QUIZ - Week 7 (ch. 22-24)

How can you distinguish a focal myometrial contraction from a leiomyoma? -Fibroids are hypoechoic and myometrial contractions are hyperechoic to the myometrium. -Fibroids are isoechoic to the myometrium and contractions are hypoechoic to the myometrium. -Fibroids are hyperechoic to the myometrium whereas myometrial contractions are isoechoic to the myometrium. -Fibroids consistently alter the shape of the myometrium whereas contractions disappear over time.

-Fibroids consistently alter the shape of the myometrium whereas contractions disappear over time.

Which of the following abnormalities is associated with Arnold-Chiari Type II malformation? -Meningocele, lemon sign, and banana sign -Lemon sign, banana sign, obliterated cisterna magna, and hydrocephalus -Lemon sign, banana sign, hydrocephalus and monoventricle -Colpocephaly, meningomyelocele, open spinal defect, and vein of Galen aneurysm

-Lemon sign, banana sign, obliterated cisterna magna, and hydrocephalus

Normally, the chorionic cavity should no longer be visible after how many gestational weeks? 10 12 16 20

16

A patient is scanned for a biophysical profile (BPP). The fetus demonstrates 3 gross movements, 1 episode of tone, absent fetal breathing and a largest vertical pocket measurement of 4 cm. What is the BPP score? 8/8 2/8 6/8 4/8

6/8

What is the normal measurement of the cisterna magna? >10 mm and <2 mm >2 mm <10 mm <10 mm and >2 mm

<10 mm and >2 mm

A fetus is demonstrated to have a horseshoe shaped monoventricle, fused thalami and absent falx. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis? Dandy Walker malformation Mucinous cystadenoma Alobar holoprosencephaly Lobar holoprosencephaly

Alobar holoprosencephaly

What disorder is characterized as failure of the cervical end of the neural tube to fuse? Dandy walker malformation Anencephaly Spina bifida Arnold Chiari Type II

Anencephaly

A 23-week pregnant patient presents with right lower quadrant pain, fever, nausea, and leukocytosis. The fetus is normal. What else should be considered as a cause for the pain? Hydronephrosis Cholelithiasis Appendicitis Ovarian torsion

Appendicitis

What is the most common cause of hydrocephalus in utero? Dandy-Walker malformation Polyhydramnios Holoprosencephaly Aqueductal stenosis

Aqueductal stenosis

Which sonographic exam is used to assess fetal hypoxia? Biophysical profile Nuchal translucency Anatomical profile Biometry scan

Biophysical profile

Which fetal brain structures should be visualized in the axial plane used to measure the biparietal diameter? Thalamus, falx cerebri, and cerebellum Cavum septum pellucidum (CSP), thalamus, and cerebellum CSP, thalamus, and falx cerebri Thalamus, cerebellum, and cisterna magna

CSP, thalamus, and falx cerebri

What is the most common reason for maternal hydronephrosis in the third trimester? Bladder outlet obstruction Pyelonephritis ectopic pregnancy Compression of ureter by uterus

Compression of ureter by uterus

What is the function of the aqueduct of Sylvius? Connects the third ventricle with the subarachnoid space Connects the lateral ventricles to the fourth ventricle Connects the third and fourth ventricles Connects the lateral ventricles to the third ventricle

Connects the third and fourth ventricles

What is the most common ovarian mass associated with pregnancy? Theca lutein cyst Corpus luteal cyst Dermoid Follicular retention cyst

Corpus luteal cyst

A patient presents for a dating ultrasound at 7 weeks gestation with right lower quadrant pain and a palpable right adnexal mass. Sonography demonstrates an intrauterine pregnancy and an ovarian cyst with a thickened wall and internal echoes. What is the most likely diagnosis? Ectopic pregnancy Serous cystadenoma Hemorrhagic corpus luteal cyst Endometriosis

Hemorrhagic corpus luteal cyst

A patient presents with a lateral ventricle measurement of 22 mm, dangling choroid, and the BPD and HC measure 3 weeks greater than the gestational age. What is the most likely diagnosis? Ventriculomegaly Dandy-Walker malformation Hydrocephalus Holoprosencephaly

Hydrocephalus

The lateral ventricle measurement on a 21-week fetus is 13 mm, what is the implication of this measurement? It indicates a mesocephalic head. It indicates a choroid plexus cyst. Normal for this gestational age. It indicates ventriculomegaly.

It indicates ventriculomegaly.

A patient presents with acute left pelvic pain, vaginal bleeding, low hCG for gestational age, and low hematocrit. Sonography demonstrates a small irregular shaped cystic area in the endometrial canal, an adnexal ring sign in the left adnexa, and free fluid in the cul-de-sacs and adnexas. What is the most likely diagnosis? Left ectopic pregnancy Hemorrhagic corpus luteal cyst Pseudosac Yolk sac tumor

Left ectopic pregnancy

What is the most common risk factor for intracranial hemorrhage in utero? History of amniocentesis Maternal trauma Maternal platelet disorders Maternal cocaine use

Maternal platelet disorders

What is an isolated enlargement of the cisterna magna termed? Holoprosencephaly Mega cisterna magna Dandy walker variant Dandy walker malformation

Mega cisterna magna

How is the biparietal diameter measured? Inner edge of temporal skull - inner edge of temporal skull Inner edge of temporal skull - outer edge of temporal skull Outer edge of temporal skull - outer edge of temporal skull Outer edge of temporal skull - inner edge of temporal skull

Outer edge of temporal skull - inner edge of temporal skull

What is a complication associated with large ovarian cysts or masses? Pregnancy loss Contralateral hydronephrosis Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome Ovarian torsion

Ovarian torsion

Which of the following disorders is caused by an ischemic event or vascular occlusion within the fetal brain? Schizencephaly Porencephaly Choroid plexus cysts Lissencephaly

Porencephaly

What is the leading cause of first-trimester vaginal bleeding in the presence of a closed cervix? Blighted ovum Complete abortion Fetal demise Subchorionic hemorrhage

Subchorionic hemorrhage

What is an ovarian complication of a molar pregnancy? Hemorrhagic follicular retention cyst Corpus luteum cyst Theca lutein cyst Serous cystadenocarcinoma

Theca lutein cyst

What is a heterotopic pregnancy? -Twin gestation, where both sacs are implanted in the fallopian tube. -Twin gestation, where one gestation is implanted in the uterus and the other has an ectopic implantation. -Twin gestation, where both embryos are in same amniotic sac -Twin gestation, where there are two separate gestational sacs, each in its own horn of a bicornuate uterus.

Twin gestation, where one gestation is implanted in the uterus and the other has an ectopic implantation.

What measurements are correlated to determine an estimated fetal weight? -biparietal diameter (BPD), head circumference, abdominal circumference (AC), and femur length (FL) -mean sac diameter (MSD), BPD, AC, and FL -BPD, occipitofrontal diameter, AC, and crown rump length -CRL, MSD, AC, and FL

biparietal diameter (BPD), head circumference, abdominal circumference (AC), and femur length (FL)

Which of the following structures implants into the endometrium? blastocyst zygote embryo morula

blastocyst

Which of the following is documented in this menarche patient? incomplete abortion blighted ovum pseudogestational sac early intrauterine pregnancy

early intrauterine pregnancy

The mean sac diameter (MSD) measures gestational age before visualization of the: embryo yolk sac amnion fetal heart

embryo

This gestational sac demonstrates a(n): embryo and the amnion embryo and large yolk sac abnormal twin gestation large complex yolk sac

embryo and the amnion

Ectopic pregnancies are commonly located in the: fallopian tube uterine cornua ovary cervix

fallopian tube

A patient presents with a history of rapidly increasing hCG levels. Based on this clinical history, the sonogram is most suspicious for: heterotopic pregnancy gestational trophoblastic disease retained products of conception pseudocyesis

gestational trophoblastic disease

The most common clinical symptom associated with this abnormality is: pelvic cramping vaginal spotting lower-extremity swelling hyperemesis

hyperemesis

Subchorionic hemorrhage is a common consequence of: the obliteration of the chorionic cavity the expansion of the amniotic cavity fertilization of the ovum implantation of the conceptus

implantation of the conceptus

Which of the following is also identified in this sonogram? incomplete abortion intrauterine device hematometra calcified uterine vessels

intrauterine device

A rapid decline in serial hCG levels will most likely correlate with a(n): heterotopic pregnancy anembryonic pregnancy spontaneous abortion ectopic pregnancy

spontaneous abortion

With gestational trophoblastic disease, the adnexa are most likely to demonstrate: theca lutein cysts solid ovarian masses complex adnexal masses corpus luteal cysts

theca lutein cysts

Which of the following is an abnormal finding in a first-trimester pregnancy? prominent cystic structure in the posterior brain visualization of the amnion without an embryo herniation of the fetal bowel into the umbilical cord fetal heart rate of 100 beats per minute

visualization of the amnion without an embryo

A transvaginal sonogram of the superior uterus demonstrates a(n): amnion in an intrauterine pregnancy yolk sac in an intrauterine pregnancy anembryonic pregnancy embryonic demise

yolk sac in an intrauterine pregnancy