Russian Revolution Study Guide Chapter 14

Czarina Alexandra

Czar Nicholas wife, took over Russia while he was gone. Let Rasputin run how she does things Wife of Czar Nicholas II -Wife of Nicholas II -Left in charge and hired Rasputin

Leon Trotsky

Russian revolutionary and Communist theorist who helped Lenin and built up the army leader of Red Army Supporter of Lenin who helped in the takeover of Petrograd and the Bolshevik revolution

Duma

elected national legislature in Russia Russia's first parliament This was a legislative parliament in Russia with real political power

Soviets

A Russian council composed of representatives from the workers and soldiers. one of the local representative councils formed in Russia after the downfall of Czar Nicholas II

Why did Germany want to help Lenin return to Russia?

A Russian revolution caused by the Bolsheviks was most definitely the goal of the Germans when they allowed Lenin to pass through their lands. Germany wished to undermine, or end, the Russian war effort and sending Lenin back was done for that purpose.

Bolsheviks

A group of revolutionary Russian Marxists who took control of Russia's government in November 1917 Group of revolutionaries led by Lenin a member of the majority faction of the Russian Social Democratic Party

Propaganda

A negative term for writing designed to sway opinion rather than present information. A kind of biased communication designed to influence people's thoughts and actions False or misleading information that is spread to further a cause

What was Lenin's Revolution Slogan and why?

A skillful political entrepreneur, Lenin coined the simple slogan "Peace, Land, Bread" to signify his determination to make a separate peace with the Germans and recognize the peasants' spontaneous seizures of land.

Autocracy

A system of government in which the power to rule is in the hands of a single individual A country that is run according to the interests of the ruler rather than the people

What happened to Rasputin and why?

After failing to become a monk, Rasputin became a wanderer and eventually entered the court of Czar Nicholas II because of his alleged healing abilities. Known for his prophetic powers, he became a favorite of the Nicholas's wife, Alexandra Feodorovna, but his political influence was minor.

November 1917

Bolshevik Revolution Lenin's Bolsheviks overthrow elected government, start dictatorship -The Bolsheviks seize the Russian government Bolsheviks take power in Russia

Rasputin

Eccentric monk assassinated because of his corrupt influence on the Russian royal family Eccentric monk assassinated because of his corrupt influence on the Russian Government A self-described "holy man," he claimed to have magical healing powers.

Karl Marx

Father of Communism founder of modern communism The Communist Manifesto introduced the world to a radical type of socialism called marxism

Collective Farms

Government owned farms, workers were paid by government and they shared profits from products. farms comprised of 200 to 300 households; peasants were forced to join these Huge state-owned communal agricultural lands during the Communist regime

Totalitarian Government

Government where everything is controlled by one person (example: Dictatorship, Absolute Monarchy) a system in which government control extends to almost all aspects of people's lives

What does the saying "dictatorship of the Proletariat" mean?

In Marxist theory, the proletariat is the social class that does not have ownership of the means of production and whose only means of subsistence is to sell their labor power for a wage or salary. Proletarians are wage-workers, while some refer to those who receive salaries as the salariat.

Who fought for control of the Communist party after Lenin died?

Joseph Stalin

Nicolas II

Last czar of Russia last tsar of russia. executed in 1917 Last Russian Czar Bad ruler ignored the peoples needs

Why were people unhappy with Alexander Kerensky and the provisional government?

List two reasons people were unhappy with the Czar in Russia during WWI? These we are ... Alexander Kerensky - moderate socialist who served as the prime minister of the Provisional government. • Vladimir Ilyich Lenin - leader of the radical Bolsheviks; planned to topple the Provisional government.

Proletariat

Marx's term for the exploited class, the mass of workers who do not own the means of production Working class Working class or lower class

Explain the three events that lead up to the Czar Nicolas II abdicating his throne?

Nicholas led his country into another costly war, and discontent in Russia grew as food became scarce, soldiers became war-weary, and devastating defeats .... During the February Revolution, Czar Nicholas II, ruler of Russia since 1894, is forced to abdicate the throne on this day in 1917, after strikes and general ...

Alexander III

Politically reactionary czar who promoted economic modernization of Russia (1881-1894) (1881-1894) Politically reactionary czar who promoted economic modernization of Russia. A determined reactionary Tsar who nevertheless sped forward with economic modernization

What were some problems that the growth of factories brought Russia?

Rapid industrialization caused discontent among the people, the growth of factories brought new problems, poor working conditions, really low wages, child labor, outlawed trade unions.

Joseph Stalin

Revolutionary leader who took control of the Communist Party after Lenin Dictator of the Soviet Union

Vladimir Lenin

Russian founder of the Bolsheviks and leader of the Russian Revolution and first head of the USSR

Alexander Kerensky

Russian lawyer and politician who served as the minister of the Russian Provisional Government Leader of the Duma

USSR

The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. Created by Lenin in 1922. Russia

What is the five year plan and why did Stalin implement it?

The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) was a list of economic goals, created by General Secretary Joseph Stalin and based on his policy of Socialism in One Country. It was implemented between 1928 and 1932

Explain Lenin's New Economic Policy

The policy of War Communism, in effect since 1918, had by 1921 brought the national economy to the point of total breakdown. The Kronshtadt Rebellion of March 1921 convinced the Communist Party and its leader, Vladimir Lenin, of the need to retreat from socialist policies in order to maintain the party's hold on power

Explain the great purge and how many people died.

The purges affected not only those who openly opposed Stalin, but ordinary people too. During Stalin's rule of the country over 20 million people were sent to labor camps, where nearly half of them died

What are the main beliefs of Communism?

Though the term "communism" can refer to specific political parties, at its core, communism is an ideology of economic equality through the elimination of private property. The beliefs of communism, most famously expressed by Karl Marx, center on the idea that inequality and suffering result from capitalism.

What did Lenin do within a couple days of taking over the Russian Government (three things)

Under the leadership of Russian communist revolutionary Vladimir Lenin, the Bolshevik Party seized power in the Russian Republic during a coup known as the October Revolution. Overthrowing the pre-existing Provisional Government, the Bolsheviks established a new administration,

Pogroms

an organized massacre of a particular ethnic group, in particular that of Jews in Russia or eastern Europe

March 1917

beginning of revolution in Russia, one cause was food shortages Russian Revolution (Czar Abdicates) Revolution in which czar abdicates, and a representative government is formed

What is the Trans- Siberian Railway and which countries helped build it?

network of railways connecting Moscow with the Russian Far East. With a length of 9,289 kilometers, it is the longest railway line in the world. There are connecting branch lines into Mongolia, China and North Korea.

Mensheviks

the minority party that opposed the Bolsheviks; wanted peaceful socialism; were disorganized The smaller and more moderate faction of the Russian Social Democratic Party before World War I.Socialist party that believed in a political, diplomatic revolution to defeat the capitalists

Indoctrination

the process of teaching a person or group to accept a set of beliefs uncritically. teaching someone to accept an idea or system of beliefs without criticism Teaching someone to accept a set of beliefs without questioning them