Quiz 1

In what ways are black and nonblack Americans similarly related to the kings and queens of their ancestors native lands?

They don't stem from kings and queens. Most all immigrants descent from peasants. "Unfree labor" which is servants or slavery.

3. What is the lowest number of Africans surviving the Atlantic slave trade? Why does that number not agree with the total of 3,661,800?

10 million. It doesn't account for those who weren't recorded (trafficked in the slave trade or illegal trafficking in trade). It was a profit making enterprise so that didn't consider the ethics of it. Nothing is fair. That's why it's important to drink fair trade coffee, for example, so you know a child wasn't slaving over your cup of coffee.

Phillis Wheatley was rare among Americans of any race or sex in her ability to compose polished verse. What themes did her poetry address?

Abolishment of slavery, Africans also have full humanity and deserve to be free,

In what ways did American slavery affect the economic development of Africa?

Created a dependency on European market.

Question: What are the main sources of the way of thinking called Ethiopianism? Name at least one black artist who made Ethiopianist art.

Famous artists: Aaron Douglas and Meta Warrick Fuller. Aaron douglas is the premier ethiopianism artist. Ethiopianism are anient African cilvilizations creating a clorious past they claimed as their own. Racial insult led African American to shape a new way of thinking. Creatiting their own verison of Africa called ethiopianism. They did this through religion, art,

Question: What happened in the 1920s to affect black Americans thinking about Africa?

Harlom Renaissance or "New Negro Movement" "The Great Migration" Africans move from south to get away from places of enslavement Rise of Black Nationalism

Question: Which African languages were spoken in the territory of what is now the United States of America in 1705? 1805? 1905? 2005?

In 1805: Mixture of Ibo, Ndogan and black english In 1905 slavery has been "abolished" Black English and creolized languages are the main ones In 2005: Swahili or other Native languages brought from AFrica

In what sense are black americans a diasporic people?

In the sense that they immigrated from their homeland of Africa to the United States. Some by choice, but most were forced to immigrate to be slaves. In short: Separation from their homeland and settling among strangers make them diasporic.

When did the numbers of Europeans coming to the Western Hemisphere exceed the numbers of Africans?

Mid to late 1800s. Early 19th Century. We've always been told that white people have been the majority.

How did AFrican independence change the way black artists depicted Africans?

Motivated Africans to travel to Africa. Europeans wouldn't allow African Americans to travel to Africa Provided cultural context for what became "Black Movement" African Americans have been freed for over half a century officially.

How did U.S. census enumerators decide whether a person was "Negro" "white" or "mulatto" in 1850? Could such designations change for the same individual from one census to another?

Negroes were people with any degree of African ancestry. It also meant that you were someone who was degraded and enslaved. You were judged solely by the color of your skin and appearance. Non-whites were considered negroes, even if there wasn't any African ancestry. White people were supposedly "pure."

Was there a specific date by which all people of African descent in British North America were enslaved by law?

No. It just happened over time. "Bit by bit."

Were the twenty or so African captives disembarking at Jamestown in August 1619 the first Africans in Virginia?

No. Scholars used to think this. We know these weren't the first Africans because they recorded 32 afro americans that were already in Virginia. We also know that there were a number of unrecorded Africans in Virginia that weren't mentioned. People had seen them around before 1619. There were African people that accompanied the explorers.

Organized churches, one dimension of black American religion, began in philadelphia and New york. What were the denominations of these churches, and when were they founded?

The African Methodist Episcopal (AME) Church (formed in philadelphia). This grew out of African Methodism. They were founded in 1816. Separate denomination: African Methodist Episcopal Zion Church (formed in New York → 1829-1824) African American church was formed as a response to racism within the "white church."

What was the historical and legal importance of the virginia legislature's 1662 decision to make children's status dependent upon the status of their mothers?

The children of unfree mothers were unfree and the children of free mothers were free. They didn't take into consideration the "free" or "unfree" status of the father. This was an attempt to regulate interracial intimacy aka biracial sex. Basically if a black woman was raped (could be consensual too) by a white man then her child would still be considered unfree. Class status for African Americans used to be based on the color of their skin.