Python Strings

Indexing and Slicing Strings

Python strings can be indexed using the same notation as lists, since strings are lists of characters. A single character can be accessed with bracket notation ([index]), or a substring can be accessed using slicing ([start:end]). Indexing with negative numbers counts from the end of the string.

Python String .format()

The Python string method .format() replaces empty brace ({}) placeholders in the string with its arguments. If keywords are specified within the placeholders, they are replaced with the corresponding named arguments to the method.

String Method .join()

The string method .join() concatenates a list of strings together to create a new string joined with the desired delimiter. The .join() method is run on the delimiter and the array of strings to be concatenated together is passed in as an argument.

String Method .title()

The string method .title() returns the string in title case. With title case, the first character of each word is capitalized while the rest of the characters are lowercase.

String Concatenation

To combine the content of two strings into a single string, Python provides the + operator. This process of joining strings is called concatenation.

Iterate String

To iterate through a string in Python, "for...in" notation is used.

Escaping Characters

Backslashes (\) are used to escape characters in a Python string. For instance, to print a string with quotation marks, the given code snippet can be used.

Built-in Function len()

In Python, the built-in len() function can be used to determine the length of an object. It can be used to compute the length of strings, lists, sets, and other countable objects.

Strings

In computer science, sequences of characters are referred to as strings. Strings can be any length and can include any character such as letters, numbers, symbols, and whitespace (spaces, tabs, new lines).

Immutable strings

Strings are immutable in Python. This means that once a string has been defined, it can't be changed. There are no mutating methods for strings. This is unlike data types like lists, which can be modified once they are created.

String replace

The .replace() method is used to replace the occurence of the first argument with the second argument within the string. The first argument is the old substring to be replaced, and the second argument is the new substring that will replace every occurence of the first one within the string.

Python string method .find()

The Python string method .find() returns the index of the first occurrence of the string passed as the argument. It returns -1 if no occurrence is found.

The in Syntax

The in syntax is used to determine if a letter or a substring exists in a string. It returns True if a match is found, otherwise False is returned.

String Method .lower()

The string method .lower() returns a string with all uppercase characters converted into lowercase.

String Method .split()

The string method .split() splits a string into a list of items: If no argument is passed, the default behavior is to split on whitespace. If an argument is passed to the method, that value is used as the delimiter on which to split the string.

String Method .strip()

The string method .strip() can be used to remove characters from the beginning and end of a string. A string argument can be passed to the method, specifying the set of characters to be stripped. With no arguments to the method, whitespace is removed.

String Method .upper()

The string method .upper() returns the string with all lowercase characters converted to uppercase.

IndexError

When indexing into a string in Python, if you try to access an index that doesn't exist, an IndexError is generated. For example, the following code would create an IndexError: