RECITE Introducing Psychology

If a researcher varies the loudness of music in a factory to observe its effect on the rate of productivity of the employees, the dependent variable is the:

rate of productivity

The functionalists , under the direction of William James, admired the work of ________, who is well-known for his evolutionary theory of natural selection.

Charles Darwin

You are interviewing a new member of the psychology department for the university newspaper. The faculty member states, "Many times, people are unaware of the unconscious motivations that drive their overt actions." This faculty member's views are most similar to the views held by:

Sigmund Freud

Michael is having problems relating to other people because he is exhibiting delusions (false beliefs) and hallucinations. Michael would most likely seek help from

a clinical psychologist

Which of the following techniques is most likely to prove useful in determining why one particular child is afraid to go to school?

case study

The experimental procedure in which both the experimenter and subject are unaware of who is in the experimental and who is in the control group is referred to as the:

double-bline procedure

Which of the following statements is least likely to be made by a humanist?

the behavior of humans tends to be dictated by environmental circumstances

The school of psychology that suggests psychologists should study only what can be objectively observed is:

behaviorism

Cognitive psychology truly emerged as its own discipline, emphasizing the study of information processing, thinking, reasoning, and problem solving in the late

1950s

The psychologist who took the position that organisms tend to repeat responses that lead to positive outcomes and tend not to repeat responses that lead to neutral or negative outcomes was:

B.F. Skinner

A hypothesis would be best described as:

an educated guess about a given research outcome

A researcher wants to see if a protein-enriched diet will enhance the maze-running performance of rats. One group of rats is fed the high-protein diet for the duration of the study; the other group continues to receive ordinary rat chow. In this experiment, the rats' maze-running performance is the:

dependent variable

You are sitting on a park bench in a major metropolitan area from 7 a.m. to 7 p.m., and you note the number of people who walk by, whether or not they litter, and their gender. You are engaging in:

naturalistic observation

Dr. Macator predicts that people will act more aggressively during the heat waves of summer than they will during the cold spells of winter. This suggests that Dr. Macator believes that temperature and level of aggression are

positively correlated

In a discussion with your professor, she tells you that she believes that the focus of psychological study should be to break the conscious experience into its basic elements. Which of the following historical schools of thought is your professor's idea most consistent with?

structuralism