RICCI Peds Review Exam 1 - Chapters 25-29
CHANGES IN BREAST DEVELOPMENT AND GENITALIA DURING LATE SCHOOL AGE OR EARLY ADOLESCENCE
Secondary sexual characteristics
The nurse is discussing sensory development with the mother of a 2-year-old boy. Which parental comment suggests that the child may have a sensory problem? a. "He wasn't bothered by the paint smell" b. "He was licking the dishwasher soap" c. "He doesn't respond if I wave to him" d. "I dropped a pan behind him and he cried"
Speaks in 2-3-word sentences
The nurse is counseling an overweight sedentary 15-year old girl. The nurse is assisting her to make appropriate menu choices. Which statement indicates the adolescent understands how to make appropriate dietary selections? a. "I avoid all fat intake" b. "Because of my age, my dairy intake is unlimited" c. "I need to have 4 servings of fruit each day" d. "To lose weight my protein intake should be limited to 2-4 servings per day"
"I need to have 4 servings of fruit each day"
The nurse is providing teaching to the mother of a 4-year old girl about bike safety. Which statement indicated a need for further teaching? a. "The balls of her feet should reach both pedals while sitting" b. "Pedal back brakes are better for her age group" c. "She should always ride on the sidewalk" d. "She can ride on the street if I am riding with her"
"She can ride on the street if I am riding with her"
The thin, yellowish fluid called; ____ is produced by the breasts for the first 2-4 days after birth.
COLOSTRUM
Communication in preschool children is ____ in nature, as they are not yet capable of abstract thought.
CONCRETE
Lymph system
CONTINUES TO GROW UNTIL THE CHILD IS 9-YEARS OLD
During middle adolescence gross motor skills such as speed, accuracy, and ____ improve
COORDINATION
The family can experience _____ if an adolescent's striving for independence is met with stricter parental limits.
CRISIS
TOOTH DECAY
Caries
The nurse is talking with the parents of an 8-year old boy who has been cheating in school. Which comment should be the nurse's primary message? a. "Punishment should be severe and long lasting" b. "Make sure that your behavior around your son is exemplary" c. "Resolve this by providing an opportunity for him to cheat, then deal with it" d. "You may be putting too much pressure on him to succeed"
"Make sure that your behavior around your son is exemplary"
The nurse is educating the parents of a 10-year old girl in ways to help their child avoid tobacco. Which suggestion should be part of the nurse's advice? a. "Keep your cigarettes where she can't get to them" b. "Always go outside when you have a cigarette" c. "Tell her only losers smoke and chew tobacco" d. "As parents, you need to be good role models"
"As parents, you need to be good role models"
The mother of a 4-year old girl reports her daughter has episodes of wetting her pants. The nurse questions the mother about the frequency, the nurse determines these episodes occur about once every 1-2 weeks. Which response by the nurse is indicated? a. "Consider restricting your daughters fluid intake" b. "Discipline should be applied after these times" c. "At this age it is helpful to remind a child to go to the bathroom" d. "The frequency of these wetting episodes may be consistent with a low-grade urinary tract infection"
"At this age it is helpful to remind a child to go to the bathroom"
A 16-year old girl has arrived for her sports physical with a new piercing in her navel. Which response by the nurse is best? a. "Be sure to clean the naval several times a day" b. "I hope for your sake the needle was clean" c. "This is a risk for hepatitis, tetanus, and AIDS" d. "This is a wound, and can become infected"
"Be sure to clean the naval several times a day"
The mother of 7-year old girl is asking the nurse's advice about getting her a two-wheel bike. Which response by the nurse is most important? a. "Teach her where she'll land on the grass if she falls" b. "Be sure to get the proper bike size" c. "She won't need a helmet if she has training wheels" d. "Learning to ride a bike will improve her coordination"
"Be sure to get the proper bike size"
The father of a preschool boy reports concerns about the short stature of his son. The nurse reviews the child's history and notes the child is 4-years old and is presently 41 inches (104 cm) and has grown 2.5 inches (6.35 cm) in the last year. Which response by the nurse is most appropriate? a. "Is there a reason you are concerned about your child's height?" b. "Your son is slightly below normal height for his age group, but may still grow to be a normal height in the coming year" c. "Your son is slightly below normal height for his age group, but he has demonstrated normal growth rate this year" d. "Both of your son's height and rate of growth are within the normal limits for his age"
"Both of your son's height and rate of growth are within the normal limits for his age"
The nurse is collecting data from a 15-year old boy seen at the ambulatory care clinic for immunizations. During the initial assessment. He voices concerns about being shorter than his peers. What response by the nurse is indicated? a. "Being short is nothing to be ashamed of" b. "I am sure you are not the shortest guy in your class" c. "Boys your age will often continue growing a few more years" d. "Are the other men in your family short?"
"Boys your age will often continue growing a few more years"
The parents of an 8-year old boy report their son is being bullied and teased by a group of boys in the neighborhood. Which response by the nurse is best? a. "Perhaps teaching your son self-defense will help him to have a greater sense of control and safety" b. "Bullying can have lifelong effects on the self-esteem of a child" c. "Fortunately, the scars of being picked on will fade as your son grows up" d. "Your son is at high risk of bullying other children as a result of this situation"
"Bullying can have lifelong effects on the self-esteem of a child"
The nurse is promoting safe sex to a 14-year old boy who is frequently dating. Which of the following points of most likely to be made during the talk? a. "Adolescents account for 25% of sexually transmitted infection (STI) cases" b. "Contraception is a shared responsibility" c. "Be careful or you will wind up being a teenage dad" d. "Girls are more susceptible to STI's than boys"
"Contraception is a shared responsibility"
A nurse is caring for a 4-year old girl. The parents indicate that their daughter often reports that objects in the house are her friends. They are concerned because the girl says that the grandfather clock in the hallway smiles and sings to her. Which response by the nurse is best? a. "Your daughter is demonstrating animism which is common" b. "Attributing life-like qualities to inanimate objects is quite normal at this age" c. "Do you think your daughter is hallucinating?" d. "Is there a family history of mental illness?"
"Do you think your daughter is hallucinating?"
The nurse sis providing teaching about proper dental care for the parents of a 5-year old girl. Which response indicates a need for further teaching? a. "Too much fluoride can contribute to fluorosis" b. "We should only use a pea sized amount of toothpaste" c. "She needs to floss her teeth before brushing" d. "She should see a dentist every 6 months"
"She needs to floss her teeth before brushing"
The parents of a 4-year old tell the nurse that their daughter is having frequent nightmares. Which statement indicates that the girl is having night terrors instead of nightmares? a. "She screams and trashes when we try to touch her" b. "She is scared after she wakes up" c. "She comes and wakes us up after she awakens" d. "She has a hard time going back to sleep"
"She screams and trashes when we try to touch her"
The nurse is conducting a health screening of a 5-year old boy as a requirement for kindergarten. The boy is fearful about going to a new school. The mother asks for the nurse's advice. Which response by the nurse is best? a. "Kindergarten is a big step for a child. Be patient with him" b. "Talk to your son's new teacher and schedule a tour with him" c. "Be aware that he may have difficulty adjusting to being away from the home 5 days a week" d. "Remind him that kindergarten will be a lot of fun, and he'll make new friends"
"Talk to your son's new teacher and schedule a tour with him"
The nurse is conducting a health screening for a 3-year old boy as required by his new preschool. Which statement by the parents warrants further discussion and intervention? a. "The school has a looser environment which is a good match for his temperament" b. "The school requires processed foods and high sugar foods to be avoided" c. "The school is quite structured and advocates corporal punishment" d. "There is a very low student to teacher ratio and they do lots of hands on projects"
"The school is quite structured and advocates corporal punishment"
The parents of a 3-year-old boy have asked the nurse for advice about a preschool for their child. Which suggestion is most important for the nurse to make? a. "Look for a preschool that is clean and has loving staff" b. "Check to make sure your child can attend with the sniffles" c. "Make sure that you can easily get an appointment to visit" d. "The staff should be trained in early childhood development"
"The staff should be trained in early childhood development"
The parents of a 9-year old report they have been homeschooling their son, and now plan on enrolling him in the local public school. They voice concerns about the influence of the other children on their son's values. Which information should the nurse provide to the parents? a. "At your son's age, values are most likely influenced by peers" b. "The values of the family will likely prevail for your son" c. "Value are largely inborn and will be impacted only in a limited way by environmental influences" d. "The teacher will begin to have the largest influence on a child's values at this age"
"The values of the family will likely prevail for your son"
A nurse is providing a routine wellness exam for a 5-year old boy. Which response by the parents indicates a need for an additional referral or follow-up? a. "He can count to 30, but gets confused after that" b. "We often have to translate his speech to others" c. "He is always talking and telling detailed stories" d. "He knows his name and address"
"We often have to translate his speech to others"
The parents of a 7-year old girl report concern about her seemingly low self-esteem. The parents question how self-esteem is developed in a young girl. Which response by the nurse is best? a. "The peers of a child at this age are the greatest influence on self-esteem" b. "Several interrelated factors are to blame for low self-esteem" c. "Your daughter's self-esteem is influenced by feedback from people they view as authorities at this age" d. "A child's self-esteem is greatly inborn and environmental influences guide it"
"Your daughter's self-esteem is influenced by feedback from people they view as authorities at this age"
The nurse is providing anticipatory guidance to the parents of a 15-year old girl who are exasperated with their teenager's sleep habits. They state, "Left to her own devices, I'm sure she'd stay up until 3 in the morning on the weekends and sleep until after lunch time" Which should the nurse explain to the parents? a. "I can hear that this is exasperating for you, but know that children do grow out of this in time, with no ill effects" b. "that must be hard for you to manage, perhaps we can explore some strategies with her to establish more predictable sleep patterns" c. "This is expected at this stage of development, are there any ways that you could adjust your family routines to accommodate this?" d. "It's very important that you communicate to your daughter that this is unacceptable because it can have a negative effect on her health"
"that must be hard for you to manage, perhaps we can explore some strategies with her to establish more predictable sleep patterns"
The anterior fontanel normally remains open until ____ months of life.
12-18
Place the motor skills in the order of acquisition 1. Swings and climbs well 2. Copies circles and traces squares 3. Throws ball overhand
2 --> 3 --> 1
The nurse is assessing the nutritional needs of an 8-year old girl who weights 65lbs (29.48kg). Which is the proper daily caloric intake for the child? (70 Calories / kg) a. 1,895 calories per day b. 2,065 calories per day c. 2,245 calories per day d. 2,385 calories per day
2,065 calories per day
The nurse is meeting with a 16-year old girl who reports being physically active on the track and basketball teams at school. The child reports a weight loss of 7lbs (3.2kg) since she began training for the track season. When reviewing her caloric needs, the nurse recognizes the diet should include how many calories? a. 1,800 calories per day b. 2,000 calories per day c. 2,200 calories per day d. 2,400 calories per day
2,200 calories per day
The nurse is conducting a well-child assessment of a 4-year-old and is assessing the child's height. By how much should the nurse expect the child's height to have increased since last year's exam? a. 0.5-1 in (1.27-2.54 cm) b. 1-2 in (2.54-5.07 cm) c. 2.5-3 in (6.35-7.62 cm) d. 3.5-4 in (8.89-10.16 cm)
2.5-3 in (6.35-7.62 cm)
Place the following physiological changes in sequential order beginning with early adolescence to late adolescence, According to gender 1. Male: Voice changes 2. Male: Adult size genitalia 3. Male: Leggy look 4. Female: Height increases rapidly 5. Female: Menarche begins 6. Female: Breast buds develop
3 --> 1 ---> 2 --> 6 --> 5 ---> 4
Place the following descriptions of expressive language in the order the toddler will display them 1. Uses primarily descriptive words (hungry, hot) 2. Talks about something that happened in the past 3. Babbles in what sounds like sentences 4. Uses a finger to point at things
4 --> 3 --> 1 --> 2
Place the developmental milestones in the proper sequence 1. Brain growth is complete 2. Fine motor skills develop 3. Frontal sinuses development is complete 4. Gross motor skills develop 5. Lymphatic tissue growth is complete.
4 --> 3 --> 5 --> 1 --> 2
The nurse is providing anticipatory guidance for violence prevention to a group of parents with adolescents, which parental action should the nurse include as the most effective in preventing suicide? a. Watching for aggressive behavior and racist remarks b. Checking for signs of depression or lack of friends c. Becoming acquainted with the teen's friends d. Monitoring video games, TV shows, and music
Checking for signs of depression or lack of friends
Piaget - Intuitive
ABLE TO CLASSIFY AND RELATE OBJECTS
Adolescents proceed from thinking in concrete terms to thinking in ____ terms
ABSTRACT
The education of parents about what to expect in the next phase of development is referred to as _____ guidance.
ANTICIPATORY
foods high in dietary fiber
APPLESAUCE, CARROTS, CORN, GREEN BEANS
Foods high in Vitamin A
APRICOTS, CANTALOUPE, CARROTS, SWEET POTATOES
Foods high in Folate
AVOCADOS, BROCCOLI, GREEN PEAS, DARKS GREENS
The school nurse is assessing a 16-year old girl who was removed from class because of disruptive behavior. She arrives at the nurse's office with dilated pupils and is talking rapidly. Which drug might she be talking? a. Opiates b. Barbiturates c. Amphetamines d. Marijuana
Amphetamines
The nurse is assessing a 2-year-old boy during a well-child visit. The nurse correctly identifies the child's current stage of Erickson's growth and development as: a. Trust versus mistrust b. Autonomy versus shame and doubt c. Initiative versus guilt d. Industry versus inferiority
Autonomy versus shame and doubt
The school nurse is providing nutritional guidance during a ninth-grade health class. Which foods should the nurse recommend as a good source of calcium? a. Strawberries, watermelon, and raisins b. Beans, poultry, and fish c. Peanut Butter, tomato juice, and whole grain bread d. Cheese, yogurt, and white beans
Cheese, yogurt, and white beans
Foods high in Vitamin C
BROCCOLI, ORANGES, STRAWBERRIES, TOMATOES
GRITTING OR GRINDING OF TEETH
Bruxism
Kohlberg - Preconventional mortality
CHILDREN MAY LEARN INAPPROPRIATE BEHAVIOR IF THE PARENT DOES NOT TEACH THE BEHAVIOR IS WRONG
Inconsolable crying, known as _____ , lasts longer than 3 hours.
COLIC
The nurse is working with a 12-year old who has recently experienced family instability and abuse. When assessing this client in the context of Erikson's developmental theory, the nurse should recognize that the adolescent has a risk of which negative outcome? a. Physical and emotional aggression in relationships b. Development of an antisocial identity c. Confusion about role in the world d. Dissociative identity disorder
Confusion about role in the world
The nurse is performing an assessment on a 12-year old boy. Which is consistent with the child's age? a. No pubic hair b. Curling pubic hair c. Coarse pubic hair d. Sparse pubic hair
Curling pubic hair
Foods high Calcium
DAIRY PRODUCTS, BROCCOLI, TOFU, LEGUMES
A nutrient ____ diet along with physical activity is the foundation for obesity prevention in the preschool child.
DENSE
Kohlberg - Punishment - obedience orientation
DETERMINES GOOD AND BAD DEPENDENT ON ASSOCIATED PUNISHMENT
The sequential process by which infants and children gain various skills and function is referred to as ____
DEVELOPMENT
Piaget - Preconceptual
DISPLAYS ANIMISM
The leading cause of unintentional injury and death in children in this country is due to ____
DROWNING
The nurse is teaching the parents of an 11-year old girl how to deal with the issues relating to peer pressure to the use of tobacco and alcohol. What is the best course of action for the parents? a. Avoid smoking in the house or in front of the child b. Hide alcohol out of the child's reach c. Forbid the child to have friends that smoke or drink d. Discuss tobacco and alcohol use with the child
Discuss tobacco and alcohol use with the child
An 8-year old who is the size of an 11-year old will think and act like a(n) ____ -year old.
EIGHT
Between the ages of 10 + 12 (the pubescent years for girls), ____ levels remain high, but are more controlled and focused than previously.
ENERGY
REPTITION OF WORDS AND PHRASES WITHOUT UNDERSTANDING
Echolalia
SELF-INTEREST DUE TO INABILITY TO FOCUS ON ANOTHER'S PERSPECTIVE
Egocentrism
The mother of a 4-year old boy reports her son has voiced curiosity about her breasts. She asks the nurse what she should do. Which information is best for the nurse to give the parent? a. Advise the parent that sexual curiosity is unusual at this age b. Encourage the parent to provide a detailed discussion about human sexuality with the child c. Encourage the parents to determine what the child's specific questions are and answer them briefly d. Advise the parent to explain to the child that he is too young to discuss such things
Encourage the parents to determine what the child's specific questions are and answer them briefly
The nurse is performing a health surveillance visit with a 12-year old boy. Which characteristic suggests the boy has entered adolescence? a. Shows a growing interest in attracting a girls' attention b. Feels secure with his body image c. Experiences frequent mood changes d. Understands that actions have consequences
Experiences frequent mood changes
Babinski Reflex
FANNING AND HYPEREXTENSION
Asymmetric Tonic Neck Reflex
FENCING POSITION
The nurse is talking to a 13-year old boy about choosing friends. Which function do peer groups provide that can have a negative result? a. Following role models b. Sharing problems c. Negotiating differences d. Developing loyalties
Following role models
The parents of a 2-year-old are concerned with her behavior. For which behavior would the nurse share their concern? a. Refuses to share toys with her sister b. Frequently babbles to herself when playing c. Likes to change toys frequently d. Plays by herself even when other children are present
Frequently babbles to herself when playing
5 month old motor skill
GRASPS RATTLE OR TOY
The nurse is teaching a mother of a 1-year-old girl about weaning her from a bottle and breast. Which recommendation should be part of the nurse's plan? a. Wean from breast by 18 months of age at the latest b. Give the child an iron-fortified cereal c. Switch the child to a no-spill sippy cup d. Wean from the bottle at 15 months of age
Give the child an iron-fortified cereal
Moro Reflex
HANDS FORM "C"
The prevalence of obesity is highest in ____ and African-American teens between ages of 12-19 years old.
HISPANIC
3 month old motor skill
HOLDS OPEN HAND TO FACE
The nurse is educating the parents of a 6-year old boy how to manage the child's introduction into elementary school. The child has an easy temperament. Which should the nurse suggest? a. Comforting the child when he is frustrated b. Helping the child deal with minor stress c. Scheduling several visits to the school before classes start d. Being firm with episodes of moodiness and irritability
Helping the child deal with minor stress
The school nurse is assessing the nutritional status of an overweight 12-year old girl. Which question is appropriate for the nurse to ask? a. Does your family have rules about foods and how they are prepared? b. What does your family do for exercise? c. How often does your family eat together? d. Have you gained weight recently?
How often does your family eat together?
According to Erickson, it is during adolescence that teenagers achieve a sense of ____
IDENTITY
Ways to develop self-worth is termed ____
INDUSTRY
Second only to growth during ____ adolescences provides the most rapid and dramatic changes in the size and proportions.
INFANCY
Motor vehicle accidents are a common cause of ____ in school age children.
INJURY
The over consumption of cow's milk may result in a deficiency of ____ due to the calcium blocking its absorption.
IRON
INTERNALIZING A SENSE OF SELF AND ONE'S ENVIRONMENT
Individuation
FEELINGS OF INABILITY OR NOT MEASURING UP TO THE ABILITIES OF OTHERS
Inferiority
1 month old motor skills
LIFTS HEAD WHILE PRONE
Erickson - Initiative versus guilt
LIKES TO PLEASE PARENTS
Compared with the earlier years, caloric needs of school children are ____
LOWER
A 9-year old boy has arrived for a health maintenance visit. Which milestone of physical growth should the nurse expect to observe? a. Brain growth is complete and the shape of the head is longer b. Lymphatic tissue growth is complete providing greater resistance to infections c. Frontal sinuses are developed while tonsils have decreased in size d. All deciduous teeth are replaced by 32 permeant teeth
Lymphatic tissue growth is complete providing greater resistance to infections
Bones
MINERALIZATION NOT COMPLETE UNTIL MATURITY
When ____ of the spinal cord is achieved around age 2, the toddler is capable of exercising voluntary control over sphincters.
MYELINIZATION
IMPROPER TEETH ALIGNMENT
Malocclusion
The ____ of the skeletal system is completed earlier in girls than in boys.
OSSIFICATION
During school, children are influenced by ____ and teachers.
PEERS
Families who listen and continue to demonstrate affection for and acceptance of their adolescent have a more ____ outcome
POSITIVE
During the ____ stage of development, according to Piaget, children begin to become more sophisticated with symbolic thought.
PREOPERATIONAL
Parachute Reflex
PREPARE TO "CATCH THEMSELVES"
Milk production is stimulated by ____ a hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary.
PROLACTIN
Risk taking behaviors of adolescents are those that could lead to physical or ____ injury.
PSYCHOSOCIAL
During a well-child check at the ambulatory clinic, the mother of a 10-year old boy reports concerns about her son's frequent questions about death and dying. Based upon knowledge of this age group the nurse understands that: a. At this age, children are not afraid of death b. Discussing death and dying may hint at a psychological disorder c. Consistent thoughts of death and dying at this age leads to the later development of depression. d. Preoccupation with death and dying is common in the school-age child
Preoccupation with death and dying is common in the school-age child
The nurse is conducting a well-child assessment of a 4-year old. Which assessment finding warrants further investigation? a. Presence of 20 deciduous teeth b. Presence of 10 deciduous teeth c. Absence of dental carries d. Presence of 19 deciduous teeth
Presence of 10 deciduous teeth
MATTER DOES NOT CHANGE WHEN FORMS CHANGE
Principle of conservation
2 month old motor skill
RAISES HEAD AND CHEST
The ability to understand what is being said or asked is called ____ language.
RECEPTIVE
4 month old motor skill
ROLLS FROM PRONE TO SUPINE
RETURNING TO A PRIOR DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE
Regression
FAMILIAR ROUTINE PROVIDES STRUCTURE AND SECURITY
Ritualism
Root Reflex
SEARCHES WITH THE MOUTH
Stranger anxiety is an indicator that the infant is recognizing himself as ___ from others.
SEPERATE
Heart
SMALLER IN SIZE IN RELATION TO THE BODY, THAN ANY OTHER DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE
It is important for the nurse to take into consideration the effects culture, ethnicity, and ____ have on adolescents.
SOCIOECONOMICS
Most young children are not capable of handling ____ or making decisions on their own before 11-12 years of age.
STRESS
Freud - Phallic stage
SUPER-EGO IS DEVELOPING AND CONSCIENCE IS EMERGING
Brain growth is complete by the time the ____ birthday is celebrated.
TENTH
During a night ____ a child will scream and thrash, but not awaken.
TERROR
6 month old motor skill
TRIPOD SITS
The bladder capacity for a 10-year old would be ____ ounces.
TWELVE
The Academy of Pediatrics recommends ____ hours or less a day of television viewing per day.
TWO
SPEECH THAT USES ESSENTIAL WORDS ONLY
Telegraphic Speech
The nurse is performing a physical assessment on an 11-year old girl during a health surveillance visit. Which of the following findings would suggests the child has reached adolescence? a. A significant muscle mass increase b. Eruption of last four molars c. Increased shoulder, chest, and hip widths d. The child has a higher blood pressure
The child has a higher blood pressure
The nurse has taken a health history and performed a physical exam for a 12-year old boy. Which finding is the most likely? a. The child's body fat has decreased since last year b. The child has different diet preferences than his parents c. The child has a leaner body mass than a girl his age d. The child has described a somewhat reduced appetite
The child has a leaner body mass than a girl his age
The nurse is caring for a 4-year old child who is hospitalized and in traction. The child talks about an invisible friend to the nurse. Which action by the nurse is indicated? a. The nurse should document the reports of hallucinations by the child b. The nurse should explain to the child that there are not friends present c. The nurse should discourage the child from talking about his imaginary friend d. The nurse should recognize this behavior as normal for the child's developmental age and do nothing
The nurse should recognize this behavior as normal for the child's developmental age and do nothing
Preschool-aged children are more susceptible to bladder infections than are adults due to the length of the ____.
URETHRA
The ____ remains short in both the male and female toddler, making them more susceptible to urinary tract infections compared to adults.
URETHRA
The nurse is discussing the activities of a 20-month old child has his mother. The mother reports that the children of her friends have a more advanced speech abilities than her child. After assessing the child, which finding is cause for follow up? a. Inability to point to named body parts b. Inability to talk with the nurse about something that happened a few days ago c. Points to pictures in books when asked d. Understands approximately 200 words
Understands approximately 200 words
Which behavior by an 18-year old is consistent with successful progression through the stages of Piaget's theory of development? a. Has a strong sense of understanding of internal identity b. Reflects a strong moral code c. Uses critical though processes to handle a problem d. Is able to be part of a large group of peers while maintaining a sense of self
Uses critical though processes to handle a problem
The nurse is promoting nutrition to a teen who is going through a growth spurt. Which food should the nurse recommend for its high iron content? a. Fat-free milk b. Whole grain bread c. Organic carrots d. Fresh orange juice
Whole grain bread
The nurse knows that the 13-year old girl in the examination room is in the process of developing her own set of values. Which activity will this child be experiencing according to Kohlberg's theory? a. Wishing her parents were more understanding b. Assuming everyone is interested in her favorite pop star c. Wondering what is the meaning of life d. Comparing morals with those of her peers
Wondering what is the meaning of life
The mother of an 18-month old girl voices concerns about her child's social skills. She reports that the child does not play well with others and seems to ignore other children who are playing at the same time. What response by the nurse is indicated? a. "It is normal for children to engage in play alongside other children at this age" b. "Has your child displayed any aggressive tendencies toward other children?" c. "Perhaps you should consider a preschool to promote more socialization opportunities" d. "Does your child have opportunities to socialize much with other children?"
a. "It is normal for children to engage in play alongside other children at this age"
The nurse is caring for a hospitalized 5-year old child. The child's mother has reported that her child has become very clingy. Which advice should the nurse provide? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY a. "Regression is normal during hospitalization" b. "Be careful not to coddle the child or it will result in regressive behaviors" c. "These behaviors are the result of a loss of self-control and are likely temporary" d. "Allowing the child to have some input in the care may be helpful in managing these behaviors" e. "The child may miss school and interaction with peers"
a. "Regression is normal during hospitalization" d. "Allowing the child to have some input in the care may be helpful in managing these behaviors" e. "The child may miss school and interaction with peers"
The nurse is providing teaching about child safety to the parents of a 4-yrar old girl, which statement by the parents indicates a need for further teaching? a. "We need to tell her that her vitamins are candy" b. "She still needs a booster seat in the car" c. "We need to know the basics of CPR and first aid" d. "We need to continually remind her about safety rules"
a. "We need to tell her that her vitamins are candy"
The nurse is about to see a 9-year old girl for a well-child check-up. Knowing that the child is in Piaget's period of concrete operational thought, which characteristic should the child display? a. Consider and action and its consequences b. View the world in terms of her own experience c. Make generalized assumptions about groups of things d. Know lying is bad because she gets sent to her room for it
a. Consider and action and its consequences
The nurse is providing anticipatory guidance to the parents of an 18-month-old girl. Which recommends should be the most helpful to parents? a. Giving the child time out for 1.5 minutes b. Ignoring bad behavior and praising good behavior c. Slapping her hand using 1-2 fingers d. Describing proper behavior when she misbehaves
a. Describing proper behavior when she misbehaves
The mother of a 3-year old child reports her son is afraid of the dark, she asks the nurse for help. Which advise is best for the nurse to offer? a. Encourage the parent to allow a small night light b. Encourage the parent to consider allowing the child to sleep with her c. Encourage the mother to check for monsters under the bed in the presence of the child d. Encourage the parents to leave a TV on in the child's room
a. Encourage the parent to allow a small night light
The nurse is observing a 3-year-old boy in a daycare center, which behavior might suggest a behavior problem? a. Has persistent separation anxiety b. Goes from calm to tantrum suddenly c. Sucks his thumb periodically d. Is unable to share toys with others
a. Has persistent separation anxiety
The nurse is providing helpful feeding tips to the mother of a 2-week old boy. Which recommendations will best help the child feed effectively? a. Maintain a feed on demand approach b. Apply a warm compress to the breast c. Encourage the infant to latch properly d. Maintain adequate diet and fluid intake
a. Maintain a feed on demand approach
The nurse is assessing a 3-year-old child, the nurse notes that child is unable to understand that objects hidden from sight still exist. The nurse correctly documents that the child is displaying: a. Object permanence b. Mental combinations c. Preoperational thinking d. Concrete thinking The nurse is discussing the
a. Object permanence
The nurse is observing a 36-month-old boy during a well-visit. Which motor skill has he most recently acquired? a. Undress himself b. Push a toy lawnmower c. Kick a ball d. Pull a toy while walking
a. Undress himself
The nurse is caring for a family with a 2-month old boy with colic. The mother reports feeling very stressed by the baby's constant crying. Which intervention will help most in the shower term? a. Urging the mother to take time for herself away from the child b. Educating the parents about when colic stops c. Assessing the parents' care and feeding skills d. Watching how parents respond to the child.
a. Urging the mother to take time for herself away from the child
The nurse is teaching a first-time mother with a 14-month-old boy about child safety. Which is the most effective overall safety information to provide guidance for the mother? a. "Place a gate at the top of each stairway" b. "Never let him out of your sight when outdoors" c. "Put chemicals in a locked cabinet" d. "Don't smoke in the house or car"
b. "Never let him out of your sight when outdoors"
The nurse is assessing an infant at his 4-month well-baby check-up. The nurse notes that at birth the baby weighed 8lbs (3.6 kg) and was 20 in (50.8 cm) in length. Which finding is most consistent with the normal infant growth and development? a. 21 lb (9.5 kg) 30 in (76.2 cm) b. 16 lb (7.3 kg) 26 in (66.0 cm) c. 15 lb (6.8 kg) 24 in (61.0 cm) d. 24 lb (10.9 kg) 26 in (66.0 cm)
b. 16 lb (7.3 kg) 26 in (66.0 cm)
The mother of a 1-month old infant voices concern about her baby's respirations. She states they are rapid and irregular. Which information should the nurse provide? a. Normal RR is 20-30 at this age. b. It is normal for irregularity and periodically to pause c. Infant should never have regular respirations d. The irregularity is concerning, I will notify the physician
b. It is normal for irregularity and periodically to pause
1. The nurse is assessing the oral cavity of a 4-month old infant, which finding is consistent with this age? a. 1-3 natal teeth b. No teeth c. 1-2 lower teeth d. 1 upper tooth
b. No teeth
The nurse is teaching the parents of a 6-month old boy about proper child dental care. Which action will the nurse indicate is most likely to cause dental carries? a. Not cleaning the baby's gums after eating b. Putting the baby to bed with a bottle of milk or juice c. Using a cloth instead of a brush for cleaning teeth d. Failing to clean with a fluoridated toothpaste. The nurse is assessing the sleeping practices of the parents
b. Putting the baby to bed with a bottle of milk or juice
The nurse is assessing the sleeping practices of the parents of a 4-month old girl who wakes repeatedly during the night. Which parent comment might reveal a cause for the night waking? a. They sing to her before she goes to sleep b. They put her too bed when she falls asleep c. If she is safe, they lie her down and leave d. The child has a regular, scheduled bedtime
b. They put her too bed when she falls asleep
The parents of an overweight 2-year-old boy admit that their child is a bit "chubby" but argue that he is a picky eater who will eat only junk food. Which response by the nurse is best to facilitate a healthier diet? a. "You may have to serve a new food 10 or more times" b. "Serve only healthy foods, he'll eat when he is hungry" c. "Give him more healthy choices with less junk food available" d. "Calorie requirements for toddlers are less than infants"
c. "Give him more healthy choices with less junk food available"
The nurse is examining a 6-month old girl who was born 8 weeks early. Which finding is a cause for concern? a. The child measures 21in (53cm) in length b. The child exhibits palmar grasp c. Head size has increased 5 inches (12cm) since birth. d. The child weighs 10 lb 2 oz (4.6kg)
c. Head size has increased 5 inches (12cm) since birth.
The nurse is educating mother of a 6-month boy about the symptoms of teething. Which symptom would the nurse identify? a. Running a mild fever or vomiting b. Choosing soft foods over hard foods c. Increased biting and sucking d. Frequent loose stools
c. Increased biting and sucking
The nurse is observing a 6-month old boy for developmental progress. For which typical milestone should the nurse look? a. Shifts a toy to his left hand and reaches for another b. Picks up an object using thumb and finger tips c. Puts down a little ball to pick up a stuffed toy d. Enjoys hitting a plastic bowl with a large spoon
c. Puts down a little ball to pick up a stuffed toy
The nurse is educating a mother of a newborn about feeding practices, the nurse correctly advises the mother: a. The best feeding schedule is every 4-6 hours b. Most newborns need to eat about 4 times per day c. The newborns stomach can hold about ½ to 1 ounce d. Demand scheduled feeding is associated with increased difficulty getting the baby to sleep through the night.
c. The newborns stomach can hold about ½ to 1 ounce
The mother of 1-week old boy voices concerns about her baby's weight loss since birth. At birth her baby weighed 7 lb (3.2 kg) the baby currently weighs 6 lb 1 oz (2.8 kg). which response by the nurse is the most appropriate? a. "All babies lose a substantial amount of weight after birth" b. "Your baby has lost too much weight and may need to be hospitalized" c. "Your baby's weight loss is well with the normal range" d. "Your baby has lost a bit more than the normal amount"
d. "Your baby has lost a bit more than the normal amount"
The nurse is teaching healthy eating habits to the parents of a 7-month old girl. Which recommendation is most valuable advice? a. Let the child eat only the foods she prefers b. Actively urge the child to eat new foods c. Provide small portions that must be eaten d. Serve new foods several times
d. Serve new foods several times
