Quiz 9,10,12

Madeline is seven months old. Her mother is eating a cookie and Madeline wants some. Her mother hides the cookie under a napkin, but Madeline is not fooled. She knows the cookie is still there. What does this exemplify?

object permanence

Which of the following strategies would effectively reduce racism?

teaching children to think independently and challenge social norms that promote racism

Which of the following is an example of the self-fulfilling prophecy?

telling someone with dyslexia she cannot learn to read, leading her to become illiterate even though she could indeed learn to read

Luis works part-time after school to earn money so he can afford a new phone. Luis is working because of ________ motivation.

Extrinsic

If you suggest that smiling can make someone feel happier, then you are relying on the:

Facial feedback hypothesis

Kara gets an F on her history exam. Then she goes home and gets into an argument with her roommate, Lee. Lee assumes Kara is yelling at him because she likes to bully him, not because she had a bad day. Lee is making a ________.

Fundamental attribution error

Which of the following strategies would effectively reduce prejudice between groups?

Having groups meet under equal terms and cooperate on a task

Which is most influenced by nurture

Language a child speaks

Why have we not yet found the 'happy' center of the brain?

Many of the same brain regions are responsible for different emotions, working together in dynamic ways we still have to discover

A developmental psychologist might use _ to observe how children behave on a playground, at a daycare center, or in the child's own home.

Naturalistic observation

Which of the following is something an advocate for optimal arousal theory might observe?

When we are bored we look for excitement; when we are overexcited we wish for more peace.

Which of the following is a way that the James-Lange theory of emotion differs from the Schachter-Singer theory of emotion?

According to the James-Lange theory, emotions arise from physiological arousal; according to the Schachter-Singer theory, emotions include a cognitive attribution factor and a physiological factor.

Suppose you are walking down a street. A woman has fallen down, but because there are so many people around it does not occur to you that you should help. You just assume someone else is about to help her and keep walking. This is an example of _.

Bystander effect

Rochelle has a glass of Kool-Aid. She pours her Kool-Aid into a toy teacup, and then she pours the Kool-Aid from the teacup into a tall glass. She then pours it from the tall glass back into the original glass. She knows the amount of Kool-Aid has not substantially changed. What stage has she achieved?

Concrete operational

A study was completed to understand the impact of nurture on the expression of genes. Based on what you know about the interaction of nature and nurture and the lasting impacts of environment on how genes are expressed, which of the following would occur?

If mice were not attended by their mothers during childhood, their stress-response gene was methylated (causing it not to be expressed as much) for their entire life, creating a heightened response to stress for their entire life.

What is the main point of the textbook discussion of Milgram's obedience study?

Individuals will obey authority to the point of potentially causing serious harm to another person

According to Erikson, after age 65 people are attempting to assess their lives and make sense of life and the meaning of their contributions. What is the primary developmental task of this stage?

Integrity vs. despair

It is not acceptable to smoke cigarettes in airplanes. What is this an example of?

Social norm

Which of the following exemplifies intrinsically motivated behavior?

Visiting your nephew because you like to hang out with him

Research shows that _; performance tends to suffer _.

moderate arousal is generally best; when arousal is very high or very low

Emily is a doctoral student in psychology. She plans to use ________ to complete her doctoral paper, asking individuals about how their thoughts, experiences, and beliefs differ over a 10-year period.

Surveys

Alcohol and other drugs, certain medications, and infectious agents are examples of:

Teratogens

As defined in the text, which of the following best exemplifies pro social behavior

Tyler visits his aunt once a week to bring her groceries.

Patients with damage to the amygdala

do not feel or express a normal fear response, have difficulty recognizing fearful expressions in other people, exhibit almost no startle response (all the above)