Respiratory Physiology
Total Lung Capacity
maximum volume of air the lungs can hold
Which of the follow statements accurately describes the relationship between pressure and volume for an ideal gas?
As the volume of a gas at constant temperature increases, the pressure of the gas decreases.
Lung VolumeMeasurement (mL)Tidal Volume500 mLInspiratory Reserve Volume1,900 mLExpiratory Reserve Volume 700 mLResidual Volume1,100 Using the values provided above, calculate the Subject's expiratory capacity.
1,200
The atmosphere at sea level exerts a pressure of 760 mm of Hg. Oxygen makes up approximately 20% of the atmosphere. What is the partial pressure of oxygen at sea level?
152 mm Hg
Lung VolumeMeasurement (mL)Tidal Volume500 mLInspiratory Reserve Volume1,900 mLExpiratory Reserve Volume 700 mLResidual Volume1,100 Using the values provided above, calculate the Subject's inspiratory capacity.
2400
Lung VolumeMeasurement (mL)Tidal Volume500 mLInspiratory Reserve Volume1,900 mLExpiratory Reserve Volume 700 mLResidual Volume1,100 Using the values provided above, calculate the Subject's vital capacity.
3,100 mL
Your patient is a 22-year-old female. She is 168 centimeters tall. Calculate her vital capacity.
3.8 l
Using the values provided above, calculate the Subject's total lung capacity.
4,200 mL
Your patient is a 28-year-old male. He is 190 centimeters tall. Calculate his vital capacity.
5.7 l
The atmosphere at the top of Mount Everest exerts a pressure of 253 mm of Hg. Oxygen makes up approximately 20% of the atmosphere. What is the partial pressure of oxygen on top of Mount Everest?
50.6 mm Hg
What is the volume of air remaining in the lungs at the end of a maximal expiration called?
Residual Volume
Which process governs the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the air in the lungs and the blood?
Simple diffusion
Which instrument is used to measure the volume of air a person inhales and exhales?
Spirometer
Which of the following statements about breathing is TRUE?
The creation of a pressure gradient is what allows air to flow in and out of the lungs.
Which of the following statements about the respiratory system is true?
The respiratory system helps maintain the pH balance of the blood plasma.
What is dead space?
The volume of air in each breath that does not take part in gas exchange.
What is the volume of air inspired or expired during a single breath called?
Tidal volume
Functional Residual Capacity
amount of air remaining in the lungs at the end of a normal exhalation
Visceral pleura
delicate, inner layer that covers the surface of each lung
Inspiratory Capacity
maximum volume of air that can be inhaled following a resting state
Expiratory Capacity
maximum volume of air that can be inhaled following a resting state
Mediastinum
median compartment containing the heart and great vessels
Match the term with the correct set of anatomical structures. Conducting zone
nasal cavity to the terminal bronchioles
Match the term with the correct set of anatomical structures. Upper respiratory tract
nasal cavity, oral cavity, pharynx, larynx
Parietal pleura
outer membrane which is attached to the inner surface of the thoracic wall
Match the term with the correct set of anatomical structures. Respiratory zone
respiratory bronchioles, areolar ducts, and alveoli
Pleural cavity
space between the visceral and parietal layers of pleura
Tidal Volume
the volume of air inspired or expired during a single breath.
Residual Volume
the volume of air remaining in the lungs at the end of a maximal expiration.
Expiratory Reserve Volume the volume of air remaining in the lungs at the end of a maximal expiration.
the volume of air that can be maximally exhaled at the end of a tidal expiration.
Inspiratory Reserve Volume
the volume of air that can be maximally inhaled at the end of a tidal inspiration
Match the term with the correct set of anatomical structures. Lower respiratory tract
trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, areolar structures