Respiratory system drugs
Howard is a 72-year-old male who occasionally takes diphenhydramine for his seasonal allergies. Monitoring for this patient taking diphenhydramine would include assessing for: A. Urinary retention B. Cardiac output C. Peripheral edema D. Skin for rash
A
The first-line treatment for cough related to a URI in a 5 year old is: A. Fluids and symptomatic care B. Dextromethorphan and guaifenesin syrup (Robitussin DM for Kids) C. Guaifenesin and codeine syrup (Tussin AC) D. Chlorpheniramine and dextromethorphan syrup (Nyquil for Kids)
A
Tiotropium bromide (Spiriva) is an inhaled anticholinergic: A. Used for the treatment of COPD B. Used in the treatment of asthma C. Combined with albuterol for treatment of asthma exacerbations D. Combined with fluticasone for the treatment of persistent asthma
A
Decongestants such as pseudoephedrine (Sudafed): A. Are Schedule III drugs in all states B. Should not be prescribed or recommended for children under 4 years of age C. Are effective in treating the congestion children experience with the common cold D. May cause drowsiness in patients of all ages
B
First generation antihistamines such as loratadine (Claritin) are prescribed for seasonal allergies because they are: A. More effective than first generation antihistamines B. Less sedating than the first generation antihistamines C. Prescription products, therefore are covered by insurance D. Able to be taken with CNS sedatives, such as alcohol
B
Harold, a 42-year-old African American, has moderate persistent asthma. Which of the following asthma medications should be used cautiously, if at all? A. Betamethasone, an inhaled corticosteroid B. Salmeterol, an inhaled long-acting beta-agonist C. Albuterol, a short-acting beta-agonist D. Montelukast, a leukotriene modifier
B
Li takes theophylline for his persistent asthma and calls the office with a complaint of nausea, vomiting, and headache. The best advice for him would be to: A. Reassure him this is probably a viral infection and should be better soon B. Have him seen the same day for an assessment and theophylline level C. Schedule him for an appointment in 2 to 3 days, which he can cancel if he is better D. Order a theophylline level at the lab for him
C
Long-acting beta-agonists (LTBAs) received a Black Box warning from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration due to the: A. Risk of life-threatening dermatological reactions B. Increased incidence of cardiac events when LTBAs are used C. Increased risk of asthma-related deaths when LTBAs are used D. Risk for life-threatening alterations in electrolytes
C
Martin is a 60 year old with hypertension. The first-line decongestant to prescribe would be: A. Oral pseudoephedrine B. Oral phenylephrine C. Nasal oxymetazoline D. Nasal azelastine
C
Cough and cold medications that contain a sympathomimetic decongestant such as phenylephrine should be used cautiously in what population: A. Older adults B. Hypertensive patients C. Infants D. All of the above
D
Digoxin levels need to be monitored closely when the following medication is started: A. Loratadine B. Diphenhydramine C. Ipratropium D. Albuterol
D
Patients with allergic rhinitis may benefit from a prescription of: A. Fluticasone (Flonase) B. Cetirizine (Zyrtec) C. OTC cromolyn nasal spray (Nasalcrom) D. Any of the above
D
The bronchodilator of choice for patients taking propranolol is: A. Albuterol B. Pirbuterol C. Formoterol D. Ipratropium
D