Radiographic Positioning of the Hand and Wrist

pa hand

which essential projection requires the center ray to be centered to the third MCP joint?

tangential

which projection is the only projection that shows the hook of the hammate?

extension lateral

which projection of the hand would result in a PA projection of the thmb?

pa oblique hand (lateral rotation)

IR- 10 x 12 Part Position- elbow flexed 90 degrees; axilla in contact with IR; forearm on table; rotate palm away from IR until MCP joint forms 45 degree angle; support digits extended on sponge or parallel to IR; MCP joints in center of IR CR- perpendicular to 3rd MCP joint Collimation- 1" on all sides, including 1" proximal to lnar styloid

pa hand

IR- 10 x 12 Part Position- elbow flexed 90 degrees; axilla in contrast with IR; palmar surface on IR; forearm on table; extand and separate digits to prevent soft tissue overlap; center third MCP joint to IR CR- perpendiclar to 3rd MCP joint Collimation- 1" on all sides, including 1" proximal to ulnar styloid

extension lateral hand

IR- 10 x 12 Part Position- forearm on table with elbow flexed 90 degrees; hand on medial surface (thumb side up; lateromedial projection); radial and ulnar styloids superimposed; palmar surface perpendicular to IR; extend digits 2 to 5; first digit abducted to right angle to palm; MCP joints centered to IR CR- perpendicular to 2nd MCP joint Collimation- 1" on all sides, including 1" proximal to ulnar styloid

fan lateral hand

IR- 10 x 12 Part Position- forearm on table with elbow flexed 90 degrees; hand resting on medial surface (thumb side up; lateromedial projection); radial and ulnar styloids superimposed; palmar surface perpendicular to IR; fan digits with phalanges individually separated; MCP joints centered to IR CR- perpendicular to 2nd MCP joint Colimation- 1" on all sides, including 1" proximal to ulnar styloid

tangential wrist

IR- 10 x 12 Part Position- forearm resting on table an aligned parallel with long axis of table; hyperextended wrist to place long axis of hand as vertical as possible; center IR to joint at level of radial styloid; grasp digits with opposite hand to maintian extended position; rotate hand slightly toward radial side CR- angled 25 to 30 degrees toward palm of hand (elbow) and enters approx. 1" distal to the base of the third metacarpal Collimation- 1" on the three sides of the shadow of the wrist

ulnar deviation

IR- 10 x 12 Part Position- pper extremity resting on table (aillary in contact) to place entire upper extremity in same plane; elbow flexed 90 degrees; wrist placed in center of IR; flexed digits slightly to place wrist closer to IR; without moving the forearm, turn the hand outward until the wrist is in extreme ulnar deviation CR- perpendiclar to mid-carpal area/ wrist joint or 10 to 15 degrees proximally or distally Collimation- 2.5" proximal and distal to wrist joint and 1" on each side

pa wrist

IR- 10 x 12 Part Position- upper extremity on table. position entire upper extremity in the same plane; elbow flexed 90 degrees; wrist placed in center of IR; flex digits slightly to place wrist closer to IR CR- perpendicular to mid-carpal area/ wrist joint Collimation- 2.5" proximal and distal to wrist joint and 1" on each side

lateral wrist

IR- 10 x 12 Part Position- upper extremity on table; position entire pper extremity in the sam plane; elbow flexed 90 degrees; forearm and wrist resting on medial surface (lateromedial projection); radial and ulnar styloid superimposed and perpendicular to IR CR- perpendicular to mid-carpal area/ wrist joint Collimation- 2.5" proximal and distal to wrist joint and 1" on each side

pa oblique wrist

IR- 10 x 12 Part Position- upper extremity positioned as described for previous wrist projections; from pronated position, rotate palmar surface away from IR until wrist forms 45-degree angle with IR; support wrist with 45-degree angle with IR CR- perpendicular to mid-carpal area/ wrist joint Collimation- 2.5" proximal and distal to wrist joint and 1" on each side

radial deviation wrist

IR- 10 x 12 Part Position- upper extremity resting on table (axillary in contact) to place entire pper extremeity in same plane; elbows flexed at 90 degrees; wrist is placed at the center of the IR; flexed digits slightly to place wrist closer to IR; without moving the forearm turn the hand inward until wrist is in extree radial deviation CR- perpendicular to mid-carpal area/ wrist joint Collimation- 2.5" proximal and distal to wrist joint and 1" on both sides

ap oblique wrist

IR- 10 x 12 Part Position- upper extremity resting on table (axillary in contact) to place entire upper extremity in same plane; rest posterior surface of forearm on the table; wrist placed in center of IR; rotate the wrist medially until coronal plane forms 45 degree to IR CR- perpendicular to mid-carpal area/ wrist joint or 10-15 degrees proximally or distally Collimation- 2.5" proximal and distal to wrist joint and 1" on both sides

pa axial wrist

IR- 10 x 12 Part Position- upper extremity resting on table (axillary in contact) to place entire upper extremity in same plane; wrist placed in center of IR; adjust IR so that finger end is elevated 20 degrees on support; may also place wrist in ulnar deviation for this projection CR- perpendicular to table and enters at scaphoid or angled 20 degrees toward the elbow is IR is not elevated COllimation- 2.5" proximal and distal to wrist joint and 1" on both sides

stetcher method

another name for pa axial wrist

gaynor hart method

another name for tangential wrist

2.5 inches

how far proximal and distal to the wrist joint should the collimation extend for the pa projection of the wrist?

ulnar styloid

the collimation for the pa projection of the hand extends 1" on all sides of the hand, including 1" proximal to the _________.

ap oblique, radial deviation, pa axial, tangential, lateral

what are the non-routine positioning of the wrist?

pa, pa oblique, lateral, ulnar deviation

what are the routine positionings for the wrist?

pa, pa oblique, later (fan and extension)

what are the routine positionings of the hand?