quiz 7 & 8 nutriton

What of the following is a function of chloride in the body?

All of the above

True or False: Gaining weight is simple and easy for everyone.

False

True or false: Supplements can replace whole foods, because they offer the same nutritional package.

False

The relationship between BMI and mortality risk is demonstrated by a:

J-shaped curve

Which of the following components of total energy expenditure makes the smallest contribution?

Thermic effect of foodq

Which of the following individuals would most likely have the lowest basal metabolic rate?

A 28-year-old anorexic woman

Which of the following does NOT define a "healthy body weight?"

A weight that is acceptable to society.

Which of the following hormone(s) is/are involved in decreasing hunger?

CCK & Leptin

Which statement is FALSE regarding fat-soluble vitamins?

Fat-soluble vitamins need to be consumed on a daily basis

Who experiences greater weight bias?

Women

Which of the following can you be certain of when purchasing a supplement?

You can assume that a supplement that has had third-party testing contains the ingredients listed on the label.

Which of the following nutrient levels in a food is least likely to be decreased due to food processing techniques?

vitamin C

which of the following is not a fat-soluble vitamin?

vitamin C

Which of the following can generate free radicals?

All of the above

Which of the following is/are reason(s) consumers should use caution when considering whether to use a dietary supplement?

All of the above

Which of the following eating disorders are characterized by extreme weight loss?

Anoexia

What type of fat distribution is associated with an increased risk of chronic disease?

Apple shape

Which of the following is NOT a major body function that the sodium-potassium pump helps regulate?

Body Temperature

Which of the following are two fat-soluble vitamins that humans obtain from non-dietary sources?

D and K

What distinguishes a major mineral from a trace mineral?

Daily requirement of the minerals

Which of the following are ways that a person's body may adapt to decreased caloric intake?

Decrease in BMR and NEAT, increase in hunger

Which of the following is considered the MOST accurate method for estimating a person's body fat composition?

Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry

Which of the following is NOT a typical topic addressed in behavioral weight loss treatment?

Elimination diets

Which of the following is NOT a principle of HAES?

Exercise should be intense and extreme to burn as many calories as possible.

True or False: Weight loss is simple and easy for everyone.

False

True or false: A deficiency of a major mineral is more detrimental to health than a deficiency of a trace mineral.

False

True or false: Any amount of free radicals can be very damaging to the body.

False

True or false: Body composition is easy to measure accurately when using inexpensive and accessible techniques like skinfold testing and BIA.

False

True or false: Dietary supplements are tested for safety and efficacy by the Food and Drug Administration.

False

True or false: Electrolytes move freely across the cell membrane, whereas water requires a special channel or protein.

False

True or false: In the DIETFITS study, a low-carbohydrate diet was shown to produce more significant weight loss results than a low-fat diet.

False

True or false: Research shows that taking multivitamin/mineral (MVM) supplements results in living longer, slowing cognitive decline, and lowering the chance of getting cancer, heart disease, or diabetes.

False

True or false: The main reason for the obesity epidemic is a change in human genetics over the last 50 years.

False

True or false: Water-soluble vitamins are never toxic; they are harmless even when consumed in megadose amounts

False

Ghrelin is a(n)

Gastric hormone that stimulates hunger

Which of the following is/are example(s) of economic burdens of overweight and obesity?

Increase medical costs

Which of the following is/are limitation(s) in using body mass index (BMI) as a measure of an individual's health?

It does not distinguish between muscle mass and fat mass.

Which of the following are NOT habits of people who have lost weight and have registered with the National Weight Control Registry?

Losers skip breakfast.

Which of the following is a correct definition of hyponatremia?

Low blood sodium concentration

Martha is consuming 2,500 kilocalories per day, and her energy needs are 2,000 kilocalories per day. What type of energy balance would Martha be in, and would you expect for her to lose or gain weight if this caloric intake continued?

Martha would be in positive energy balance and would most likely be gaining weight.

Which of the following nutrients requires the MOST frequent consumption to assure adequate body stores?

Not Vitamin C

Serena has a BMI of 28. Serena's BMI indicates that she is:

Overweight

Which of the following is/are NOT true statement(s) about the obesity epidemic?

People who are college-educated are more likely to be obese.

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of minerals?

Plants can make the minerals they need for life?

The inactive forms of vitamins found in the body that must be converted to their active forms before they can be used are known as _______.

Provitamins

Which of these actions does NOT help retain the vitamins in foods?

Refining and processing rice

Which of the following foods contributes the most sodium in the American diet?

Sandwiches

Which of the following is a correct statement about how dietary supplements are regulated?

The FDA has to prove that a supplement product is unsafe in order to remove it from the market.

In general, which of the following is/are more often true of people living in poverty?

They are more likely to live in an obesogenic environment and food desert.

True or false: A person with obesity spends more per year on health care than a person of normal weight.

True

True or false: Eating a diet rich in antioxidant-containing foods like fruits and vegetables is associated with lower oxidative stress and risk of chronic diseases.

True

True or false: Extracellular fluid includes both interstitial fluid of cells and plasma.

True

True or false: It is possible to be classified as obese (BMI >25), and be metabolically healthy (free from type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia).

True

True or false: Most minerals are absorbed better from animal food sources than from plant food sources.

True

True or false: Water-soluble vitamins are typically more susceptible to the effects of food processing techniques than fat-soluble vitamins.

True

Which of the following is NOT considered a basal function?

Walking up the stairs

Which of the following is/are NOT reason(s) it is so hard for people to maintain weight loss?

When you lose weight your metabolism increases.

Which of the following is/are a benefit(s) of processing foods?

all the above?

Which of the following terms is best defined as the physiological need to eat?

hunger

Which of the following vitamins can be made by intestinal bacteria?

vitamin k