Quiz 1 (lectures 1&2)

DNA is the basic information source for most biological life on Earth. The structure of DNA was first determined in:

1953

The genome contains the genetic information of and organism. The first draft of the Human Genome was first published in:

2001

The predominate fundamental information basis for life on earth is stored in the molecule DNA. DNA stands for:

Deoxyribonucleic Acid

By developing a systematic method for evaluation of testable hypothesis, one can learn more than from mere conjecture or superstition. Which of the following statements best describes the logic of the scientific method?

If the hypothesis is correct, certain test results can be expected.

Sometimes observations are made which correlate with one another but may not have anything to do with each other. For example, the price of bananas last year correlated to the number of murders in Chicago or that vaccines correlates to the increase in autism. What is the meaning of the statement "correlation does not imply causation"?

Just because two variables vary in a similar pattern does not mean that changing one variable causes a change in the other.

The sequence of information in DNA is fundamental to an understanding of biological function. The first draft of the human genome was published in the Journal Nature in 2001. Knowing all the genes in humans may have profound affects on which areas in the future?

The areas in all of the answers have already been affected.

Using the scientific method for evaluation ideas can be evaluated. Some people confuse the words: guess, hunch, hypothesis, and theory. Experiments are used to validate explanations. Which of the following best distinguishes hypotheses from theories in science?

Theories have a broad explanatory thesis involving many repeated observations, and experiment over time by many people; Hypotheses are usually more narrow in scope.

The scientific method is at its basic a procedure that has characterized natural science since the 17th century, consisting in systematic observation, measurement and experiment, and the formulation, testing and modification of hypotheses. The scientific method is:

a method as an intellectual activity encompassing observation, description, experiment and explanation of natural phenomena and a method to systematically gain a body of knowledge.

A supposition or a system of ideas intended to explain something, especially one based on general principles independent of the think to be explained is a basic tenet of the scientific method. A relationship between phenomena that has bee established based on large amount of observational and experiments data is referred to as:

a theory.

Where ever you go leave a small part of you behind, some of which may contain your DNA. Forensic applications of biotechnology:

all of these answers are correct.

Why do people believe what they believe? Is this cultural, by repeated experience or instinct? Beliefs are different from knowledge. Why do people believe what they believe? Superstitions are:

are not logically related to a course of events but rather irrational beliefs.

We can always ask a question about why? Why does this happen? About any observation. Experiments can be used to test our questions and yield observable and repeatable results to discern answers about these questions. Empirical results:

are observations based on testable hypotheses.

Most biologists agree that any animal can be cloned if the effort is put against the project. This procedure typically involves the removal of the nucleus of a body ( somatic) cell and injecting it into an enucleated egg cell. Animal cloning:

as well as the genetic engineering of animals, has bee accomplished for several different species.

We all have a very limited range of perception and knowledge of the world around us. How we know anything about our world is an age old problem. Science is:

both a body of knowledge and an intellectual activity encompassing observation, description, experimentation, and explanation of natural phenomena

Statistics is the practice or science of collecting and analyzing numerical data in large enough quantities to infer conclusions, especially for the purpose of inferring proportions in a whole from those in a representative sample. Statistical methods make it possible to:

discern out of many observations how likely it is that certain results have occurred by chance.

Any gene can now be cloned and moved into plants for crop improvement purposes. Agricultural Biotechnology:

has been widely used globally for genetic modification for crop improvement without a single substantiated health issue.

The use of biotechnology has far reaching applications, including agriculture, pharmacy, medicine, and forensics. With world fisheries in peril of over harvest, aquaculture advanced breeding, and biotechnology approaches offer some solutions. Marine biotechnology:

is the optimization and use of marine organisms by humans to produce something useful.

Something anecdotal has to do with anecdotes-little stories. Anecdotal evidence is based on hearsay rather than hard facts. People like to share stories about thing that happened to then, or that they heard about, to make a point. That kind of talk is anecdotal: based on small, personal accounts. Anecdotal evidence:

links that may not exist can seem to be revealed between two phenomena, but the link may not actually exist.

Strict experimental design is necessary to achieve reliable scientific observations. If a result cannot be replicated, the original results should be in doubt. In a well-designed experiment:

multiple answers are correct.

The use of DNA technologies (as through genetic engineering) and the use of living organisms or their components to produce useful usually commercial products (such as pest resistant crops, new bacterial strains, or novel pharmaceuticals), is not common place. Biotechnology is:

the production of something biological and useful for people through the use of management of living organisms or their components.