Respiratory System
The conchae
create turbulence in the air to trap particulate matter in mucus
The ring-shaped cartilage just inferior to the thyroid cartilage is the ___ cartilage
cricoid
If the volume of the lungs increases, what happens to the air pressure inside the lungs
decreases
Functions of the nasal cavity include all of the following, except
exchanging oxygen for carbon dioxide
What occurs if intrapulmonic (within the lungs) pressure is 763 mm Hg
exhalation
The openings to the nostrils are the
external nares
Each molecule of hemoglobin has the capacity to carry ___ molecules of oxygen
four
The paranasal sinuses include
frontal, sphenoid, ethmoid, and maxillary
Air moves out of the lungs when the pressure inside the lungs is
greater than the pressure in the atmosphere
The respiratory defense system is important because it
helps filter the air, helps warm the air, keeps out debris, keeps out pathogens
Tina is singing a song. At a certain point in the song she forces a large volume of air out of the glottis and at the same time increases the tension on her vocal cords. The sound that she produces is
high pitched and loud
Boyle's Law of Gases states that
if the volume goes up, the pressure goes down
When the diaphragm and external intercostal muscles contract,
intrapleural pressure decreases
Boyle's law states that the pressure of a gas is
inversely proportional to volume of its container
Which of the following statements about the trachea is false
is reinforced with D-shaped cartilages
Inhaling through the nostrils is preferred over the mouth because
it allows better conditioning of the inhaled air
The auditory tubes open into the
nasopharynx
The palatine tonsils lie in the walls of the
oropharynx
Which of the following organs is not part of the lower respiratory system
oropharynx
The ___ is shared by the respiratory and digestive systems
pharynx
The common passageway shared by the respiratory and digestive systems is the
pharynx
Air passing through the glottis vibrates the vocal folds and produces
phonation
Functions of the respiratory system include all of the following, except
preventing choking from accidental respiration of chewed food
The ___ branch from the trachea at the carina
primary bronchi
The order in which air passes through is
primary bronchi, secondary bronchi, bronchioles, terminal bronchiole,respiratory bronchiole, alveolar ducts, alveoli
During a choking episode, most foreign objects are lodged in the ___ bronchus due to its larger diameter and steeper angle
right primary
Which of the following is not true about the pharynx
shared by the integumentary and respiratory systems
The glottis is
the opening to the larynx
What is one atmosphere of pressure
760 mm Hg
Air entering the body is filtered, warmed, and humidified by the
upper respiratory tract
The portion of the nasal cavity contained within the flexible tissues of the external nose is the
vestibule
The serous membrane in contact with the lung is the
visceral pleura
If a patient inhales as deeply as possible and then exhales as much as possible, the volume of air expelled would be the patient's
vital capacity
A pair of ligaments that function in sound production are the
vocal folds
___ is the amount of air that moves into the respiratory system during a single respiratory cycle
Tidal Volume
The larynx, trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles all make up the
lower respiratory tract
___ is the most common lethal inherited disease affecting individuals of Northern European descent
Cystic Fibrosis
___ is the amount of air that you can inhale above the resting tidal volume
Inspiratory reserve volume
While playing in an intramural football game, Joe is tackled so hard that he breaks a rib. He can actually feel a piece of the rib sticking through the skin and he is having a difficult time breathing. Joe probably is suffering from
a pneumothorax
The actual sites of gas exchange within the lungs are
alveoli
Asthma is
an acute condition resulting from unusually sensitive, irritated conducting airways
The most superior portion of the lung is termed the
apex
The elastic cartilage that covers the opening to the larynx during swallowing is the
epiglottis
The entry of liquids or solid food into the respiratory passageways during swallowing is prevented by the
epiglottis folding sown over the glottis
Expiratory movements are produced by contraction of the ___ muscle
internal intercostal
The C shape of the tracheal cartilages is important because
large masses of food can pass through the esophagus during swallowing
The vocal folds are located within the
larynx
Secondary bronchi supply air to the
lobes of the lungs
The respiratory epithelium of the conducting airways consists of
pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium
Breathing, which involves the physical movement of air into and out of the lungs, is
pulmonary ventilation
During exercise, which of the following contract for active exhalation
rectus abdominis and internal intercostal muscles
The purpose of fluid in the pleural cavity is to
reduce friction between the parietal and visceral pleura
During expiration, the diaphragm
relaxes and the dome rises into the thoracic cage
When the diaphragm and external intercostal muscles contract,
the volume of the thorax increases
When there is no air movement, the relationship between the intrapulmonary and atmospheric pressure is that
they are equal
Harry suffers from cystic fibrosis and has severe breathing difficulties. His problems result from
thick secretions that are difficult to transport
The right lung is to ___ as the left lung is to ___
three lobes; two lobes
The airway that connects the larynx to the bronchial tree is the
trachea