RHOS Content and Terms

D. All of the above

Template parameters can be which of the following? A. User defined via command line or web console B. Static and defined in the template C. Generated by a regular expression when the template is processed D. All of the above

Services define an IP, DNS and Port

These define an IP, DNS and Port

Tekton - A full-lifecycle, flexible, extensible, script-based and GUI-based CI/CD workflow - without an engine

Part of the OpenShift Pipelines offering which are 100% Kuberenetes?

Jenkins - The most popular CI/CD Engine

Part of the OpenShift Pipelines offering which uses a plug-in to activate script-based workflows

Knative Serving

Part of the OpenShift Serverless offering

Istio

Part of the OpenShift Service Mesh Sidecar Network Proxies for handling service-to-service communication

OpenShift networking SDN

Provides a platform-wide, pluggable routing tier to route traffic to applications

OpenShift router

Provides external access to applications deployed on OpenShift

A replica set supports set-based selector requirements. Set-based label requirements allow filtering keys according to a set of values. Three kinds of operators are supported: in, notin and exists (only the key identifier). A replication controller only supports equality-based selector requirements. Equality- or inequality-based requirements allow filtering by label keys and values. Three kinds of operators are admitted =,==,!=.

Replicaset vs. Replication Controller

Tekton

A full-lifecycle, flexible, extensible, script-based and GUI-based CI/CD workflow - without an engine

What is a node?

A node is a worker machine in Kubernetes. A node may be a VM or physical machine, depending on the cluster. Each node has the services necessary to run pods and is managed by the master components. The services on a node include Docker, kubelet and kube-proxy. See The Kubernetes Node section in the architecture design doc for more details.

Kibana

A web UI for Elasticsearch

OpenShift master host

API endpoint and the orchestrator of the system.

Services

Define a logical set of pods and connect application components together

BuildConfig

Defines triggers to start a new build process and deployment

Can be used to run replicas of a pod on specific or all nodes in an OpenShift Enterprise cluster. Use daemonsets to create shared storage, run a logging pod on every node in your cluster, or deploy a monitoring agent on every node. A DaemonSet ensures that all (or some) Nodes run a copy of a Pod. As nodes are added to the cluster, Pods are added to them. As nodes are removed from the cluster, those Pods are garbage collected. Deleting a DaemonSet will clean up the Pods it created.

Describe Daemonsets

Knative Serving

Enables autoscaling and event-driven behaviour from over 200+ sources in the programming language of choice

Replication Controller

Ensures that the specified number of pod replicas run at all times

Fluentd

Gathers logs from nodes and feeds them to Elasticsearch

A web UI for Elasticsearch

In the EFK stack used for aggregated logging, what is the role of Kibana?

ovs-subnet - provides a "flat" pod network where every pod can communicate with every other pod and service. ovs-multitenant - provides project-level isolation for pods and services. Each project receives a unique Virtual Network ID (VNID) ovs-networkpolicy - allows project administrators to configure their own isolation policies using NetworkPolicy objects.

OpenShift SDN provides three SDN plug-ins for configuring the pod network

Blue Green (B/G) - Deploy all at once Canary - Deploy one at a time incrementally *Deploying Sets of Replicas (Pods)

Name / Describe two Kubernetes Deployment Types

Recreate Rolling Custom

Name three deployment strategies

podman

Open source tool for managing containers and container images and interacting with image registries

A. Red Hat Container Catalog B. Private container registries C. OpenShift internal container registry

OpenShift can run images from any container registry, including these three examples.

What is the purpose of the scheduler?

Responsible for determining pod placement

True

T/F - A route object consists of a host name, a route name, a service selector, and optional security configurations. An OpenShift router consumes routes and is a deployment of one or more pods that forwards network traffic to the proper pods.

True

T/F - CPU and memory-based metrics are available for use by Horizontal Pod Autoscalers (HPAs).

True

T/F - Each project has its own resources, policies, and constraints/quotas

True

T/F - Helm 3 support does away with server-side components and includes the Helm CLI.

True

T/F - Image streams can be used to automatically perform an action when new images are created. Builds and deployments can watch an image stream to receive notifications when new images are added, and react by performing a build or deployment.

True

T/F - Kubernetes deployments and replica sets are available in OpenShift

False

T/F - Labels can never be changed

True

T/F - OpenShift 4 master nodes are only supported to run on Red Hat Enterprise Linux CoreOS. Worker nodes run any environment that Red Hat Enterprise Linux runs on.

True

T/F - OpenShift DeploymentConfigs are basically functional equivalents of Kubernetes deployments

False

T/F - OpenShift administrators and/or users MUST create their own base/builder images to use with the S2I process.

True

T/F - OpenShift replication controllers are the functionally equivalents of Kubernetes Replica Sets

False

T/F - Pipeline is a deployment strategy

True

T/F - Projects allow a team or group of users to organize and manage their content in isolation from others

False

T/F - Red Hat OpenShift Cluster autoscaling is enabled by default

True

T/F - The OpenShift administrator can create projects and assign administrator users for them

False

T/F - There is no application downtime when using the "Recreate" deployment strategy.

C. One on every node

The kube-proxy process runs where? A. One in every container B. One in every pod C. One on every node D. One in every cluster E. There's no such process as kube-proxy

Jenkins

The most popular CI/CD Engine

A. Have triggers that drive automated deployments in response to events B. Allow rollbacks to a previous version, either manually or automatically in case of deployment failure C. Allow manual replication scaling and autoscaling

Three characteristics of of deployment configurations

A. The Developer perspective has a robust topology view/tool B. The web console runs as pods on the Master servers C. You can upgrade the cluster from the Administrator perspective

Three characteristics of the CP4D Web Console

A. Keep cluster's login URL B. Keep session token C. Keep information about current project

Three features of .kube/config

All (Every Host) Ungrouped (Hosts that belong only to All group)

Two default groups used by the Ansible inventory file

OAuth TLS Certificates

Two methods to authenticate to OpenShift

EFK stack

Useful for viewing logs aggregated from hosts and applications, regardless of whether they come from multiple containers or deleted pods

What - Application, Stack, Microservice... When - Dev stage.... Where - Datacenter or region to talk to local DNS storage

What can groups track?

Ansible Playbooks

What method does Red Hat OpenShift use for operating system upgrades?

ovs-subnet - provides a "flat" pod network where every pod can communicate with every other pod and service.

What network plug-in do you need to allow unlimited communications between pods?

We will need to collect and store metrics from the components that we want to watch. To do this, we will use Prometheus. We will then need to visualize the data we've collected from our system using dashboards we create with Grafana. We'll also need our monitoring system to send us alerts when there is a critical issue. We can create alerts with Alertmanager

What three components are recommended to create an effective monitoring system per the official OpenShift monitoring documentation?

D. Service

Which OpenShift resource provides a stable IP to access the pods? A. Route B. Secret C. ReplicaSet D. Service

oc set image

Which command is used to update the application version?

oc status oc get events oc describe

Which commands are used for troubleshooting in OpenShift?

D. XML

Which format is NOT supported by oc -o? A. JSON B. YAML C. JSONPATH D. XML

D. They are only written and provided by Red Hat, not the ISV community

Which of the following is NOT true about Operators? A. They are Kubernetes native applications B. Administration, shell scripts, and automation software (like Ansible) are now in Kubernetes pods C. They integrate natively with Kubernetes concepts and APIs D. They are only written and provided by Red Hat, not the ISV community

C. They replace templates

Which of the following is a FALSE statement about Operators? A. They extend the OpenShift API B. They encode operational knowledge C. They replace templates D. They can be written in Ansible

D. All of the above

Which of the following is a true statement about OpenShift metrics collection facilities? A. The OpenShift node exposes metrics that Prometheus collects and stores B. CPU and memory-based metrics are viewable from the Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform web console and are available for use by Horizontal Pod Autoscalers (HPAs) C. Prometheus Metrics is a metrics engine that stores data persistently D. All of the above

D. All of the above

Which of the following is a true statement about templates? A. A template describes a set of objects that can be parameterized and processed to produce a list of objects for creation by OpenShift B. A template can be processed to create anything you have permission to create within a project C. A template can define a set of labels to apply to every object defined in the template D. All of the above

6443

Which port is used by default in the login URL?