertheimer

The What places less emphasis on research and more emphasis on application of therapeutic skills. (A) PhD (B) PsyD (C) postdoctoral training program (D) dissertation

(B) PsyD

What depth cues require the use of both eyes? (A) monocular (B) binocular (C) linear perspective (D) accommodating

(B) binocular

Sigmund Freud developed his theory of human personality by conducting in-depth interviews over an extended period of time with a few clients. This type of research approach is known as a(n) What? (A) archival research (B) case study (C) naturalistic observation (D) survey

(B) case study

What cycles occur roughly once every 24 hours? (A) biological (B) circadian (C) rotating (D) conscious

(B) circadian

Researchers might use What when providing participants with the full details of the experiment could skew their responses (A) informed consent (B) deception (C) ethics (D) debriefing

(B) deception

Scientific knowledge is What? (A) intuitive (B) empirical (C) permanent (D) subjective

(B) empirical

What are defined as observable realities? (A) behaviors (B) facts (C) opinions (D) theories

(B) facts

What refers to a person's genetic makeup, while What refers to a person's physical characteristics (A) phenotype; genotype (B) genotype; phenotype (C) DNA; gene (D) gene; DNA

(B) genotype; phenotype

Hair cells located near the base of the basilar membrane respond best to What sounds? (A) low-frequency (B) high-frequency (C) low-amplitude (D) high-amplitude

(B) high-frequency

The What is controlled by the experimenter, while the What represents the information collected and statistically analyzed by the experimenter. (A) dependent variable; independent variable (B) independent variable; dependent variable (C) placebo effect; experimenter bias (D) experiment bias; placebo effect

(B) independent variable; dependent variable

What involves following a group of research participants for an extended period of time (A) archival research (B) longitudinal research (C) naturalistic observation (D) cross-sectional research

(B) longitudinal research

What has its roots in religious practice (A) hypnosis (B) meditation (C) cognitive therapy (D) behavioral therapy

(B) meditation

What is a hormone secreted by the pineal gland that plays a role in regulating biological rhythms and immune function (A) growth hormone (B) melatoin (C) LH (D) FSH

(B) melatoin

Multiple sclerosis involves a breakdown of the What? (A) soma (B) myelin sheath (C) synaptic vesicles (D) dendrites

(B) myelin sheath

What occurs when sensory information is organized , interpreted, and consciously experienced (A) sensation (B) perception (C) tranduction (D) sensory adaptation

(B) perception

The What secretes hormones that regulate the body's fluid levels (A) adrenal (B) pituitary (C) testes (D) thyroid

(B) pituitary

LSD affects What neurotransmission? (A) dopamine (B) serotonin (C) acetylcholine (D) norepinephrine

(B) serotonin

What appears to be especially important for enhanced performance on recently learned tasks (A) melatonin (B) slow-wave sleep (C) sleep deprivation (D) growth hormone

(B) slow-wave sleep

Our ability to make our legs move as we walk across the room is controlled by the ________ nervous system. (A) autonomic (B) somatic (C) sympathetic (D) parasympathetic

(B) somatic

What is another word for sleepwalking (A) insomnia (B) somnambulism (C) cataplexy (D) narcolepsy

(B) somnambulism

Psyche is a Greek word meaning what? (A) essence (B) soul (C) behavior (D) love

(B) soul

Sleep spindles and K-complexes are most often associated with What sleep? (A) stage 1 (B) stage 2 (C) stage 3 and stage 4 (D) REM

(B) stage 2

Which of the following correctly matches the pattern in our perception of color as we move from short wavelengths to long wavelengths? (A) red to orange to yellow (B) yellow to orange to red (C) yellow to red to orange (D) orange to yellow to red

(B) yellow to orange to red

Who is most well-known for proposing his hierarchy of needs (A) Noam Chomsky (B) Carl Rogers (C) Abraham Maslow (D) Sigmund Freud

(C) Abraham Maslow

Damage to the What disrupts one's ability to comprehend language, but it leaves one's ability to produce words intact (A) anygdala (B) Broca's Area (C) Wernicke's Area (D) occipital lobe

(C) Wernicke's Area

A(n) What facilitates or mimics the activity of a given neurotransmitter system (A) axon (B) SSRI (C) agonist (D) antagonist

(C) agonist

Longitudinal research is complicated by high rates of What? (A) deception (B) observation (C) attrition (D) generalization

(C) attrition

What is loss of muscle tone or control that is often associated with narcolepsy (A) RBD (B) CPAP (C) cataplexy (D) insomnia

(C) cataplexy

Hearing aids might be effective for treating What? (A) Meniere's disease (B) sensorineural hearing loss (C) conductive hearing loss (D) interaural time differences

(C) conductive hearing loss

Symptoms of What may be improved by REM deprivation (A) schizophrenia (B) Parkinson disease (C) depression (D) generalized anxiety disorder

(C) depression

What is the field of study that focuses on genes and their expression (A) social psychology (B) evolutionary psychology (C) epigenetics (D) behavioral neuroscience

(C) epigenetics

The What is a small indentation of the retina that contains cones? (A) optic chiasm (B) optic nerve (C) fovea (D) iris

(C) fovea

The body's biological clock is located in the What? (A) hippocampus (B) thalamus (C) hypothalamus (D) pituitary gland

(C) hypothalamus

The electromagnetic spectrum includes What? (A) radio waves (B) x-rays (C) infrared light (D) all of the above

(C) infrared light

One would need at least a(n) What degree to serve as a school psychologist. (A) associate's (B) bachelor's (C) master's (D) doctoral

(C) master's

Researchers must Do What important concepts in their studies so others would have a clear understanding of exactly how those concepts were defined (A) randomly assign (B) randomly select (C) operationalize (D) generalize

(C) operationalize

If your What is activated, you will fell relatively at ease? (A) somatic nervous system (B) sympathetic nervous system (C) parasympathetic nervous system (D) spinal cord

(C) parasympathetic nervous system

An individual's consistent pattern of thought and behavior is known as a(n) What? (A) psychosexual stage (B) object permanence (C) personality (D) perception

(C) personality

Before psychology became a recognized academic disicipline, matters of the mind were undertaken by those in What? (A) biology (B) chemistry (C) philosophy (D) physic

(C) philosophy

The What secretes messenger hormones that direct the function of the rest of the endocrine glands (A) ovary (B) thyroid (C) pituitary (D) pancreas

(C) pituitary

Growth hormone is secreted by the What while we sleep (A) pineal gland (B) thyroid (C) pituitary gland (D) pancreas

(C) pituitary gland

Decreased sensitivity to an unchanging stimulus is known as What? (A) transduction (B) difference threshold (C) sensory adaption (D) inattentional blindness

(C) sensory adaption

What is/are described as slow-wave sleep (A) stage 1 (B) stage 2 (C) stage 3 and stage 4 (D) REM slee

(C) stage 3 and stage 4

The major limitation of case studies is What? (A) the superficial nature of the information collected in this approach (B) the lack of control that the researcher has in this approach (C) the inability to generalize the findings from this approach to the larger population (D) the absence of inter-rater reliability

(C) the inability to generalize the findings from this approach to the larger population

What occurs when a drug user requires more and more of a given drug in order to experience the same effects of the drug (A) withdrawal (B) psychological dependence (C) tolerance (D) reuptake

(C) tolerance

The audible range for humans is What? (A) 380-740 Hz (B) 10-20 dB (C) less than 300 dB (D) 20-20,000 Hz

(D) 20-20,000 Hz

A researcher interested in what factors make an employee best suited for a given job would most likely identify a(n) What psychologist (A) personality (B) clinical (C) social (D) I-O

(D) I-O

If someone wanted to become a psychology professor at a 4-year college, then s/he would probably need a What Type Of degree in psychology (A) bachelor of science (B) bachelor of art (C) mater's (D) PhD

(D) PhD

Which of the following was mentioned as a skill to which psychology students would be exposed? (A) critical thinking (B) use of the scientific method (C) critical evaluation of sources of information (D) all of the above

(D) all of the above

Using existing records to try to answer a research is known as What? (A) naturalistic observation (B) survey research (C) longitudinal research (D) archival research

(D) archival research

Height and weight are positively correlated. This means that: (A) there is no relationship between height and weight (B) Usually, the taller someone is, the thinner they are (C) Usually , the shorter someone is, the heavier they are (D) As height increases, typically weight increases

(D) as height increases, typically weight increases

Which of the following degrees would be the minimum required to teach psychology courses in high school? (A) PhD (B) PsyD (C) mater's degree (D) bachelor's degree

(D) bachelor's degree

Meditation may be helpful in What? (A) pain management (B) stress control (C) treating the flu (D) both A and B

(D) both A and B

The What plays a role in controlling slow-wave sleep (A) hypothalamus (B) thalamus (C) pons (D) both a and b

(D) both A and B

The three ossicles of the middle ear are known as What? (A) malleus, incus, and stapes (B) hammer, anvil, and stirrup (C) pinna, cochlea, and utricle (D) both A and B

(D) both A and B

Sympathetic activation is associated with What? (A) pupil dilation (B) storage of glucose in the liver (C) increased heart rate (D) both A and C

(D) both A and C

The central nervous system is comprised of What? (A) sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems (B) organs and glands (C) somatic and autonomic nervous systems (D) brain and spinal cord

(D) brain and spinal cord

The What receive(s) incoming signals from other neurons (A) soma (B) terminal buttons (C) myelin sheath (D) dendrites

(D) dendrites

Cocaine blocks the reuptake of ________. (A) GABA (B) glutamate (C) acetylcholine (D) dopamine

(D) dopamine

The two major hormones secreted from the pancreas are What? (A) estrogen and progesterone (B) norepinephrine and epinephrine (C) thyroxine and oxytocin (D) glucagon and insulin

(D) glucagon and insulin

A(n) What is a sudden, permanent change in a sequence of DNA (A) allele (B) chromosome (C) epigenetic (D) mutation

(D) mutation

The most common treatment for What involves the use of amphetamine-like medications (A) sleep apnea (B) RBD (C) SIDS (D) narcolepsy

(D) narcolepsy

Sometimes, researchers will administer a(n) What to participants in the control group to control for the effects that participants expectation might have on the experiment (A) dependent variable (B) independent variable (C) statistical analysis (D) placebo

(D) placebo

In the scientific method, a hypothesis is a(n) What? (A) observation (B) measurement (C) test (D) proposed explanation

(D) proposed explanation

What means that everyone in the population has the same likelihood of being asked to participate in the study? (A) operationalizing (B) placebo effect (C) random assignment (D) random sampling

(D) random sampling

If you were to stare at a green dot for a relatively long period of time and then shift your gaze to a blank white screen, you would see a What negative afterimage? (A) blue (B) yellow (C) black (D) red

(D) red

What occurs when there is a chronic deficiency in sleep (A) jet lag (B) rotating shift work (C) circadian rhythm (D) sleep debt

(D) sleep debt

Which statement best illustrates a negative correlation between the number of hours spent watching TV the week before exam and the grade on that exam? (A) Watching too much television leads to poor exam performance (B) Smart students watch less television (C) Viewing television interferes with a student's ability to prepare for the upcoming exam (D) Students who watch more television perform more poorly on their exams

(D) students who watch more television perform more poorly on their exams

Which of the following is not a structure of the forebrain (A) thalamus (B) hippocampus (C) amygdala (D) substantia nigra

(D) substantia nigra

A(n) What is a list of questions developed by a researcher that can be administered in paper form. (A) archive (B) case Study (C) naturalistic observation (D) survey

(D) survey

Scientific hypotheses are What and falsifiable? (A) observable (B) original (C) provable (D) testable

(D) testable

The What is a sensory relay station where all sensory information, except for smell, goes before being sent to other areas of the brain for further processing (A) amygdala (B) hippocampus (C) hypothalamus (D) thalamus

(D) thalamus

The quality of a sound that is affected by frequency, amplitude, and timing of the sound wave is known as What? (A) pitch (B) tone (C) electromagnetic (D) timbre

(D) timbre

What involves the conversion of sensory stimulus energy into neural impulses (A) sensory adaption (B) inattentional blindness (C) difference threshold (D) transduction

(D) transduction

Rogers believed that providing genuineness, empathy, and What in the therapeutic environment for his clients was critical to their being able to deal with their problems. (A) structuralism (B) functionalism (C) Gestalt (D) unconditioned positive regard

(D) unconditioned positive regard

A major criticism of Freud's early theories involves the fact that his theories Were What? (A) were too limited in scope (B) were too outrageous (C) were too broad (D) were not testable

(D) were not testable