Red Cross 5-7

AED

Automated external defibrillator

If choking victim becomes unconscious?

Begin chest compressions to help heart and push object up

Coronary Arteries

Blood vessels that supply the heart muscle with oxygen

Care or Call unconscious adult over 12

Call

Care or Call witnessed sudden collapse of child or infant

Call

unconscious child or infant known to have heart problems

Call

After checking for consciousness, you determine the person is unconscious, what should you do next?

Call 911

Cardiac Chain of Survival

Call 911, Begin Compressions, Use AED if there, Medical Care

CPR stands for

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation

Care or Call Any person who has experienced a non-fatal drowning

Care

unwitnessed collapse of an unconscious person younger than 12

Care

Once you determine the person has no life threatening injuries you should?

Check for other injuries that could become life threatening if not cared for

Before beginning an initial check of the victim, you should?

Check the scene

Respiratory Arrest airway is?

Completely blocked

Risk Factors

Conditions or behaviors that increase the chance that a person will develop a disease

When V-Tach or VFib occurs it is imperative that what occurs

Defibrillation

#1 Rule for care

Do no further harm

When you give two rescue breath, how much should you breathe into a person?

Enough to make the chest clearly rise

Signs of Respiratory Distress

Ffast/slow breathing, pale/blue skin, increased heart rate

If chest does not rise after re-tilting head what should you do?

Give care for unconscious choking

HAINES stands for

High Arm Endangered Spine Recovery position

Epiglottis is?

Iinfluenza bacteria

You see a stopped car, a mangled bike and a neighbor lying in the street & people standing around. You determine the neighbor has no life threatening injuries and is conscious. What should you do next?

Interview the person and check the person for head to toe

For personnel giving CPR with arthritis the person would?

Lay one hand palm flat fingers up and use other hand to wrap around wrist

Applying pressure with your fingers during CPR can?

Lead to insufficient chest compressions and damage to the chest

When giving CPR re arms & elbows should be and shoulders?

Locked arms and elbows with shoulders directly over hands

During CPR if you feel the notch at the end of the persons sternum you need to?

Move your heads slightly up towards the head

3 Signs of cardiac arrest

Not breathing Unconscious Pale/ Blue skin

When giving CPR to infants where are your hands?

One hand stays on forehead to keep airway open and the other hand is using to fingers to compress

when doing rescue breaths for an infant or child blow in for about ___ to make chest clearly rise?

One second

How many minutes until irreversible brain damage occurs after breathing stops?

Over 10 minutes

Adult chest should compress during CPR how far?

Over 2 inches

Angina Pectoris

Pain in the chest that comes and goes that has decreased oxygen to the heart. Person's with this condition need Nitroglycerin medicine

Causes of Respiratory Distress

Partially obstructed airway, asthma, injury to head, lungs or abdomen, bronchitis, hyperventilation, croup, epiglottis

Atherosclerosis

Plaque build up in the arteries

The network of fibers of the heart for electrical signals which are divided into right and left branches are called

Purkinje Fibers

If chest does not rise with rescue breaths you should?

Re tilt head and give another rescue breath

if an unconscious person is laying face down, what should you do?

Roll the over face up keeping head, neck and back straight

Normal point of orgin in the heart for electrical impulse above the artia

Sinoatrial Node

If you witness child or infant collapse you should?

Skip rescue breaths and perform CPR

When checking for breathing it should take no more than?

Ten seconds

You see a stopped car, a mangled bike and a neighbor lying in the street & people standing around. What dangers are at the scene & what can you do to make it safer?

The stopped car and bike could cause another accident, the neighbor poses a danger because he is in the middle of the street. Use bystanders to direct traffic

What is the purpose of the initial check of the person?

To determine if any life threatening conditions are present

Occasional gasps are not breathing

True

When using the AED you should?

Turn it on Expose the person's chest Apply pads to person chest and upper right arm Plug connector into AED Let AED analyze rhythm Give shock if needed and stand clear Perform 2 minutes or 5 cycles of CPR

CPR on adult per chart

Two hands in center of chest, chest compressions 2 inches, rescue breathing until chest clearly rises about 1 second per breath, cycle is 30 compressions 2 breaths, rate is 30 chest compressions in about 18 seconds at 100 compressions per minute

CPR on child per chart

Two hands in center of chest, chest compressions no more than 2 inches, rescue breathing until chest clearly rises about 1 second per breath, cycle is 30 compressions 2 breaths, rate is 30 chest compressions in about 18 seconds at 100 compressions per minute

CPR on infant per chart

Two or three fingers in center of chest just below nipple line, chest compressions 1 1/2 inches, rescue breathing until chest clearly rises about 1 second per breath, cycle is 30 compressions 2 breaths, rate is 30 chest compressions in about 18 seconds at 100 compressions per minute

Two types of abnormal heart rhythm

V Tach and Vfib

Lower chambers of the heart

Ventricles

Care First then call

an unconscious person younger than 12 who you did not see collapse or an person in a drowning accident. Give 2 minutes of care then call 911

Hypothermia

cold that overwhelms the body's ability to produce heat

Cardiac Chain of Survial

early recognition & early access, early CPR, early defibrillation, and early advanced medical care

CPR Breathing Barriers

face shields and resuscitation mask

mouth to stoma

gives breathes through stoma

mouth to nose breathing

happens if you can not provide a seal over mouth do to injury

haines

high arm in endangered spine

Agonal Breathing

irregular, gasping breaths in unconscious person

Procedures for HAINES

kneel next to person, reach across & lift arm farthest from you and place arm above head palm up, grab closest arm &place next to side, grab farthest leg and bend up, take arm and place under skull and slide down to under victims shoulder, place other hand under victims hip, smoothy roll person away from you so there on there side , and bend the other knee

checking a conscious person

let then know your here to help, get consent, call 911, check for life threaten conditions

Child's chest should compress during CPR how far?

no more than 2 inches

Rescue Breathing Steps

open airway: head tilt/ chin lift, Check for breathing: lok, listen and feel, check circulation: look for bleeding then give 2 breaths lasting about 1 sec each: watch chest rise & fall (with infant cover mouth and nose to create seal)

Signs of Shock

restlessness or irritability, nausea or vomiting, rapid breathing or pulse, pale skin, thirst

Call First then give care situations

unconscious adult over 12 year old or witnessed collapse of child or infant, or a infant/child known to have heart problems

Life Threatening Conditions

unconscious, trouble breathing, not breathing,and severe breathing

List 4 life threatening conditions

unconsciousness, trouble breathing or breathing that is not normal, absence of breathing and severe bleeding

2 types of Respiratory Arrest

1. Anatomical- tongue or tissue swollen blocking airway 2. Mechanical- foreign object blocks airway

You walk in your boss's office see spilled coffee on the desk and him lying on the floor motionless. What should you do?

1. Check for consciousness 2. Open airway 3. Call 911 4. Check the scene 5. Check for breathing and bleeding

CPR Procedures

1. Check scene 2. Check victim (unconscious) 3. Open airway -head titlt chin lift 4. Call 911 5. Look listen and feel for breathing 6. Give 2 breaths 7. Give 30 compressions=100 per minute (place heel of hand on sternum or breatbone, place other hand directly on top, interlace fingers and keep off chest,

Steps to check an injured or ill adult who appears to be unconscious

1. Check the scene for safety 2. Check for responsiveness (ask are you okay) 3. Call 911 if no response (if person responds obtain consent then call 911) 4. Check person from head to toe (if conscious ask questions to find out what happened) 5. Open airway: tilt head and chin lift 6. Check for breathing: look, listen and feel 7. Quickly scan for severe breathing 8. No breathing perform CPR (if breathing maintain open airway)

Steps to check an injured or ill child or infant who appears to be unconscious

1. Check the scene for safety 2. Check for responsiveness (ask are you okay) 3. If alone give 2 minutes of care then call 911 (if person responds obtain consent then call 911) 4. Check person from head to toe (if conscious ask questions to find out what happened) 5. Open airway: tilt head slightly and chin lift 6. Check for breathing: look, listen and feel 7. Quickly scan for severe breathing 8. No breathing perform CPR (if breathing maintain open airway)

4 Signs of heart attack

1. Chest pain longer than 5 minutes 2. Chest pain goes away than comes back 3. Pain spreads to shoulders 4. Shortness of breath or trouble breathing

Most common cardiac emergencies?

1. Heart Attack- some of the heart is not working 2. Heart Arrest- heart is not pumping at all no oxygen or blood

7 Risk factors for heart attack

1. Males more likely 2. Females more likely to die 3. Spanish ethnicity have more than caucasians 4. Family history 5. High blood pressure or cholesterol 6. Smoking 7. Lack of exercise

Care for choking infant?

1. Place baby in football hold with head down 2. Give 5 back blows 3. Between nipples give 5 abdominal thrusts

Care for choking adult?

1. Put head down/bend person over 2. Give 5 back bows 3. Give 5 abdominal thrusts (fist over belly button) 4. Continue till object ejects or person becomes unconscious

Two types of breathing emergencies

1. Respiratory Distress- trouble breathing 2. Respiratory Arrest- breathing stopped

Care for heart attack

1. Stop physical activity 2. Loosen clothing 3. Have person sit still 4. Monitor person an call 911 5. Be prepared to give CPR 6. Give aspirin

CPR progress should only be stopped when

1. You cant go on anymore 2. The persons starts breathing 3. the AED is ready to use

Infant CPR procedures and compress amount?

2 or 3 fingers in between nipples push down no more than 1 1/2 inches

How many minutes until brain damage possible after breathing stops?

4-6

Mobile phones or radios should not be used within

6 feet of an AED

How many minutes until brain damage likely after breathing stops?

6-10

Croup is?

A barking cough

Asystole

A condition in which the heart has stopped generating electrical activity and cannot be corrected by defib

Coronary Heart Disease

A disease in which cholesterol and plaque build up blocking the arteries

De fibrillation

A electric shock that shocks the heart to develop a normal rhythm

Cholesterol

A fatty substance found in foods and made by the liver

Ventricular Tachycardia (V Tach)

A life threatening heart rhythm in which the heart is contracting rapidly the rate is so fast the heart is unable to pump effectively A person with V Tach can collapse and stop breathing

Ventricular Fibrillation (V Fib)

A life threatening heart rhythm in which the heart is in a disorganized state of activity. The electrical pulses are in chaos preventing the heart form pumping . A person with V Fib will collapse and stop breathing

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation

A life-saving first-aid procedure that combines rescue breaths with chest compressions

EMS personnel give what to a victim in cardiac arrest?

Advanced cardiac life support

Electrical signals travel up through the upper chambers of the heart called

Artria

The mid point of electrical signals between the artria and ventricles is called

Atrioventricular Node