Quizzes for Ethics of Health Care
Common legal reporting requirements found in most American jurisdictions include which of the following
-Child abuse -Drug abuse -Communicable disease -Births and Deaths -Injuries with guns or knives -Blood transfusion reactions -Poison and industrial accidents -Misadministration of radioactive materials
Specialty practice acts will vary in emphasis but the majority will address the following
-scope of professional practice -requirements and qualifications for license or certification -penalties and sanctions for unauthorized practices
The theorist whose seminal work provided an easily understood model of needs-based human choices
Abraham Maslow
Paternalism, as practiced by clinicians seems to be most in opposition to the basic principle of
Autonomy
The theorist who holds that females follow a different value development path than males
Carol Gilligan
_____ challenged Lawrence Kohlberg's theory, stating that it failed to take into consideration a separate
Carol Gilligan
When one person has a right, others have obligations to either refrain from hindrance or provide the required goods and services associated with the right
Correlative obligation
For the _____ ethicists, the basic rightness or wrongness of an act depends on the intrinsic nature of the act itself
Duty-oriented
Kantian ethics is a form of _____ reasoning
Duty-oriented
Federal legislation designed to encourage the use of electronic transmission of health information (to assist in cost containment) and provide new safeguards to protect the security and confidentiality of the information
HIPAA
In 1996 Congress enacted the _______ to encourage use of electronic transmission of health information and provide new safeguards to protect the security and confidentiality of the information
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act
A graphic organizer that explains Abraham Maslow's important work
Hierarchy of Needs
One of the foremost theorists in regard to value development is
Jean Piaget
Perhaps the most famous moralized contractarian theory of rights that include the concept of the original position comes from the work of
John Rawls
The "categorical imperative" is part of ____ ethics
Kantian ethics
One of the most foremost theorists in value development
Lawrence Kohlberg
A power, privilege, or immunity guaranteed under a constitution, statutes, or decisional law
Legal right
are concerned with the judgment principles of right and wrong in relation to human actions and character
Morals
The theory that holds that the historical time period in which an individual is born shapes the development of their world view
Morris Massey
Those in society who believe that there are no moral values, no moral knowledge and no responsibilities
Nilhism
The belief that one should,on the basis of doing good for the patient, limit the patient's autonomy
Paternalism
A doctrine used to determine whether an action is morally defensible when it has more than one consequence, usually both favorable and ill
Principle of double effect
If confidentiality is the professional duty, this is the legal right
Privacy
The concept that requires fairness in the processes that resolve disputes and allocate resources
Procedural justice
____ etiquette involves issues such as the need to avoid talking badly about another practitioner, maintenance of appropriate relationships on the work site, or the need to stay within the role boundaries of our specialty
Professional
The doctrine that truth is not an absolute but is relative to the individual or group that holds the belief
Relativism
____ is a form of utilitarianism that holds that an action can be deemed to be right if it conforms to a rule by the principle of utility
Rule utilitarianism
Which generation received its value programming by the events surrounding the Great Depression and World War II
Silent Generation
One of the value cohorts that received its value programming by the events surrounding the Great Depression and World War II
Traditionalists
Principles, personal standards, or qualities considered worthwhile or desirable
Values
When individuals think what they "ought" to do in a particular situation, they are thinking in the world of
Values
From the vantage point of a ______ perspective, the practice of patient confidentiality has been a mainstay of health care practice and forms one of the virtues that one would expect from the "good practitioner"
Virtue ethics
______ is the decision making system that calls for an individual to think about what a good practitioner would do when faced with that decision
Virtue ethics
Specialties including therapists, athletic trainers, and dieticians fall under the umbrella of
allied health
Concern for welfare of others; selflessness
altruism
Assault and battery differ from each other in that ___is committed without physical content such as someone verbally threatening
assault
The basic principle that is most closely associated with the concept of self-determination
autonomy
The principle that is most closely associated with the practice of informed consent is
autonomy
Without adequate information regarding their condition and the treatment options, patients cannot exercise the importance of
autonomy
Clients have the right to believe that health care professionals are struggling incessantly on their behalf. This is the application of the principle
beneficence
The two basic principles found to be in conflict in the Tarasoff case were confidentiality and
beneficence
Health care professional groups generally operate under a legal practice act and develop a
code of ethics
The legal principle of a right to privacy is matched to the ethical principle of
confidentiality
In regard to clients and patients, practitioners have a _____ relationship which requires them to act primarily in the best interests of the patient
fiduciary
The ________ requires that healthcare providers refrain from acts or omissions that would foreseebly result in harm to others, especially in cases in which the individuals are particularly vulnerable to the risk
harm principle
Used in cases where patient confidentiality places a vulnerable population or individual at risk; limits the practitioner's obligation to maintain confidentiality
harm principle
A claim that does not create obligations
imperfect obligation
Which of the following is NOT a step in a civil lawsuit?
incarceration
The decision shaping value that provides freedom from constraint is referred as
independence
A research committee set up to examine the protocol design for research to ensure that the research conforms to appropriate standards for humans
institutional review board
Which of the following is NOT a major element of discovery?
investigation
A jury's decision are not put into effect until the judge makes a _____ which is the approval to have the trial's information to be filed in public records
judgment
Distribution of scarce resources requires evaluating the process using the principle of distributive
justice
The principle that most closely associated with concepts of fairness is
justice
Rights in moral philosophy and legal theory are thought as ____claims
justified
Access to the patient's record is limited to those whose functions require the access
legitimate interest
A written violation of a patient's right to privacy that may result in a charge of defamation of character being filed against a health care provider
libel
The type of sanction commonly associated with a lapse in appropriate professional etiquette is
loss of personal respect and fellowship
With regard to health records and legitimate access, which of the following is involved in level three social service
media, insurance, licensing, employment decisions, Civil/criminal judicial review, public health reporting, research, education, law enforcement, and rehabilitation
Which of the following invasion of privacy issues usually deals with the unpermitted use of a person's name or likeness for another's benefit or advantage
misappropriation
What are the two important sources for human motivation?
needs and values
The famous admonition "If you can't do the patient good, at least avoid harm" speaks of two important principles,of beneficence and
non maleficence
A claim that justifies and creates correlative obligations
perfect obligation
A lawsuit begins when a ____files a complaint or petition with the court that addressed the elements of the prima facie case
plaintiff
In legal context, the term ____ is used when an individual acts without the assistance of legal counsel
pro se
The type of sanction commonly associated with a lapse in appropriate legal requirement is
punishment as prescribed by law
The doctrine of ______ means "the thing speaks for itself"
res ipsa loquitur
_____ means "let the master answer"
respondent superior
"Nurses should practice nursing and allied health specialists should only practice within their specialty areas" in an application of what principle
role fidelity
In Maslow's hierarchy of needs, the highest point of development is
self actualization
With regard to health records and legitimate access, which of the following is involved in level two supportive services?
service payer
With regard to health care records and legitimate access, which of the following is involved in level two supportive services
service payer, risk management, and quality care reviews
When courts use the principles developed in earlier similar cases and past decisions to inform and decide current situations they are following what doctrine
stare decisis
All of the following are elements of a torte EXCEPT
the existence of a legal duty owing from plaintiff to defendant
a review of the appropriateness of care and the various types of patient care provided within an institution.
utilization review
The use of placebos is most problematic when you are considering the principle of
veracity
____ is the principle that deals with the need to tell the truth
veracity
