Reconstruction/Westward Expansion

Constitutional amendment that defines citizenship to include African Americans, guarantees due process of law, and guarantees equal protection under the law (among others)

14th amendment

Constitutional amendment guaranteeing that voting rights will not be denied on the basis or race, color, or previous condition of servitude

15th amendment

Graph: Eastbound Freight by Rail from California (1873-1892) Which of the following developments helps to explain the rise in exports from the West Coast depicted in the graph? A. an expansion in the railroad network led to greater access of western farmers to eastern markets B. The decline in bison populations created higher demand for fruit and sugar from the West Coast C. A reduction in labor strikes led to more regular and efficient transportation on existing railroad lines D. The growth of western United States settlements led to increased trade with American Indian groups

A. An expansion in the railroad network led to greater access of western farmers to eastern markets

Passage: The Mississippi Black Code Which of the following people or groups of the period would have most directly opposed the creation of Black Codes? A. Radical Republicans B. Andrew Johnson C. The U.S. Supreme Court D. Labor activists

A. Radical Republicans

Passage: The Mississippi Black Code The Black Codes emerged most directly from the context of which of the following? A. Southern resistance to Reconstruction B. A "New South" economy based on sharecropping C. The rise of democratic beliefs that influenced moral and social reforms D. The spread of the ideology of Social Darwinism

A. Southern resistance to Reconstruction

Which of the following was not part of the Compromise of 1877? A. appointment of a southern vice president B. appointment of a southern Cabinet member C. removal of federal troops from southern states D. federal aid for a southern railroad E. federal appropriations to rebuild war-destroyed levees

A. appointment of a southern vice president

Passage: George A Batchelder, "A Sketch of the History and Resources of Dakota Territory" The settlement pattern described in the excerpt was most similar to earlier patterns in that it was

Accompanied by conflict with American Indians over leadership

Ulysses S. Grant depended on this group for his presidential victory in 1868.

African Americans

Passage: Abraham Lincoln's Second Inaugural Address All of the following were part of the Fourteenth Amendment except it

Allowed all men to vote

From the 1880s to the New Deal, the dominant United States government policy toward American Indians was to try to

Assimilate them into White culture

US soldiers massacred 300 unarmed Native Americans in 1890. This ended the Indian Wars

Battle of Wounded Knee

The real motive behind the impeachment of Andrew Johnson was

Because of his opposition to congressional reconstruction

The majority of southern Republican voters were

Blacks

An 1868 treaty that guaranteed the rights of U.S. missionaries in China and set official terms for the emigration of Chinese laborers to work in the United States

Burlingame Treaty

Graph: Eastbound Freight by Rail from California (1873-1892) Which of the following helps to explain the development of railroad transportation as depicted in the graph? A. Growth of support from farmers for the business practices of railroads B. Forced relocation of American Indians to work as railroad laborers C. Distribution of federal government subsidies to railroad corporations D. Increase of competition between different railroad companies

C. Distribution of federal government subsidies to railroad corporations

Which of the following was a serious constitutional question after the Civil War? A. The restoration of the power of the federal judiciary B. The legality of the national banking system C. The political and legal status of the former Confederate states D. The relationship between the United States and Britain E. The proposed annexation of Columbia

C. The political and legal status of the former Confederate states

Which of the following was typical of agreements such as the Fort Laramie Treaty between the United States government and American Indians in the post-Civil War West? A. They frequently led to the formation of a common interest between the United States government and American Indians in controlling the activities of White settlers B. They generally led to the formation of strong, independent American Indian nations C. They usually lasted a short time before being broken by settlers' incursions onto American Indian reservations D. They led to the abandonment of most reservations as American Indian families sought economic opportunities in urban areas

C. They usually lasted a short time before being broken by settlers' incursions onto American Indian reservations

First discovered in 1858 by Henry Comstock, some of the most plentiful and valuable silver was found here, causing many Californians, to migrate here, and settle Nevada

Comstock Lode

After the Civil War, some business people and newspaper editors - such as the "Atlanta Constitution's" Henry Grady - promoted the idea of a New South. Which of the following best describes their vision for the southern states? A. An agricultural region consisting of small farms focused on growing food crops B. An industrial region whose economic mainstays would be the mining and smelting or minerals and metals C. An agricultural region of large plantations growing cotton, tobacco, and rise, worked by sharecroppers D. A mixed economy no longer primarily dependent on cash crops E. A postindustrial region whose economy revolved around health care, insurance, and financial services

D. A mixed economy no longer primarily dependent on cash crops

Passage: George A Batchelder, "A Sketch of the History and Resources of Dakota Territory" Which of the following contributed most to the process described in the excerpt? A. The industrialization of urban areas in the Northeast B. Increased immigration from eastern Europe C. The building of new roads and canals D. Legislation that facilitated the distribution of western land (Homestead Act)

D. Legislation that facilitated the distribution of western land (Homestead Act)

The Dawes Act (1887) did which of the following? A. Divided Native American tribal lands into individual holdings B. Promoted the preservation of Native American cultural identity C. Granted immediate citizenship to Native Americans D. Set up the reservation system E. Forbade the use of Native American languages in public schools

D. Set up the reservation system

System of forced labor to pay off debts

Debt peonage

All of the following statements regarding the Fifteenth Amendment are true except: A. Was part of the congressional reconstruction plan B. Encountered much resistance in the white South C. Prohibited states from denying the right to vote on grounds of race and color D. Was required by Congress that southern states ratify it E. Was popular among women

E. Was popular among women

African Americans who moved from post reconstruction South to Kansas

Exodusters

The last effort of Native Americans to resist US domination and drive whites from their ancestral lands, came through as a religious movement

Ghost Dance Movement

A monetary system in which paper money and coins are equal to the value of a certain amount of gold

Gold Standard

Women's rights organization that split from the AERA after they (the AERA) supported the 15th Amendment; led by Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony, they were the most radical women's rights group of their time

National Women's Suffrage Association

The main purpose of Freedmen's Bureau was to

Oversee relations between former masters and slaves

Who was the first African-American governor?

Pinckney B.S. Pinchback

Passage: Abraham Lincoln's Second Inaugural Address Which of the following groups would most likely object to the perspectives in the passage?

Radical Republicans

Period during which the states that had seceded to the Confederacy were controlled by the federal government before being readmitted to the Union

Reconstruction

Passage: The Mississippi Black Code The "black codes"

Reduced freedmen to a condition close to slavery

The Tenure of Office Act

Required Senate approval before the president could remove a cabinet member

1864 incident in which Colorado militia killed a camp of Cheyenne and Arapaho Indians

Sand Creek Massacre

Ulysses S. Grant's presidency is known as an era of

Scandal and corruption at all levels of government

Labor system in which a black/poor white family worked a particular piece of land in return for a share of the crop produced on it

Sharecropping

The Compromise of 1877 signified

The end of Reconstruction

Which of the following is a characteristic of the post-Civil War southern labor system?

The new system of sharecropping, and thus debt peonage, evolved

The term "bayonet rule" refers to

The use of federal troops to support Republican state governments and black rights in the South

What happened to Confederate war leaders and soldiers?

They were granted amnesty

Passed in the summer of 1864, it states that Congress would only authorized state government in former Confederate states when a majority of voters took an "ironclad" oath, stating that they were not now disloyal to the Union nor had they ever been disloyal

Wade-Davis Act

Political Cartoon: Ulysses S. Grant and Henry Wilson This Republican campaign banner exaggerates Grant's __________________

Working class origins

Passage: Second Treaty of Fort Laramie, agreed between the United States government and various bands of the Sioux Nation, 1868 The conflict between the Sioux nation and the United States was primarily driven by differing

claims to land

During the Reconstruction period

the illiteracy rate among southern blacks was reduced significantly