Respiratory Physiology

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Total Lung Capacity

maximum volume of air the lungs can hold

Which of the follow statements accurately describes the relationship between pressure and volume for an ideal gas?

As the volume of a gas at constant temperature increases, the pressure of the gas decreases.

Lung VolumeMeasurement (mL)Tidal Volume500 mLInspiratory Reserve Volume1,900 mLExpiratory Reserve Volume 700 mLResidual Volume1,100 Using the values provided above, calculate the Subject's expiratory capacity.

1,200

The atmosphere at sea level exerts a pressure of 760 mm of Hg. Oxygen makes up approximately 20% of the atmosphere. What is the partial pressure of oxygen at sea level?

152 mm Hg

Lung VolumeMeasurement (mL)Tidal Volume500 mLInspiratory Reserve Volume1,900 mLExpiratory Reserve Volume 700 mLResidual Volume1,100 Using the values provided above, calculate the Subject's inspiratory capacity.

2400

Lung VolumeMeasurement (mL)Tidal Volume500 mLInspiratory Reserve Volume1,900 mLExpiratory Reserve Volume 700 mLResidual Volume1,100 Using the values provided above, calculate the Subject's vital capacity.

3,100 mL

Your patient is a 22-year-old female. She is 168 centimeters tall. Calculate her vital capacity.

3.8 l

Using the values provided above, calculate the Subject's total lung capacity.

4,200 mL

Your patient is a 28-year-old male. He is 190 centimeters tall. Calculate his vital capacity.

5.7 l

The atmosphere at the top of Mount Everest exerts a pressure of 253 mm of Hg. Oxygen makes up approximately 20% of the atmosphere. What is the partial pressure of oxygen on top of Mount Everest?

50.6 mm Hg

What is the volume of air remaining in the lungs at the end of a maximal expiration called?

Residual Volume

Which process governs the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the air in the lungs and the blood?

Simple diffusion

Which instrument is used to measure the volume of air a person inhales and exhales?

Spirometer

Which of the following statements about breathing is TRUE?

The creation of a pressure gradient is what allows air to flow in and out of the lungs.

Which of the following statements about the respiratory system is true?

The respiratory system helps maintain the pH balance of the blood plasma.

What is dead space?

The volume of air in each breath that does not take part in gas exchange.

What is the volume of air inspired or expired during a single breath called?

Tidal volume

Functional Residual Capacity

amount of air remaining in the lungs at the end of a normal exhalation

Visceral pleura

delicate, inner layer that covers the surface of each lung

Inspiratory Capacity

maximum volume of air that can be inhaled following a resting state

Expiratory Capacity

maximum volume of air that can be inhaled following a resting state

Mediastinum

median compartment containing the heart and great vessels

Match the term with the correct set of anatomical structures. Conducting zone

nasal cavity to the terminal bronchioles

Match the term with the correct set of anatomical structures. Upper respiratory tract

nasal cavity, oral cavity, pharynx, larynx

Parietal pleura

outer membrane which is attached to the inner surface of the thoracic wall

Match the term with the correct set of anatomical structures. Respiratory zone

respiratory bronchioles, areolar ducts, and alveoli

Pleural cavity

space between the visceral and parietal layers of pleura

Tidal Volume

the volume of air inspired or expired during a single breath.

Residual Volume

the volume of air remaining in the lungs at the end of a maximal expiration.

Expiratory Reserve Volume the volume of air remaining in the lungs at the end of a maximal expiration.

the volume of air that can be maximally exhaled at the end of a tidal expiration.

Inspiratory Reserve Volume

the volume of air that can be maximally inhaled at the end of a tidal inspiration

Match the term with the correct set of anatomical structures. Lower respiratory tract

trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, areolar structures


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