QA Exam 3 Review
What are the major characteristics of a project?
A project has a defined life span with a beginning, an end, an established objective, and involves personnel from more than one department in the organization.
Define Work Breakdown Structure
A tool used to progressively divide project work into smaller pieces
What are the two common techniques for drawing PERT networks?
AON and AOA
Describe the concepts associated with CPM
CPM uses normal time (no probability times), and it can use normal cost or crash cost.
Give definition of the minimal-spanning tree problem
Connecting all points of a network together while minimizing the total distance of the connections.
Define the shortest-route technique.
Find the shortest distance from one location to another
What at the steps in budgeting process in project management
Identify all costs for each activity. Identify how and when the costs will be actually spent. Use earliest start time (EST) and latest start time (LST) to determine money spent per period.
Define transshipment problem.
It is an intermediate stop points in a transportation problem, such as regional centers, where items must go before shipping to the final destination
Define pessimistic activity time
It is the time an activity would take assuming very unfavorable conditions.
What is the earliest (activity) start time is in a PERT network referred to?
It refers to the earliest time that an activity can start without violation of precedence requirements.
identify major phases of a project
Major phases of a project are controlling, planning, and scheduling.
Give an example of a work breakdown structure format
Organizational chart, indented outline, and free form.
What probability distribution does PERT assumes?
PERT assumes that the total completion time of a project follows a normal probability distribution.
What is the primary difference between PERT and CPM?
PERT uses a probabilistic technique and has three time estimates while CPM is a deterministic and has only one time estimate.
Define project crashing
Reducing a project's completion time is called crashing. The activity on the critical path with the lowest crash cost per period should be crashed first.
Define the critical path of a network
The critical path of a network is the path with zero slack.
Define the expected time in PERT
The expected time in PERT is a weighted average of the most optimistic time, most pessimistic time, and four times the most likely time.
What is the objective of crashing a project?
The objective of crashing a project is to reduce the overall project duration.
Describe slack time in a project network
The slack time in a project network identifies the activities with zero times AND is the longest path through a project network that determines the project length.
Define transportation problem.
Transportation problem finds the best (least cost) way to distribute goods from a source to a final destination.
What is said to exist when total demand equals total supply in a transportation problem?
a balanced problem
A line in a network that may represent a path or a route is called a(n)
arc
CPM stands for
critical path method.
Transportation models can be used for which of the following decisions?
facility location
The critical path of a network is the
longest time path through the network.
A point in the network, that is at the beginning or end of a route is called a(n)
node
PERT stands for
program evaluation and review techniques.
Slack time in a network is the
time an activity can be delayed without delaying the entire project.
Name the two most common objectives for the assignment problem.
total costs or total time
The two most common objectives for the assignment problem are the minimization of uncertainty or inexperience.
total costs or total time.
The first step in planning and scheduling a project is to develop the
work breakdown structure