Respiratory System

The conchae

create turbulence in the air to trap particulate matter in mucus

The ring-shaped cartilage just inferior to the thyroid cartilage is the ___ cartilage

cricoid

If the volume of the lungs increases, what happens to the air pressure inside the lungs

decreases

Functions of the nasal cavity include all of the following, except

exchanging oxygen for carbon dioxide

What occurs if intrapulmonic (within the lungs) pressure is 763 mm Hg

exhalation

The openings to the nostrils are the

external nares

Each molecule of hemoglobin has the capacity to carry ___ molecules of oxygen

four

The paranasal sinuses include

frontal, sphenoid, ethmoid, and maxillary

Air moves out of the lungs when the pressure inside the lungs is

greater than the pressure in the atmosphere

The respiratory defense system is important because it

helps filter the air, helps warm the air, keeps out debris, keeps out pathogens

Tina is singing a song. At a certain point in the song she forces a large volume of air out of the glottis and at the same time increases the tension on her vocal cords. The sound that she produces is

high pitched and loud

Boyle's Law of Gases states that

if the volume goes up, the pressure goes down

When the diaphragm and external intercostal muscles contract,

intrapleural pressure decreases

Boyle's law states that the pressure of a gas is

inversely proportional to volume of its container

Which of the following statements about the trachea is false

is reinforced with D-shaped cartilages

Inhaling through the nostrils is preferred over the mouth because

it allows better conditioning of the inhaled air

The auditory tubes open into the

nasopharynx

The palatine tonsils lie in the walls of the

oropharynx

Which of the following organs is not part of the lower respiratory system

oropharynx

The ___ is shared by the respiratory and digestive systems

pharynx

The common passageway shared by the respiratory and digestive systems is the

pharynx

Air passing through the glottis vibrates the vocal folds and produces

phonation

Functions of the respiratory system include all of the following, except

preventing choking from accidental respiration of chewed food

The ___ branch from the trachea at the carina

primary bronchi

The order in which air passes through is

primary bronchi, secondary bronchi, bronchioles, terminal bronchiole,respiratory bronchiole, alveolar ducts, alveoli

During a choking episode, most foreign objects are lodged in the ___ bronchus due to its larger diameter and steeper angle

right primary

Which of the following is not true about the pharynx

shared by the integumentary and respiratory systems

The glottis is

the opening to the larynx

What is one atmosphere of pressure

760 mm Hg

Air entering the body is filtered, warmed, and humidified by the

upper respiratory tract

The portion of the nasal cavity contained within the flexible tissues of the external nose is the

vestibule

The serous membrane in contact with the lung is the

visceral pleura

If a patient inhales as deeply as possible and then exhales as much as possible, the volume of air expelled would be the patient's

vital capacity

A pair of ligaments that function in sound production are the

vocal folds

___ is the amount of air that moves into the respiratory system during a single respiratory cycle

Tidal Volume

The larynx, trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles all make up the

lower respiratory tract

___ is the most common lethal inherited disease affecting individuals of Northern European descent

Cystic Fibrosis

___ is the amount of air that you can inhale above the resting tidal volume

Inspiratory reserve volume

While playing in an intramural football game, Joe is tackled so hard that he breaks a rib. He can actually feel a piece of the rib sticking through the skin and he is having a difficult time breathing. Joe probably is suffering from

a pneumothorax

The actual sites of gas exchange within the lungs are

alveoli

Asthma is

an acute condition resulting from unusually sensitive, irritated conducting airways

The most superior portion of the lung is termed the

apex

The elastic cartilage that covers the opening to the larynx during swallowing is the

epiglottis

The entry of liquids or solid food into the respiratory passageways during swallowing is prevented by the

epiglottis folding sown over the glottis

Expiratory movements are produced by contraction of the ___ muscle

internal intercostal

The C shape of the tracheal cartilages is important because

large masses of food can pass through the esophagus during swallowing

The vocal folds are located within the

larynx

Secondary bronchi supply air to the

lobes of the lungs

The respiratory epithelium of the conducting airways consists of

pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium

Breathing, which involves the physical movement of air into and out of the lungs, is

pulmonary ventilation

During exercise, which of the following contract for active exhalation

rectus abdominis and internal intercostal muscles

The purpose of fluid in the pleural cavity is to

reduce friction between the parietal and visceral pleura

During expiration, the diaphragm

relaxes and the dome rises into the thoracic cage

When the diaphragm and external intercostal muscles contract,

the volume of the thorax increases

When there is no air movement, the relationship between the intrapulmonary and atmospheric pressure is that

they are equal

Harry suffers from cystic fibrosis and has severe breathing difficulties. His problems result from

thick secretions that are difficult to transport

The right lung is to ___ as the left lung is to ___

three lobes; two lobes

The airway that connects the larynx to the bronchial tree is the

trachea