Rome Chapter 5
Constantine's "New Rome" was established at the site of ancient
Byzantium
Roman antagonism toward Christianity was deepened by
Christian rejection of Roman religious practices.
The first Christian Emperor of the Roman Empire was
Constantine
Which of the following were among the Jewish population of Judea?
Essenes
Which of the following is a true statement about the centuriate assembly?
It had the responsibilities of electing the chief magistrates and passing legislation.
The founder of the Han dynasty was
Liu Bang.
The Roman general who began a new system of military recruitment that made soldiers loyal to their general and not the Senate was
Marius
The key figure in the spread of Christianity outside the Jewish community was
Paul of Tarsus.
The Roman general who returned from Spain as a military hero in 71 B.C.E. was
Pompey
Under ____, Christianity was made the official religion of the Roman Empire.
Theodosius
The greatest epic poet of the Late Republic was
Virgil
Signs of Roman decline were manifested by
a series of Germanic barbarian invasions
A development during the period of Julio-Claudian rule was that emperors
acted more openly as real rulers than as "first citizens of the state."
In addition to the construction of massive buildings, the Romans also built
aqueducts
Roman military commanders
became deeply involved in politics after 133 B.C.E.
The chief executive officers of the Roman Republic who were responsible for leading the Roman army into battle and administering the government were the
consuls
During the centuries of Roman history, from Republic to Empire, the paterfamilias' authority
decreased
Roman imperialism was characterized by
diplomacy, strategic fortifications, road construction, and allied military support.
Crassus was killed in battle, Caesar defeated Pompey and was later assassinated, Octavian defeated Antony, who committed suicide, and Octavian attained sole power and was named Augustus. As a result of the preceding, the traditional Roman Republic
ended
A fundamental difference between the Roman Empire and China's Han Empire was that the
essentials of the Han Empire were replicated by later dynasties but the Roman Empire disappeared except as an idea.
Octavian
established the praetorian guard to guard him and his successors.
The "good news" concerning Jesus was contained in the written
gospels
The Roman Senate
had 300 members who were chosen for life.
A central aspect of early Roman conquest was that all conquered peoples
had an interest in the success of Rome, since they could improve their status by demonstrating their loyalty to their conquerors.
Although at the time of the first Han dynasty census, in 2 C.E., the population of China was estimated at sixty million, within two centuries the oppressive Han policies had reduced the population to:
less than twenty million.
Rome was
located on the plain of Latium
During the Han dynasty
merchants brought Buddhism to China for the first time.
In comparison to Han China, in the Roman Empire
merchants were more highly regarded.
A the Zealots were
militant extremists who advocated the violent overthrow of Rome's rule.
In addition to the inventing of the rudder and fore-and-aft rigging, another significant Chinese invention of the Han era was
paper
Members of the aristocratic governing class in Rome were known as the
patricians
The basic message of Jesus of Nazareth was that
people should love God and each other.
The success of Christianity is widely believed by historians to have been due to its
promise of salvation, its familiarity, and its universality.
Roman literature
reached it high point in the age of Augustus.
The Third Punic War
resulted in Carthage being destroyed and its territory becoming a Roman province.
As it prospered, the early Roman Empire
saw the development of a large gap between rich and poor.
Roman slaves
staged a number of massive rebellions, the largest led by Spartacus in 71 B.C.E.
The major stages of Roman imperial expansion before 100 B.C.E. included
the involvement and seizures of the Hellenistic kingdoms in the eastern Mediterranean.
The third century C.E. was notable for all of the following except
the official adoption of Christianity as the religion of the empire.
All of the following are correct about the Roman army by the fourth century B.C.E. except
the phalanxi formation was employed by the Romans.
Under the reigns of the five "good emperors"
the range of responsibilities that were affected by the policies of the emperors increased
Roman jurists were able to provide a systematic framework for Roman law because
they came to assume that natural law, or universal law, was based upon reason.
The defenders of the plebeians were known as the
tribunes
Julius Caesar
was assassinated by leading senators convinced his death would restore the republic.
Traditional Roman religion
was based on the proper implementation of rituals by state priests.
The government of Rome
was originally a monarchy but later became a republic.
The First Punic War
was waged between Carthage and Rome over control of the island of Sicily.
Early Roman legends and tales
were incorporated into Livy's historical accounts to teach moral values and virtues.
The plebeians
were less privileged and often poorer than the patricians.
The Second Punic War
won Spain for Rome and resulted in Roman control over the western Mediterranean.