Quizzes for Ethics of Health Care

Common legal reporting requirements found in most American jurisdictions include which of the following

-Child abuse -Drug abuse -Communicable disease -Births and Deaths -Injuries with guns or knives -Blood transfusion reactions -Poison and industrial accidents -Misadministration of radioactive materials

Specialty practice acts will vary in emphasis but the majority will address the following

-scope of professional practice -requirements and qualifications for license or certification -penalties and sanctions for unauthorized practices

The theorist whose seminal work provided an easily understood model of needs-based human choices

Abraham Maslow

Paternalism, as practiced by clinicians seems to be most in opposition to the basic principle of

Autonomy

The theorist who holds that females follow a different value development path than males

Carol Gilligan

_____ challenged Lawrence Kohlberg's theory, stating that it failed to take into consideration a separate

Carol Gilligan

When one person has a right, others have obligations to either refrain from hindrance or provide the required goods and services associated with the right

Correlative obligation

For the _____ ethicists, the basic rightness or wrongness of an act depends on the intrinsic nature of the act itself

Duty-oriented

Kantian ethics is a form of _____ reasoning

Duty-oriented

Federal legislation designed to encourage the use of electronic transmission of health information (to assist in cost containment) and provide new safeguards to protect the security and confidentiality of the information

HIPAA

In 1996 Congress enacted the _______ to encourage use of electronic transmission of health information and provide new safeguards to protect the security and confidentiality of the information

Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act

A graphic organizer that explains Abraham Maslow's important work

Hierarchy of Needs

One of the foremost theorists in regard to value development is

Jean Piaget

Perhaps the most famous moralized contractarian theory of rights that include the concept of the original position comes from the work of

John Rawls

The "categorical imperative" is part of ____ ethics

Kantian ethics

One of the most foremost theorists in value development

Lawrence Kohlberg

A power, privilege, or immunity guaranteed under a constitution, statutes, or decisional law

Legal right

are concerned with the judgment principles of right and wrong in relation to human actions and character

Morals

The theory that holds that the historical time period in which an individual is born shapes the development of their world view

Morris Massey

Those in society who believe that there are no moral values, no moral knowledge and no responsibilities

Nilhism

The belief that one should,on the basis of doing good for the patient, limit the patient's autonomy

Paternalism

A doctrine used to determine whether an action is morally defensible when it has more than one consequence, usually both favorable and ill

Principle of double effect

If confidentiality is the professional duty, this is the legal right

Privacy

The concept that requires fairness in the processes that resolve disputes and allocate resources

Procedural justice

____ etiquette involves issues such as the need to avoid talking badly about another practitioner, maintenance of appropriate relationships on the work site, or the need to stay within the role boundaries of our specialty

Professional

The doctrine that truth is not an absolute but is relative to the individual or group that holds the belief

Relativism

____ is a form of utilitarianism that holds that an action can be deemed to be right if it conforms to a rule by the principle of utility

Rule utilitarianism

Which generation received its value programming by the events surrounding the Great Depression and World War II

Silent Generation

One of the value cohorts that received its value programming by the events surrounding the Great Depression and World War II

Traditionalists

Principles, personal standards, or qualities considered worthwhile or desirable

Values

When individuals think what they "ought" to do in a particular situation, they are thinking in the world of

Values

From the vantage point of a ______ perspective, the practice of patient confidentiality has been a mainstay of health care practice and forms one of the virtues that one would expect from the "good practitioner"

Virtue ethics

______ is the decision making system that calls for an individual to think about what a good practitioner would do when faced with that decision

Virtue ethics

Specialties including therapists, athletic trainers, and dieticians fall under the umbrella of

allied health

Concern for welfare of others; selflessness

altruism

Assault and battery differ from each other in that ___is committed without physical content such as someone verbally threatening

assault

The basic principle that is most closely associated with the concept of self-determination

autonomy

The principle that is most closely associated with the practice of informed consent is

autonomy

Without adequate information regarding their condition and the treatment options, patients cannot exercise the importance of

autonomy

Clients have the right to believe that health care professionals are struggling incessantly on their behalf. This is the application of the principle

beneficence

The two basic principles found to be in conflict in the Tarasoff case were confidentiality and

beneficence

Health care professional groups generally operate under a legal practice act and develop a

code of ethics

The legal principle of a right to privacy is matched to the ethical principle of

confidentiality

In regard to clients and patients, practitioners have a _____ relationship which requires them to act primarily in the best interests of the patient

fiduciary

The ________ requires that healthcare providers refrain from acts or omissions that would foreseebly result in harm to others, especially in cases in which the individuals are particularly vulnerable to the risk

harm principle

Used in cases where patient confidentiality places a vulnerable population or individual at risk; limits the practitioner's obligation to maintain confidentiality

harm principle

A claim that does not create obligations

imperfect obligation

Which of the following is NOT a step in a civil lawsuit?

incarceration

The decision shaping value that provides freedom from constraint is referred as

independence

A research committee set up to examine the protocol design for research to ensure that the research conforms to appropriate standards for humans

institutional review board

Which of the following is NOT a major element of discovery?

investigation

A jury's decision are not put into effect until the judge makes a _____ which is the approval to have the trial's information to be filed in public records

judgment

Distribution of scarce resources requires evaluating the process using the principle of distributive

justice

The principle that most closely associated with concepts of fairness is

justice

Rights in moral philosophy and legal theory are thought as ____claims

justified

Access to the patient's record is limited to those whose functions require the access

legitimate interest

A written violation of a patient's right to privacy that may result in a charge of defamation of character being filed against a health care provider

libel

The type of sanction commonly associated with a lapse in appropriate professional etiquette is

loss of personal respect and fellowship

With regard to health records and legitimate access, which of the following is involved in level three social service

media, insurance, licensing, employment decisions, Civil/criminal judicial review, public health reporting, research, education, law enforcement, and rehabilitation

Which of the following invasion of privacy issues usually deals with the unpermitted use of a person's name or likeness for another's benefit or advantage

misappropriation

What are the two important sources for human motivation?

needs and values

The famous admonition "If you can't do the patient good, at least avoid harm" speaks of two important principles,of beneficence and

non maleficence

A claim that justifies and creates correlative obligations

perfect obligation

A lawsuit begins when a ____files a complaint or petition with the court that addressed the elements of the prima facie case

plaintiff

In legal context, the term ____ is used when an individual acts without the assistance of legal counsel

pro se

The type of sanction commonly associated with a lapse in appropriate legal requirement is

punishment as prescribed by law

The doctrine of ______ means "the thing speaks for itself"

res ipsa loquitur

_____ means "let the master answer"

respondent superior

"Nurses should practice nursing and allied health specialists should only practice within their specialty areas" in an application of what principle

role fidelity

In Maslow's hierarchy of needs, the highest point of development is

self actualization

With regard to health records and legitimate access, which of the following is involved in level two supportive services?

service payer

With regard to health care records and legitimate access, which of the following is involved in level two supportive services

service payer, risk management, and quality care reviews

When courts use the principles developed in earlier similar cases and past decisions to inform and decide current situations they are following what doctrine

stare decisis

All of the following are elements of a torte EXCEPT

the existence of a legal duty owing from plaintiff to defendant

a review of the appropriateness of care and the various types of patient care provided within an institution.

utilization review

The use of placebos is most problematic when you are considering the principle of

veracity

____ is the principle that deals with the need to tell the truth

veracity