Quizzes/Ex

What does the nurse consider as an appropriate snack for a 2-year-old child? Popcorn Applesauce Grapes Hot dog sections

Applesauce

Identify the interventions that can be safely used to manage diaper dermatitis. "Select all that apply." Keep skin surface irritants such as urine and stool off skin. Blow dry heat on skin with hair dryer. Use only cloth diapers. Expose skin to air. Apply a skin barrier paste such as zinc oxide.

Apply a skin barrier paste such as zinc oxide. - may include other options that such as: Keep skin surface irritants such as urine and stool off skin. Expose skin to air.

The nurse is caring for an infant whose cleft lip was repaired. This infant's postoperative care includes: A. arm restraints, postural drainage, mouth irrigations. B. cleansing the suture line, supine and side-lying positions, elbow restraints. C. mouth irrigations, prone position, cleansing suture line. D. supine and side-lying positions, postural drainage, wrist restraints

B. cleansing the suture line, supine and side-lying positions, elbow restraints.

Phenylketonuria(PKU) is a genetic disease that results in the body's inability to correctly metabolize: Thyroxine glucose Phenylketones Phenylalanine

Phenylalanine

When caring for their infant, a parent asks you, "Is Emily in a lot of pain? How would you know since she can't really tell you?" The best answer to this question is - "We assess her pain using an infant pain assessment tool and give the medicine as needed." - "The nurses give pain medication before she really feels the pain." - "Although we try to give her medicine before she feels pain, we watch her very closely and use different techniques to help relieve the pain." - "Infants don't feel pain as we do because their pain receptors are not fully developed yet."

"Although we try to give her medicine before she feels pain, we watch her very closely and use different techniques to help relieve the pain."

A 2 year old child's mother is worried hat her little girl may have ADHD because "she has so much energy, doesn't pay attention for long, and is always getting into things." Which response is best? -"Her behavior is normal. She's exploring and learning about the world around her." -Set the time-out for the her -"I'd suggest taking her to a child psychologist. She probably needs an evaluation." -"Keep her intake of sugar to a minimum. This well help her settle down."

"Her behavior is normal. She's exploring and learning about the world around her."

The parent of a toddler tells the nurse, "My daughter's appetite has decreased. Thank goodness she loves to drink milk." What is the most appropriate response by the nurse? "Has your daughter been sick recently?" "How much milk does she drink in a day?" "Have you tried offering her finger foods?" "Has she become a fussy eater, too?"

"How much milk does she drink in a day?"

The nurse is educating a group of preschool parents about the importance of safety. Which statement by a parent indicates the need for further education? "I continue to provide a great deal of indirect supervision for my child." "My stairway is always free of clutter." "Medications are kept in a locked cabinet." "I only leave my child in the car for brief moments."

"I only leave my child in the car for brief moments."

The nurse discusses child-proofing the home for safety with the mother of a 9-month-old. Which statement made by the mother would indicate an unsafe behavior? "In the car, she rides in a front-facing car seat." "There are locks on all of the cabinets in the house." "I put covers on all of the electrical outlets." "I have a gate at the top and bottom of the stairs."

"In the car, she rides in a front-facing car seat."

Parents of a 6-month-old infant ask the nurse why it is necessary to offer iron-rich formula to their child. What is the correct response? "The infant has limited ability to produce red blood cells." "The infant has ineffective digestive enzymes." "The infant has need of the iron to support dentition." "The infant has exhausted maternal iron stores."

"The infant has exhausted maternal iron stores."

What are the nursing care for cleft lip and palate before and after surgery?

*Pre-Op: parents may be taught to use alternative feeding systems (ie. syringes) consent child be off of the bottle and drinking from an open/sippy cup assessment, feedings vital signs patient/parent education -- what to expect, feedings post-surgery, post-op care, etc. *Post-Op: protecting site from infection - cleansing suture lines assess for signs of infection -- purulent drainage, fever, redness, swelling petroleum jelly on operative site for several days after surgery elbow restraints to prevent infant from rubbing/disturbing suture line remove restraints periodically to cuddle the infant and promote bonding syringe feedings for 7-10 days pain management -- analgesia Resume feedings as tolerated upright or infant seat position avoid use of suction or other objects in the mouth older children: soft/blended diet, no hard items *Long-term care: speech therapy orthodontic appliances adequate oral hygiene - proper brushing habits building a healthy personality and self-esteem -- group therapies available

You are rotating in the newborn nursery. Your next admission is a term newborn born at 3.5 kg, and all maternal labs are negative. The infant's exam is normal. 1. What vaccine(s) should she receive and why? 2. What would you do if the mother tested positive for Hepatitis B? 3. What would you do if the mother's Hepatitis B status was unknown?

1. Hep B vaccine is given to reduce the risk of getting it from the mother/family members; hep b vaccine would reduce the risk of acquiring liver disease and cancer. 2. If the mother is positive, the infant is to receive the hep B vaccine and an immunoglobulin (HGIB) within 12 hours of birth. 3. For mothers with an unknown status, the infant would receive the hep B vaccine in addition to the immunoglobulin within 12 hours of birth.

A 2 year old child is showing signs of shock. A 10 mL/kg bolus of normal saline solution is ordered. The child weighs 20kg. How many mL should be administered? A. 20 ml B. 100 ml C. 200 ml D. 2000 ml

200 ml

The nurse is checking for capillary refill on a school aged kid in Bryant's traction. How long does it take for the toe to regain color if adequate perfusion is assessed? 5 seconds 6 seconds 4 seconds 3 seconds

3 seconds

A 6 y/o arrives in the ER reporting dizziness and collapses before he can be taken into an examination room. Prioritize in ascending chronological order the steps to take during initial intervention. Use all options: 1. Give two rescue breaths 2. Check carotid pulse 3. Establish unresponsiveness and call for help 4. Begin chest compressions 5. Tilt the child's head back to open up the airway

3, 2, 4, 5, 1

The nurse observes that a 2-year-old is able to use a spoon steadily at mealtime. What does self-feeding help to develop in the toddler? Good nutrition A sense of independence Adequate height and weight Healthy teeth

A sense of independence

During observation of a child who has undergone cardiac catherization, the nurse notes significant bleeding from the percutaneous femoral catherization site. Which action should be taken first? A. Apply direct, continuous pressure. B. Assess the pulse and blood pressure. C. Seek the assistance of a RN. D. Check the pulses in the affected leg.

A. Apply direct, continuous pressure. Bleeding from a major vessel must be stopped immediately to prevent massive hemorrhage (A-B-C). Vital signs should be taken after bleeding control measures are instituted. Calling for help is important but pressure on the site must be applied and maintained while help is found. Pulses would be checked after bleeding is controlled.

A premature newborn requires oxygen and mechanical ventilation. Which complications could arise? A. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia, pneumothorax B. Anemia, necrotizing enterocolitis C. Cerebral palsy, persistent patent ductus D. Congestive heart failure, cerebral edema

A. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia, pneumothorax

A 3 year old child has a high red blood cell count and polycythemia. In planning care, the nurse would anticipate which goal to help prevent blood clot formation? A. The child won't show signs of dehydration B. The child won't have signs of dyspnea. C. The child will be pain free. D. The child will attain the 40th percentile of weight for his age

A. The child won't show signs of dehydration When dehydration occurs, blood is thicker and more prone to clotting. Dyspnea is a sign of hypoxia. Pain would be an indicator of nutritional status, not the risk of embolism. Weight gain wouldn't affect blood clot formation

What is the best choice for fluid replacement that the nurse can offer a child who has just had a tonsillectomy? A. a green popsicle B. chocolate milk C. orange juice D. cola drink

A. a green popsicle

The nurse recognizes that intubation and mechanical ventilation are indicated for a patient in status asthmaticus when: A. decrease LOC and SpO2 of 85% develop B. forced vital capacity >75% C. patient has a nasal flare D. pulsus paradoxus is >40mmHg

A. decrease LOC and SpO2 of 85% develop

Which finding would be considered abnormal when performing a physical assessment on 6-month-old infant? Birth weight has doubled Lower incisors have begun to erupt Posterior fontanel is closed Anterior Fontanel is closed

Anterior Fontanel is closed

A parent is concerned because her infant has a diaper rash. What is the best action the nurse would advise the parent to implement? Keep the diaper area covered all of the time. Use commercial diaper wipes to clean the area. Change the infant's diaper less frequently. Apply Zinc oxide and Vitamin A+D on the area.

Apply Zinc oxide and Vitamin A+D on the area.

The nurse is planning a safety program for high school students. To what will the nurse relay that most accidental deaths in adolescence are related? Firearms Diving injuries Automobiles Drowning

Automobiles

A nurse is assessing a premature newborn for the possibility of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). Which assessment findings should the nurse expect to find if NEC is confirmed? (Select all that apply.) A. Minimal gastric residual B. Abdominal distention C. Apnea and bradycardia D. Urinary output at 2 ml/kg/hr E. Unstable temperature

B. Abdominal distention C. Apnea and bradycardia E. Unstable temperature

Which nursing intervention is most appropriate when caring for a child in the immediate femoral postcatherization phase? A. Elevate the head of the bed 45 degrees B. Encourage the child to remain flat C. Assess vital signs every 2 to 4 hours D. Replace a bloody groin dressing with a new dressing

B. Encourage the child to remain flat During recovery, the child should remain flat in bed, keeping the punctured leg straight for the prescribed time. The child should avoid raising the head, sitting, straining the abdomen, or coughing. Vital signs are taken every 15 minutes until the child is awake and stable, then every half hour, and then hourly as ordered. If bleeding occurs at the insertion site, the nurse should reinforce the dressing and monitor for changes.

A child with heart failure is given captopril. The nurse should educate the child's parents on which action of captopril? A. It increases vasoconstriction B. It increases sodium excretion. C. It decreases sodium excretion. D. It increases vascular resistance.

B. It increases sodium excretion. ACE inhibitors (pril) block the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II in the lungs and kidneys.. This causes decreased aldosterone, vasodilation, and increased sodium excretion. As a vasodilator, it also acts to reduce vascular resistance by the manipulation of afterload.

A teenager with heart failure who has been prescribed digoxin asks the nurse, "What's the drug supposed to do?" The nurse responds to the teenager based on the understanding that this drug is classified as: A. angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor B. cardiac glycoside C. loop diuretic D. vasodilator

B. cardiac glycoside Digoxin is a cardiac glycoside. It decreases the workload of the heart and improves myocardial function. ACE inhibitors cause vasodilation and increase sodium excretion. Diuretics help remove excess fluid. Vasodilators enhance cardiac output by decreasing afterload.

A nurse-manager appropriately behaves an an autocrat in which situation? A. planning vacation time for staff B. directing staff activities if a client has cardiac arrest C. evaluating a new medication administration process D. identifying the strengths and weaknesses of a client education video

B. directing staff activities if a client has cardiac arrest In a crisis situation, the nurse manager should take command for the benefit of the client. Planning vacation time and evaluating procedures and client resources should involve a more democratic or participative manager.

The mother of a 6 month old infant with a topic dermatitis asks for advice on bathing the child. Which instructions or information should the nurse give to her? Use bubble baths to decrease itching Bath the infant every other day The frequency of the infant's baths isn't important in atopic dermatitis. Bathe the infant twice daily

Bath the infant every other day

Which intervention is most appropriate when caring for an infant with heart failure? A. Limit fluid intake B. Avoid using infant seats C. Cluster nursing activities D. Place the infant prone or supine

C. Cluster nursing activities Infants are not place on fluid restrictions. Energy expenditures need to be limited to reduce metabolic and oxygen needs. Nursing care should be clustered, followed by long periods of undisturbed rest. Fluids may be restricted in older children, but infants' nutritional requirements depend on fluid needs. Infants should be placed in the semi-fowlers or upright position. Infant seats help to maintain an upright position. This facilitates lung expansion, provides less restrictive moment on the diaphragm, relives pressures from abdominal organs, and decreases pulmonary congestion

Which behavior should the nurse expect a two-year-old child to exhibit? A. Build a house with blocks. B. Ride a tricycle. C. Display possessiveness of toys. D. Look at a picture book for 15 min.

C. Display possessiveness of toys.

A child is scheduled for echocardiography. The nurse is providing education to the child's mother. Which statement about echocardiography indicated the need for further instruction? A. I'm glad my child won't have an IV inserted for this procedure. B. I'm glad my child won't need to have dye injected before the procedure. C. How am I ever going to explain to my son that he can't have anything to eat before this test? D. I know my child may need to lie on his left side and breathe in and out slowly during the procedure.

C. How am I ever going to explain to my son that he can't have anything to eat before this test? Echocardiography is a noninvasive procedure used to evaluate the size, shape, and motion of various cardiac structure. Therefore, it isn't necessary for the child to have an IV catheter, or restrictions such as nothing by mouth, as would be the case with a cardiac catherization. The child may need to lie on his left side and inhale and exhale slowly during the procedure.

During family education regarding coarctation of the aorta, which statement should be included that best describes the condition? A. Absent tricuspid valve B. Narrowing in the area of the aortic valve C. Localized constriction or narrowing of the aortic wall D. Narrowing at some location along the right ventricular outflow tract

C. Localized constriction or narrowing of the aortic wall Coarctation of the aorta consists of a localized constriction or narrowing of the aortic wall. Tricuspid artesia is characterized by an absent tricuspid valve. Aortic stenosis is a narrowing in the area of the aortic valve. Pulmonary stenosis consists of a narrowing along the right ventricular outflow tract.

The mother of a 2 ½ year old has planned a play date with another 2 year old. She should expect that they would: A. Share and trade their toys while playing B. Play together with little conflict C. Play alongside each other but not actively together D. Only play with one or two toys at a time

C. Play alongside each other but not actively together

During the first few days after surgery for cleft lip, which intervention should the nurse do? A. Leave infant in crib at all times to prevent suture strain. B. Keep infant heavily sedated to prevent suture strain. C. Remove restraints periodically to cuddle infant. D.Alternate position from prone to side-lying to supine

C. Remove restraints periodically to cuddle infant.

The parent of child with asthma asks the nurse about the condition. Which description of asthma would be most accurate? A. chronic lung disease caused by damage to the alveoli B. infection of the lower airway, most commonly caused by a viral agent C. disease of the airway characterized by constriction of the bronchi D. inflammation of the pulmonary parenchyma

C. disease of the airway characterized by constriction of the bronchi

A 6 month old infant with uncorrected tetralogy of fallot suddenly becomes increasingly cynatoic and diaphoretic with weak peripheral pulses and an increased respiratory rate. A. administer O2 B. administer morphine C. place infant in a knee-chest position D. place infant in fowlers position

C. place infant in a knee-chest position The knee chest position reduces the work load of the heart by increasing the blood return to the heart and keeping the blood flow more centralized..Oxygen should be administered quickly but only after placing the infant in the knee-chest position.. Morphine should not be administered until after positioning and oxygen administration. Fowler's position would improve the outcome.

You are admitting a 13 y/o patient with a hx of asthma to the hospital with complication of acute respiratory distress. What s/s makes you notify that your patient needs immediate attention? A. RR 26 B. peak expiratory flow rate of 240 ml/min C. stridor and wheezing D. 96% SpO2

C. stridor and wheezing

A child with a ventricular septal repair is receiving dopamine postop. The nurse should educate the child's parents that this medication is most likely to be given for which action? A. to decrease the heart rate B. to decrease the urine output C. to increase cardiac output D. to decrease cardiac contractility

C. to increase cardiac output Dopamine stimulates beta-1 and beta-2 receptors. It's a selective cardiac stimulation that increases cardiac out put, heart rate, and contractility. Urine output will increase is response to dilation of the blood vessels to the mesentery and kidneys,

Which condition may lead to sinus arrest or sinus pause in a child? A. hypokalemia B. hyperthermia C. valsalva maneuver D. decreased intracranial pressure

C. valsalva maneuver Sinus arrest may occur in children when vagal tone is increased, such as during valslva maneuver, vomiting, gagging, or straining during a bowel movement. This condition involves a fatigue of the SA node to generate an impulse. Hyperkalemia, not hypokalemia. Hypothermia, not hyperthermia, and increased rather than decreased cranial pressure are pathologic conditions that may also produce sinus pause.

The home health nurse discovers a family infected with pediculosis. What information can the nurse provide to the mother to start eradication of the lice? Shampoo the hair with dish detergent. Apply a soda-vinegar solution to the hair. Cover the hair with Vaseline. Comb through the hair with a NIX shampoo

Comb through the hair with a NIX shampoo

What activity would the nurse choose to meet Erikson's developmental task of industry when caring for a 7-year-old? Completing a 20-piece jigsaw puzzle Coloring a picture in a coloring book Playing a game of "I Spy" with the nurse Looking at a comic book

Completing a 20-piece jigsaw puzzle

Which stage of cognitive development is a 9-year-old child in according to Piaget? Preoperational Concrete operations Sensorimotor Formal operations

Concrete operations

A neonate with a patent ductus arteriosus was delivered 6 hours earlier and is being held by his mother. As the nurse enters the room to assess the neonate's vital signs, the mother says "The physician says that my baby has a heart murmur. Does that mean he has a bad heart?" Which response by the nurse would be most appropriate? A. He'll need more test to determine his heart condition. B. He'll require oxygen therapy at home for a while. C. He'll be fine. Don't worry about him. D. The murmur is caused by the natural opening, which can take a day or two to close. It's a normal part of your baby's transition.

D The murmur is caused by the natural opening, which can take a day or two to close. It's a normal part of your baby's transition. Although the nurse may want to tell the mother not to worry, the most appropriate response would be to explain the neonate's present condition, to reliever her, and to acknowledge an awareness of the condition. A neonate's vascular system changes with birth: certain factors help to reverse the flow of blood through the ductus and ultimately favor it's closure. This closure typically begins within the first 24 hours after birth and ends within a few days after birth. The other responses aren't appropriate.

Which finding would be considered abnormal when performing a physical assessment on a 6-month-old infant? A. Posterior fontanel is closed B. Lower incisors have begun to erupt C. Birth weight has doubled D. Anterior fontanel is closed

D. Anterior fontanel is closed

Which is an important nursing consideration in preventing the complications of congenital hypothyroidism (CH)? A. Assess for family history of CH. B. Assess mother for signs of hypothyroidism. C. Be certain appropriate screening is done prenatally. D. Be certain appropriate screening is done on newborn.

D. Be certain appropriate screening is done on newborn

A mother is taught to administer digoxin to her 6 month old infant at home. Which statement by the mother indicated the need for additional education? A. I'll count the baby's pulse before every dose. B. I'll make sure the pulse is regular before every dose. C. I'll measure the dose carefully. D. I'll withhold the medication if the pulse is below 60.

D. I'll withhold the medication if the pulse is below 60. A pulse rate under 60 BPM is an indication for withhold digoxin from an adult. For infant pulse it is a rate below 90 BPM.

The mother of a 1-month-old infant tells the nurse she worries that her baby will get meningitis like her oldest son did when he was an infant. The nurse should base her response on which statement? A. Meningitis rarely occurs during infancy. B. Often a genetic predisposition to meningitis is found. C. Meningitis does not transfer by droplets D. Vaccination to prevent Haemophilus influenzae type B meningitis has decreased the frequency of this disease in children.

D. Vaccination to prevent Haemophilus influenzae type B meningitis has decreased the frequency of this disease in children.

The nurse is admitting a young child to the hospital because bacterial meningitis is suspected. What is the major priority of nursing care? A. give the patient SABA B. administer sedatives and analgesics on a preventive schedule to manage pain C. set the cool mist for patient D. administer antibiotic therapy as soon as it's ordered

D. administer antibiotic therapy as soon as it's ordered

You are caring for a child with epiglottitis. On assessment of the child, what would indicate to you that the child is experiencing airway obstruction? A. child coughing B. child has a low-grade fever and complains of a sore throat C. child is leaning backwards and supporting himself with his hands and arms D. child is leaning forwards with the chin thrust out

D. child is leaning forwards with the chin thrust out

When caring for the child with Reye syndrome, what is the priority nursing intervention? A. prevent skin breakdown B. do ROM exercises C. observe for petechiae D. monitor I&Os

D. monitor I&Os

What would be the most common adverse reaction a nurse might observe after administering enteric-coated erythromycin? A. weight gain B. constipation C. increased appetite D. nausea and vomiting

D. nausea and vomiting Erythromycin is an antibacterial antibiotic. Common adverse effects include N&V, anorexia, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. It should be given with a full glass of water after meals or with food to lessen GI symptoms

You are caring for a child with croup that has to be in a cool mist tent. What action would you need to take if the child became frightened and began crying consistently? A. give the child a toy to play with in the tent B. have the mother make the child stay in the tent C. notify the physician and get an order for sedation D. place the child in mom's lap and direct cool mist over the child's face

D. place the child in mom's lap and direct cool mist over the child's face

A child receives prednisone after a heart transplant. Which adverse reaction to prednisone would a nurse monitor for in this child? A. weight loss B. hyperprexia C. anorexia D. poor wound healing

D. poor wound healing Common reactions include poor wound healing, weight gain, delayed temperature response, increased appetite, delayed sexual maturation, growth impairment, and a cushingoid appearance. The school age child who has received prednisone is usually overweight and has a moon shaped face.

Priority nursing considerations for a child with pneumonia are: A. impaired skin integrity B. knowledge deficit C. fluid overload D. respiratory compromise

D. respiratory compromise

A 9-year-old child in the emergency department is diagnosed with Lyme disease. The nurseanticipates that the health care personnel orders will include the administration of: Aqueous penicillin Doxycycline Cefotaxime Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole

Doxycycline

Which one(s) are the sign and symptom of esophageal-atresia? Difficult in breathing since birth. All of the above. Bluish after each feed attempt since birth. Excessive Salivation since birth. Coughing after immediate (1st) feeding.

Excessive Salivation since birth. - may include the rest of the list as well....confusion

Pain scales for infants and their uses include but are not limited to - Non-Communicating Children's Pain Checklist (NCCPC): Parent and health care giver questionnaire assessing acute and chronic pain - CRIES: Crying, Requiring increased oxygen, Inability to console, Expression, and Sleeplessness - FLACC Pain Assessment Tool: Facial expression, Leg movement, Activity, Cry, and Consolability - Neonatal Pain, Agitation, and Sedation Scale (NPASS): For infants from 3 to 6 months old

FLACC Pain Assessment Tool: Facial expression, Leg movement, Activity, Cry, and Consolability

Which childhood vaccine provides some protection against bacterial meningitis, influenza type B, epiglottitis, and bacterial pneumonia? Hepatitis B vaccine Hib vaccine Influenza vaccine Varicella vaccine

Hib vaccine

Which developmental milestones would the nurse expect a 10 month old infant to display during a routine health maintenance visit? "Select all that apply." Self-feeding Sitting on a firm surface without support Walking alone Demonstrating good bowel and bladder control Hold his head up

Hold his head up

While working at a clinic in, a pediatrician is assisting in examining patients who come for treatment. A 3-year-old boy, is brought to the clinic with a facial rash. According to mother, the rash started 4 days ago as little red bumps below his nose. The rash has spread around his mouth and chin. The rash also has changed in appearance to flat, straw colored with fluid-filled pustules. What is your diagnosis? Impetigo Mumps Varicella Roseola

Impetigo

When teaching a 6-year-old child with sickle cell disease and his family about pain management, which of the following should the nurse discuss? Nonpharmacologic methods of pain relief, including heat, massage, physical therapy, humor, and distraction. None of the above. Long-term medication use considers many factors. When pain medications are used, all pain will be eliminated.

Nonpharmacologic methods of pain relief, including heat, massage, physical therapy, humor, and distraction.

What could the nurse recommend to a child's mother to encourage a toddler to practice independence? Offer a variety of items to choose from to stimulate his mind. Offer him a choice between two items. Set the routine herself, but discuss with her toddler how he or she would have done it differently. Allow the child to determine his own daily routine.

Offer him a choice between two items.

What is the treatment plan for Scabies? Zinc oxide Lindane Permethrin 5% Permethrin 1%

Permethrin 5%

Which childhood vaccine provides protection against streptococcal infections, such as otitis media, sinusitis, and pneumonia? MMR vaccine Hib vaccine Pneumococcal vaccine Rotavirus vaccine

Pneumococcal vaccine

Which of the following condition you will see in premature baby? Mature GI system all of the above Immature immunity(infection) Poor thermal regulation

Poor thermal regulation

What are the pre-up and post-up care for spina bifida?

Pre-op place in incubator/warmer for temperature stability keep clothes off sac to avoid irritation frequently moisten sterile gauze, place over sac change dressings frequently (q2-4hrs) inspect sac for leaks, abrasions, irritation carefully clean sac if it becomes soiled/contaminated observe for signs of infection -- temperature instability, irritability, lethargy, redness, swelling observe for signs of increased intracranial pressure -- hydrocephalus keep in a prone position to minimize tension on the sac and risk for trauma consent no pressure over the affected area prepare antibiotics and IV fluids latex precautions do not work with legs due to sensitivity Post-op prone for 7 days then on sides foley progresses to intermittent catheterizing observe for leaks protect the incision from stool and urine administer antibiotics daily HOC and weekly head ultrasounds medications - Urecholine to reduce urinary retention and Colace to soften the stool monitoring vital signs, intake and output providing nourishment observing for signs of infection pain management care of operative site per MD orders if permitted, infant can be held upright against the body with care taken to avoid pressure on the operative site feedings may resume once anesthesia has worn off unless otherwise indicated

The nurse is assessing a 1-year-old infant in the pediatric office. What finding should the nurse report to the physician immediately? Pulse rate of 100 beats per minute Respiratory rate of 60 breaths per minute Fussy behavior Minimal verbalization

Respiratory rate of 60 breaths per minute

An 8-year-old boy presented to the ED with several days of fever, malaise and a diffuse rash. The rash started on the face, then nearly resolved before spreading to the rest of the body. His history was otherwise unremarkable, and he denied ever having a similar rash. His immunizations were up to date. He denied any past medical history or chronic medication use. His parents had been giving him ibuprofen and acetaminophen for symptomatic relief. What is your diagnosis? Rubella Rubeola Varicella Fifth disease

Rubella

Which one is the treatment plan for Seborrheic dermatitis? Use Permethrin 1%. Use Nix shampoo. Shampoo with salicylic acid everyday. Nothing is needed to be done.

Shampoo with salicylic acid everyday.

The recommended treatment for cow's milk protein allergy is the substitution of cow's milk-based formula for: Evaporated milk Goat's milk Soy milk or a hydrolyzed formula Whole milk

Soy milk or a hydrolyzed formula

The nurse is advising parents of a 10-year-old boy about the most developmentally supportive experiences for their son. What is the best experience for this child according to Erikson's theory? Constant variety of activities Having a girlfriend Successful performance in Little League Feeling healthy and strong

Successful performance in Little League

The mother of a 12 month old infant expresses concern about the effect of frequent thumb sucking on her child's teeth. After the nurse educates her about this matter, which response by the mother indicates that the education has been effective? Thumb sucking should be discouraged at 12 months. I'll wrap the thumb in a bandage. I'll give the baby a pacifier instead Sucking is soothing to the baby

Sucking is soothing to the baby

Which factors are considered protective factors for sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)? Prone sleeping position, exposure to maternal tobacco use, updated childhood immunization status. Supine sleeping position, breastfeeding, soft bedding. Supine sleeping position, breastfeeding, updated childhood immunization status. Side sleeping position, breastfeeding, updated childhood immunization status.

Supine sleeping position, breastfeeding, updated childhood immunization status.

Which vaccine do the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (Centers for DiseaseControl and Prevention) and American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists recommendthat pregnant adolescents and women who are not protected against pertussis receive optimallybetween 27 and 36 weeks gestation or postpartum prior to discharge from the hospital? Td DTaP Tdap IPV

Tdap

On a home visit, the nurse notes that the parents require teaching intervention to protect the 15-month-old child who lives there. What observation would lead the nurse to this conclusion? The dining room table has a tablecloth on it. The fireplace has a screen. The kitchen floor is clean but not shiny. There are paintings on the wall.

The dining room table has a tablecloth on it.

T/F Barlow and Ortolani are rarely positive after 3 months of age.

True

A 7-year-old child has come to the hospital for a rash for 3 days. Upon inspection of the rash the nurse notes small itchy blisters across the child's chest, arms, abdomen, and back, some of which have crusts on them and some that are wet and oozing. The child is itching the rash and looks uncomfortable. The child has a temperature of 101°F, all other vital signs are within normal limits. What is your diagnosis? Roseola Erythema Infectiosum Varicella Measles

Varicella

An infant born at 8lbs 2 ounces weighs 13 lbs at the 6-month check-up. the RN explains to the parent that: This is appropriate for the age. The baby is overweight and should feed less often. We would expect the baby to weigh about 24lbs by this time. We should review the baby's diet to see if we can boost his weight.

We should review the baby's diet to see if we can boost his weight.

The Salter-Harris classification system of fractures is used to describe: a. Breaks that involve the epiphysis b. Compound fractures c. Non-displaced fractures d. Stress fractures

a. Breaks that involve the epiphysis

Select the statement that is TRUE regarding childhood fractures. a. Children's bones contain less collagen than the bones of an adult b. Children require longer periods of immobilization than adults c. Intra-articular fractures can result in early osteo-arthritis d. Trauma is the third leading cause of death in children

a. Children's bones contain less collagen than the bones of an adult

The RN is teaching a mom about the development of a newborn diagnosed with OI. Which developmental milestone is a predictor of the potential for ambulation? a. Independent sitting by age 10 months b. Toilet training by age 18 months c. Feeding self with a utensil by age 14 months Turning over independently by age 6 months

a. Independent sitting by age 10 months

What will the nurse teach the child with cystic fibrosis to take in order to facilitate digestion and absorption of nutrients? a. Pancreatic enzymes b. Water-soluble minerals c. Fat-soluble vitamins d. Salt supplements

a. Pancreatic enzymes

The assessment that would lead the nurse to suspect that a newborn infant has a ventricular septal defect is: a. a loud, harsh murmur with a systolic tremor. b. cyanosis when crying. c. blood pressure higher in the arms than in the legs. d. a machinery-like murmur.

a. a loud, harsh murmur with a systolic tremor.

The parents of a 3-month-old infant with cystic fibrosis (CF) want to know how their child got this disease, because no one in either of their families has CF. What is the nurse's best response based on the understanding of CF? a. Only one parent carries the CF gene. b. Both parents are carriers of the CF gene. c. The inheritance pattern is multifactorial. d. The result is probably a genetic mutation.

b. Both parents are carriers of the CF gene.

What will the nurse tell parents of a child with a positive throat culture for group A hemolytic streptococcus that the treatment is most likely to be? a. Acetaminophen and plenty of fluids b. Oral penicillin for 10 days c. Penicillin until his sore throat is gone d. Streptococcus immunization

b. Oral penicillin for 10 days

A 2-week-old infant is referred for a hip clunk. Examination demonstrates a right hip Ortolani sign. What treatment does the RN anticipate? a. Observation with repeat check-up in 1 month b. Pavlik harness application c. Closed reduction and spica casting d. Open reduction

b. Pavlik harness application

Which statement indicates that the child's parents understand how to perform respiratory therapy? a. "We do her postural drainage before the aerosol therapy." b. "We give her respiratory treatments when she is coughing a lot." c. "We give the aerosol followed by postural drainage before meals." d. "She needs respiratory therapy every day when she has an infection."

c. "We give the aerosol followed by postural drainage before meals."

Which case would most warrant a report of potential child abuse? a. A dislocated elbow in a 5 y/o reported to have been pulled by the hand when running toward the street b. A subdural hematoma in a 9 y/p reported to have fallen backward off a skateboard c. A femur fracture in an 8 mo old who was reported to have fallen off the bed d. A partial thickness burn on the face and chest of a 4 y/o reported to have pulled a pot off the stove

c. A femur fracture in an 8 mo old who was reported to have fallen off the bed

While counseling a parent about the treatment plan for an infant with congenital clubfoot, the nurse explains that: a. All babies with this condition need surgery to correct the misalignment b. Surgery is needed if the child does not grow out of the condition c. Casting is the first step, with a new cast every week for about 3 months d. Tendon lengthening is necessary to ensure ambulation

c. Casting is the first step, with a new cast every week for about 3 months

What classic sign would the nurse, auscultating the breath sounds of a child hospitalized for an acute asthma attack, expect to find? a. Fine crackles b. Coarse rhonchi c. Expiratory wheezing d. Decreased breath sounds at lung bases

c. Expiratory wheezing

The RN is doing discharge teaching with the parents of an infant with the Pavlik harness. What information is essential for the nurse to convey? a. Absolutely no padding should be used between the harness and the skin b. The child must wear the harness on a 2-hour on and 2-hour off schedule c. The harness strap should be placed at the nipple line d. Neurologic assessments should be performed every 8-10 hours

c. The harness strap should be placed at the nipple line

The teaching plan for the use of a dry powder inhaler for the treatment of asthma should include the warning to rinse the mouth after inhaling the powder. What does this prevent? a. Discoloration of tooth enamel b. Halitosis c. Irritation of oral membranes d. Candidiasis

d. Candidiasis

Which is the most appropriate nursing action when planning care for a child with cystic fibrosis? a. Provide chest physiotherapy before meals every day. b. Assess weight monthly. c. Administer pancrease with protein food at mealtime. d. Ensure high-protein, high-calorie diet.

d. Ensure high-protein, high-calorie diet.

A teen with moderate scoliosis asks how long she needs to wear the brace before her back will become straight. The nurse's best response is: a. The brace is worn 23 hours/day for a year to straighten the spine b. The doctor will determine how long it will take based on your history c. There is no way to tell how long it takes, but we will monitor you d. The brace doesn't straighten the spine, it only slows progression of the curve

d. The brace doesn't straighten the spine, it only slows progression of the curve

macule

flat, distinct, discolored area of skin

bulla

large blisters on the skin that are filled with clear fluid

Vesicle

small fluid-filled blister on skin <0.5 cm

Papule

solid or cystic raised spot on the skin that is less than 1 cm wide