SAT English

Dr. Jane Goodall has worked tirelessly to _________ the effects of climate change on chimpanzees in Tanzania: her research has shown that government commitments to reforestation efforts can help lessen the negative impacts of warming temperatures on chimpanzee populations in Tanzania as well in other African countries. A. insulate B. downplay C. tolerate D. mitigate

D. mitigate

answer

D. the study indicates that the expressions of babies in the womb may represent similar emotions to those of newborn

Researchers in the field of behavioral finance have identified a tendency of investors to sell assets after they have increased in value but to retain assets after they have decreased in value. Some assert that such behavior is irrational because long term studies of the stock market indicate that on average stocks that have performed well in the last six months are more likely to perform well in the next six months than stocks that have performed poorly in the recent past. One hypothesized explanation for this supposedly irrational behavior is that people do not enjoy winning as much as they dislike losing. Which would most directly weaken the potential explanation?

A. Practitioners of the behavior claim that both selling high value stocks and retaining low value stocks are solely motivated by the thrill of a potential fiduciary triumph. B. Most investors believe that stocks that have trended in a particular direction for many months are more likely to reverse course than continue their present trend. C. The most experienced investors are the most likely to retain stocks that have increased in value recently. D. The more competitive a person ranks themselves, the more likely they are to retain stocks that have declined in value recently.

In the poem, the speaker describes the determination of soldiers to continue despite their heavy losses:

A. "A march in the ranks hard-pressed, and the road unknown, / A route through a heavy wood with muffled steps in the darkness, / Our army foil'd with loss severe, and the sullen remnant retreating, / Till after midnight glimmer upon us the lights of a dim-lighted building," B. "We come to an open space in the woods, and halt by the dim-lighted building, / 'Tis a large old church at the crossing roads, now an impromptu hospital, / Entering but for a minute I see a sight beyond all the pictures and poems ever made, / Shadows of deepest, deepest black, just lit by moving candles and lamps. C. "But first I bend to the dying lad, his eyes open, a half-smile gives he me, / Then the eyes close, calmly close, and I speed forth to the darkness, / Resuming, marching, ever in darkness marching, on in the ranks, / The unknown road still marching." D. "Then before I depart I sweep my eyes o'er the scene fain to absorb it all, / Faces, varieties, postures beyond description, most in obscurity, some of them dead, / Surgeons operating, attendants holding lights, the smell of ether, the odor of blood, / The crowd, O the crowd of the bloody forms, the yard outside also fill'd,"

answer

A. Although gone, the author's beloved is not forgotten.

Nuclear energy, a power source expected to grow in the coming decades, relies upon an element that is considered a finite resource on land: uranium. However, vast amounts of uranium exist in low concentrations in seawater. The time, effort, and cost needed to extract uranium form seawater has long been prohibitive, but a team of researchers from the Indian Institute has created a metal-organic framework that was able to pull 93.6% of uranium from seawater samples in two hours, representing a significant improvement from previous methods. Nevertheless, the new method has not yet been tested in a real-world marine setting, and it's expected that seven with the improvements it is not likely to result in a net energy gain.

A. It presents a scientific challenge, then describes a failed attempt to address that challenge B. It evaluates the effectiveness of a method of energy production, then addresses a potential criticism of the method C. It explains the significance of a technological advancement, then qualifies its current usability answer: C

It was understood- and this, anyhow, on Mark's own authority- that his father had been a country clergyman. It was said that, as a boy, Mark had attracted the notice, and patronage, of some rich old spinster of the neighborhood, who had paid for his education, both at school and university. At about the time when he was coming down from Cambridge, his father had died; leaving behind him a few debts, as a warning to his family, and a reputation for short sermons, as an example to his successor. UNDERLINED Neither wanting nor example seems to have been effective. UNDERLINED Mark went to London, with an allowance from his patron, and (it is generally agreed) made acquaintance with the moneylenders. He was supposed, by his patron and nay others who inquired, to be "writing"; but what he wrote, other than letters asking for more time to pay, has never been discovered. Whats' the purpose of the underlined sentence?

A. It restates the reason the main character left home. B. It introduces the setting described in the following sentences. C. It establishes an important personality trait of the main character. D. It explains the source of the conflict addressed in the previous sentences.

answer

A. Practitioners of the behavior claim that both selling high value stocks and retaining low value stocks are solely motivated by the thrill of a potential fiduciary triumph.

The following text is from Arthur Conan Doyle's 1891 story "A Case of Identity." "My dear fellow," said Sherlock Holmes, "life is infinitely stranger than anything which the mind of man can invent. We would not dare to conceive the things which are really mere commonplaces of existence. If we could hover over this great city, gently remove the roofs, and peep in at the queer things which are going on, it would make all fiction, with its conventionalities and foreseen conclusions, most stale and unprofitable." Which choice best states the main idea of the text? A. Sherlock Holmes compares real life to the capacity of human imagination. B. Sherlock Holmes laments that fiction pales in comparison to real life. C. Sherlock Holmes states that it would be hard to be an author if one couldn't come up with new ideas. D. Sherlock Holmes describes his desire to observe the people in the city.

A. Sherlock Holmes compares real life to the capacity of human imagination.

What is the main idea of the text, which is addressed to an unknown person? In hearts like thine ne'er may I hold a place Till I renounce all sense, all shame, all grace- That seat, -like seats, the bane of Freedom's realm, But dear to those presiding at the helm- is basely purchased, not with gold alone; Add Conscience, too, this bargain is your own- 'Tis then to offer with corrupting art The rotten borough of the human heart. A. The speaker is expressing disapproval towards the unknown person B. The speaker is unimportant to the unknown person C. The speaker is thinking of purchasing a seat D. The speaker holds a place in the heart of the unknown person

A. The speaker is expressing disapproval towards the unknown person

The following text is adapted from William Ernest Henley's 1888 poem "Invictus" Out of the night that covers me, Black as the pit from pole to pole, I thank whatever gods may be For my unconquerable soul. In the fell clutch of circumstance I have not winced nor cried aloud. Under the bludgeonings of chance My head is bloody, but unbowed. Beyond this place of wrath and tears Looms but the Horror of the shade, And yet the menace of the years Finds and shall find me unafraid. It matters not how strait the gate, How charged with punishments the scroll, I am the master of my fate, I am the captain of my soul. The primary purpose of the poem is best described by which of the following answers? A. To demonstrate that strength can be derived from weakness B. To exemplify there is inherent weakness in humanity C. To urge the reader to live his or her life to the fullest D. To demonstrate the narrator's fear of death

A. To demonstrate that strength can be derived from weakness

ants problem A. ants may have unintended environmental consequences when used to control pests in certain circumstances B. other species may also be effective in providing services to farmers C. ants as pest control provide numerous services w/out serious ramifications D. scientists do not yet know whether using ants to control organisms is a net positive in any situation

A. ants may have unintended environmental consequences when used to control pests in certain circumstances

The use of pesticides in agriculture poses risks to both humans and the environment, so finding alternative methods of pest control is an important area of research. The use of ants to control pests in China goes back to at least the 4th century CE, and farmers in places such as Kenya, Ghana, and Canada have also used ants to control various organisms. Entomologist Diego Anjou and others have identified several positive effects (services) of ants, such a reducing both the abundance of non-honeydew-producing specifies and plant damage. However, ants also have negative effects, such as increasing the abundance of honeydew-producing species and spreading pathogens, suggesting that____

A. ants may have unintended environmental consequences when used to control pests in certain circumstances B. other species may also be effective in providing services to farmers C. ants as pest control provide numerous services w/out serious ramifications D. scientists do not yet know whether using ants to control organisms is a net positive in any situation A

The Permian-Triassic extinction eliminated 90% of Earth's life and so was thought to have had a devastating effect on the remaining ecosystems. However, some scientists posit that the plants left over weren't as _____________ assumed; analysis of the reptile Palacrodon's fossilized teeth reveals that it had a diet of vegetation, indicating that plants at this time period were surprisingly resilient. A. assailable B. determinate C. objectionable D. liminal

A. assailable

Answer

A. collaborate with the caddisfly larvae by providing them with building materials that would best showcase the larva's abilities to create organic art.

In 2012, thousands of scientists working at the Large hadron Collider in Switzerland were finally able to _________ the existence of the long-predicted Higgs boson particle, first theorized as necessary in order to explain the mass of a fundamental particle by Peter Higgs and Francois Englert in 1964. These scientists confirmed a patter of decay products that could be explained only by the Higgs boson particle. A. corroborate B. exonerate C. contextualize D. postulate

A. corroborate

Text 1 Most geologists believe the continents formed as material bubbled up from the Earth's core. In the presence of water, buoyant granite formed on the underside of the bubbles and become the base upon which a continent would grow. This theory remains unproven, however, because the motion of the continents and the interactions along their edges destroy the geological record, thus making it impossible to study. Text 2 Tim Johnson and colleagues argue that the original continents were seeded by meteorites. The collision of the meteorites with the hot surface of the Earth caused fragments of the crust to cool and become buoyant patches to which additional material would adhere, forming continents. To support their view, they cite the composition of crystals formed close to the surface of the earth. How would text 2 describe the view of the geologists presented in Text 1?

A. it is largely correct but requires a minor refinement in light of the results obtained by Johnson and colleagues. B. It is not compelling as a theory regardless of the data collected by Johnson and colleagues C. It is more likely to be accepted in conjunction with the data provided by Johnson and colleagues D. it may seem plausible but is not supported by the findings of Johnson and colleagues

Recent measurements of the mass of a certain subatomic particle, the W boson, were higher than would ordinarily be predicted by the Standard Model of particle physics. While these findings won't necessarily require that scientists ___________ the Standard Model, the new data might indicate that some modifications to our understanding of the nature of these particles are warranted. A. overhaul B. withhold C. embrace D. misapprehend

A. overhaul

Answer

C. It establishes an important personality trait of the main character

Pregnant mothers are often extremely interested in healthy eating habits to help support their growing babies. Researchers from Durham University performed a study to identify how babies in the womb responded to different foods in their mothers' diets. Babies in the womb exposed to sweeter flavors, such as carrots, showed happier facial expressions, while those exposed to more bitter flavors, such as kale, showed sadder facial expressions. Since there is strong evidence from previous studies to suggest that positive facial expressions in newborn babies indicate the presence of similarly positive emotions, ________ Which choice most logically completes the text?

A. the foods a mother eats while pregnant could potentially influence the emotional disposition of their future children. B. the responses from the baby in the womb will tell the mother exactly which categories of foods her baby will like once born. C. the disparity between the levels of enjoyment of different types of vegetables is displayed in both babies in the womb and newborn babies. D. the study indicates that the expressions of babies in the womb may represent similar emotions to those of newborn

A central challenge when studying the impact of leadership positions on everyday behavior is establishing a suitable control group. Any study aiming to investigate the impact of leadership positions on everyday behavior needs to compare individuals in positions of leadership to those who are not but who otherwise possess similar characteristics. Because it is often hard to anticipate who will rise to leadership positions, researchers_______ A. will find it challenging to execute an accurate comparative analysis B. struggle to find reputable data about the changes in behavior in those who currently hold leadership positions C. can only conduct valid studies on individuals who have recently left leadership positions D. should select a large control group of diverse people

A. will find it challenging to execute an accurate comparative analysis

answer

C. Men and women have similar changes in brain volume after the birth of their children that seems to bestow parenting benefits, but these develop through different physiological processes.

last problem's answer

B

Prometheus Bound is a circa 460 BCE Greek tragedy written by Aeschylus, translated in 1921 by ED A Morshead. The play follows the punishment of Prometheus for defying Zeus and providing humanity with the gift of fire. In the play, Prometheus questions the justice of his punishment and denounces Zeus as a cruel ruler, as when he says, _____ A. "O Earth, the Mighty Mother, and thou Sun, / Whose orbed light surveyeth all- attest, /What ills I suffer from the gods, a god!" B. "Such and so shameful is the chain/ Which Heaven's new tyrant doth ordain/ To bind me helpless here." C. "Ay, stern is Zeus, and Justice stands,/Wreched to his purpose, in his hands-" D. "Such the aid/I gave the lord of heaven-my meed for which/ He paid me thus, a penal recompense!"

B. "Such and so shameful is the chain/ Which Heaven's new tyrant doth ordain/ To bind me helpless here."

Scientists have known that women's brains undergo structural changes as a result of pregnancy. They have also found a positive correlation between the decrease in brain volume during pregnancy and feelings of attachment to the new infant. These observations support the hypothesis that the brain changes are an evolutionary adaptation to improve parenting behaviors. In what may be another interesting example of similar evolutionary goals being me try different physiological mechanisms, research by Magdalena Martinez-García indicates similar, but smaller, changes int eh brains of new fathers that are also positively correlated with affectionate feelings towards infants.

B. Men lose less brain volume than women do after rate birth of their children, yet experience similar feelings of attachment to their children, likely due to similar physiological changes after the birth of their child. C. Men and women have similar changes in brain volume after the birth of their children that seems to bestow parenting benefits, but these develop through different physiological processes.

Mexican Maya author Marisol Ceh Moo writes in both Spanish and Yucatec (one of the 33 Mayan languages). She gained notoriety upon publication of her debut novel Teya, the Heart of a Woman, the first novel written by a woman in the Yucatec language. Traditionally, Maya authors primarily write short stories, songs, and poems. They typically focus on retelling myths or writing about subjects such as Mayan culture and Indigenous peoples. Instead, Ceh Moo sets her story in contemporary times and depicts the life, career, and assassination of a young leader of a group of communist revolutionaries. What choice best describes Ceh Moo's approach to literature? B. She pays tribute to her Maya heritage while simultaneously defying the expectations that come from working in a Mayan language D. She uses her work to criticize both colonialist powers and the traditionalists of her own culture

B. She pays tribute to her Maya heritage while simultaneously defying the expectations that come from working in a Mayan language

The Road Not Taken" is a 1915 poem by Robert Frost. Some literary analysts posit that the poem implies that the choices we make do not really matter. Which quotation from "The Road Not Taken" most effectively illustrates the claim? A. Two roads diverged in a yellow wood / And sorry I could not travel both / And be one traveler, long I stood B. Then took the other, as just as fair / And having perhaps the better claim / Because it was grassy and wanted wear C. Oh, I kept the first for another day! / Yet knowing how way leads on to way / I doubted if I should ever come back. D. I took the one less traveled by / And that has made all the difference.

C. Oh, I kept the first for another day! / Yet knowing how way leads on to way / I doubted if I should ever come back.

The speaker is a governess who, having been assigned to a new position, has just been introduced to the housekeeper as well as one of the girls that the governess will now be responsible for. I had no drop again till the next day, for I was carried triumphantly through the following hours by my introduction to the younger of my pupils. The little girl who accompanied Mrs. Grose appeared to me on the spot a creature so charming as to make it a great fortune to have to do with her. She was the most beautiful child I had ever seen, and I afterward wondered that my employer had not told me more of her. Main purpose? A. To confirm that the girl is the younger of the two children the governess will be caring for B. To describe how excited the governess was to have been entrusted with the care of the little sister D. To emphasize how charming, fortunate, and beautiful the sister is

B. To describe how excited the governess was to have been entrusted with the care of the little sister

Pellagra is a potentially fatal disease resulting from niacin deficiency (vitamin B3), with its symptoms including the stiffening and peeling of skin exposed to sunlight. This niacin deficiency often results from a diet centered on corn, which needs to undergo nixtamaliza-tion via the or a comparable chemical solution. This process is sometimes not practiced in impoverished areas, but it improves the nutritional benefit of corn and cuts the rate of pellagra. A. alkaline, solution limewater B. alkaline solution limewater C. alkaline solution, limewater D. alkaline solution, limewater,

B. alkaline solution limewater

John Ball, a revolutionary priest active in the years following the Black Death during the late 14th century, quickly gained notoriety for ___________ both religious and secular authorities: this condemnation was aimed at tearing down the class system in place at the time and establishing a new, egalitarian society. A. proselytizing B. censuring C. envisaging D. declaring

B. censuring

A highly influential leader of the US civil rights movement, Martin Luther King Jr. ___________ his commitment to nonviolent resistance by organizing and directing numerous peaceful protests and sit-ins across the US in the 1960s: his actions revealed his unwavering dedication to advancing the cause of civil rights without resorting to violence. A. characterized B. evinced C. elided D. gauged

B. evinced

The Chicxulub crater, located in Mexico, was discovered by Antonio Camargo and Glen Penfield and is believed to be the result of an asteroid impact. Many researchers have found evidence to support the hypothesis that the impact caused the Cretaceous-Paleogene extinction event. _______ the surrounding areas contain shocked quartz that is only formed through high pressure and tektites that are often ejected from meteorites. Which choice completes the text with the most logical transition? A. as a result, B. however, C. in other words, D. specifically,

B. however.

In 1967, the US Supreme Court ruled that American citizens could not be relieved of their citizenship without their consent in the case Afroyim v. Rusk. This case overruled another important case, Perez v. Brownell, which mandated the loss of citizenship after voting in an election in another country. ________ Perez v. Brownwell prompted a discussion about voluntary versus involuntary choices; according to the ruling, citizenship could not be removed for unintentional actions. A. actually, B. nevertheless, C. additionally, D. for instance,

B. nevertheless,

Used to test the resistance to corrosion of surface coatings and materials, the salt spray test is a common method employed to aid in quality testing of metallic, ceramic, stone, and polymer products. The ______ process is brief, low-cost, and highly methodized, allowing for producers to easily spot differences in quality and adjust their manufacturing accordingly. A. rudimentary B. pervasive C. erroneous D. intermittent

B. pervasive

. "O Melancholy" O Melancholy, dark and deep Your chill descends on all I keep My sadness grows and I weep As I suffer your cold lonely grip Oh, why must you haunt me so? Oh, how I wish I could flee Your darkness that has captured me But I know I must find the key To unlock my heart, set my soul free. O Melancholy, I can see Your power over me must cease Your hold on me I must release If I am to find true peace. What is the main idea of the text? A. The author explores their relationship with sadness. B. Melancholy acts as a prison for the human soul. C. One must allow oneself to be released from sadness in order to be happy. D. Unlocking one's heart requires deep reflection and introspection.

C. One must allow oneself to be released from sadness in order to be happy.

answer

C. But first I bend to the dying lad, his eyes open, a half-smile gives he me, / Then the eyes close, calmly close, and I speed forth to the darkness, / Resuming, marching, ever in darkness marching, on in the ranks, / The unknown road still marching.

- Some animals use bright colors, such as red or yellow, to attract mates, while other animals use the same colors to warn predators - researches were curious whether there was an explanation for why animals evolved colors for one goal or the other - the researchers found that animals whose ancestors were active during the day use colors to attract mates. - They also found that animals whose ancestors were active during the night use colors to warn predators. - Warning predators with colors is known as aposematism. The student wants to emphasize a similarity between the two ways animals use colors A. As well as using bright colors to attract mates, animals use colors such as red or yellow to warn predators C. The two diff goals of animals' bright colors are determined by the time of day the animals' ancestors were active D. Animals evolved to use bright colors in two diff ways: to attract mates or to warn predators

C. The two diff goals of animals' bright colors are determined by the time of day the animals' ancestors were active

The following text is adapted from John Gould Fletcher's 1918 poem "Masonubu—Early." She was a dream of moons, of fluttering handkerchiefs, Of flying leaves, of parasols, A riddle made to break my heart; The lightest impulse To her was more dear than the deep-toned temple bell. She fluttered to my sword-hilt an instant, And then flew away; But who will spend all day chasing a butterfly? What choice best states the main purpose of the text? A. To contrast a chance encounter with a beautiful butterfly with the realities of war. B. To criticize those who would distract an individual serving their country in the line of duty. C. To discuss the wistful feelings that an individual has for an ethereal lover who has left him. D. To demonstrate that a soldier has grown weary of his code of ethics after losing the love of a delicate woman.

C. To discuss the wistful feelings that an individual has for an ethereal lover who has left him.

Robert Liston was a British surgeon notable for several professional achievements; yet, he is largely remembered for ____________ event. During the speedy amputation of a patient's leg, Liston accidentally amputated the fingers of his surgical assistant. Both the patient and assistant subsequently died of gangrene. A spectator at the surgery fainted, dying from shock. Thus, Liston is known for conducting the only surgery in history with a 300% mortality rate. A. a wily B. a trite C. an infamous D. a glorious

C. an infamous

Archimedes of Syracuse, an ancient Greek scientist active in the third century BCE, is predominately renowned for a method for measuring volume using water displacement. However, in 1906, a parchment containing Archimedes's writings was discovered which revealed that he was also a pioneering mathematician who had __________ calculus, describing concepts thought to have been first developed in the 1500s. A. exemplified B. verified C. anticipated D. translated

C. anticipated

The possibility of recycling used car tires as building materials is ______ indeed: the disposal of used tires is a major environmental problem, so potentially reusing them would be beneficial. Furthermore, initial studies have shown that walls made of used tires and dirt are more structurally robust than those made of concrete. A. derivative B. ludicrous C. auspicious D. innovative

C. auspicious

New Zealand writer Katherine Mansfield gained notoriety at only nineteen for her collection The Garden Party and Other Stories. While this collection explores narratives of travel and relationships, her later work, dating from her residency in Europe while battling tuberculosis, examines themes of psychology and death, a turn which _______ the more innocuous tales of her youth. Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase? A. illustrates B. simplifies C. belies D. chronicles

C. belies

An American tennis player considered one of the greatest _________ Althea Gibson was the first African American player to win a Grand Slam title, the French Championship, in 1956. A. ever: B. ever; C. ever, D. ever

C. ever,

A parasocial relationship is where the consumer of a media product perceives a close personal relationship with the performer in that product. While their one-way relationship with the media figure is _________, the consumer can nevertheless experience intense emotions, ranging from romantic love to stinging betrayal. Interest in the study of parasocial relationships first arose in the 1950s, as they were widely noted following the rise of radio and television. A. anomalous B. deceptive C. illusory D. scandalous

C. illusory

Ludonarrative dissonance is a term used in the study and design of video games. It refers to an _________ the narrative of a game's story, told through cut-scenes or dialogue, and the narrative created by the gameplay. For example, the story might ostensibly be about a thief struggling with the morality of stealing to provide for her family. However, if the fun of gameplay is centered on stealth, sneaking past guards to rob f safe or steal famous artwork, then a clash is created between what the story and gameplay are saying about theft. A. ambivalence toward B. expunging of C. incompatibility between D. objectification of

C. incompatibility between

Ecotourism is a phenomenon in which travelers journey to regions of _______ natural beauty, focusing on conservation and sustaining the local populations. The benefits of ecotourism include education for the traveler, greater awareness of different cultures, and fundraising to counter the impact of urbanization and restore the biomes of regions not as fortunate as those ecotourists visit. Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase? A. aesthetic B. consecrated C. inviolate D. resurrected

C. inviolate

Groundbreaking research conducted by James Peebles and his team is motivated by their belief that though the importance of the properties of dark matter are widely accepted, there is an ___________ the influence of dark matter on the universe that continues to elude the scientific community. A. acknowledgement of B. argument about C. understanding of D. allegiance to

C. understanding of

I am in need of music that would flow Over my fretful, feeling finger-tips, Over my bitter-tainted, trembling lips, With melody, deep, clear, and liquid-slow. Oh, for the healing swaying, old and low, Of some song sung to rest the tired dead, A song to fall like water on my head, And over quivering limbs, dream flushed to glow! There is a magic made by melody: A spell of rest, and quiet breath, and cool Heart, that sinks through fading colors deep To the subaqueous stillness of the sea, And floats forever in a moon-green pool, Held in the arms of rhythm and of sleep. The underlined text "There is magic made by melody:" marks a shift in mood from A. tense to hopeful B. pessimistic to confident C. lonely to tender D. despondent to serene

D. despondent to serene

The Great Barrier Reef is composed of over 2,900 individual reefs that span more than 1,400 miles. Although the Great Barrier Reef is the world's largest structure made of living entities, marine biologists are concerned that reef coverage has declined significantly since 1950, in part due to land-based chemicals polluting the ocean. These biologists believe that strictly controlling the use of fertilizers, herbicides, and pesticides will allow the Great Barrier Reef to regenerate. Why are biologists concerned about the Great Barrier Reef? A. Its already huge structure cannot accommodate many more new reefs. B. It can't expand into new areas because it requires fertilizer to grow. C. It is no longer generating new reefs. D. It once spread over a much larger area than it does today.

D. It once spread over a much larger area than it does today.

Fish sometimes appear in otherwise uninhabited bodies of water, seemingly emerging out of nowhere. Some scientists believe that the fish are carried to these locations in the beaks or talons of birds. ____ new research suggests that the fish eggs enter a state of hibernation and are actually eaten by birds and excreted out into the bodies of water. A. for instance, B. next, C. likewise, D. alternatively,

D. alternatively

Astronautics owes much to the ________ contributions of Charles Whitest. His ground-breaking development of the manned maneuvering unit enabled the first spacewalks to which astronauts were not tethered to a spacecraft. A. dubious B. futile C. galvanizing D. avant-garde

D. avant-garde

Contemporary composer Max Richter's experimental electronic music is __________ looping and phrasing techniques featuring spoken word pieces and elements of electronica. Drawing from his studies with Luciano Berio, Richter artfully revisualizes traditional classical music by weaving synthesizer sounds with samples, resulting in unique compositions that go beyond either source. A. portrayed by B. coupled with C. denoted through D. constructed from

D. constructed from.

answer

D. it may seem plausible but is not supported by the findings of Johnson and colleagues

The following text is adapted from Life and Remains of John Clare "The Northamptonshire Peasant Poet" by John Clare I am! Yet what I am who cares, or knows? My friends forsake me, like a memory lost. I am the self-consumer of my woes, They rise and vanish, an oblivious host, Shadows of life, whose very soul is lost. And yet I am—I live—though I am toss'd The author's tone can best be described as __________ . A. impetuous B. conclusive C. mocking D. melancholy

D. melancholy

Text 1 Phagotherapy is the therapeutic use of phages, a form of virusthat injects their genome into bacterial cells, thus interrupting an infection. Phagotherapy has fewer side effects than antibiotics, and there is less risk of the bacterium developing resistance. UNDERLINED-Phages are typically harmless to the host and other beneficial bacteria because a phage will kill a bacterium only if it matches the specific strain, and therefore a smaller effective dose can be used.-UNDERLINED Text 2 In phagotherapy, finding an effective phage for a given infection is challenging. Therefore, using phages in lieu of antibiotics entails a need to create screening methods for efficient identification of the therapeutic phage(s). A system of certifications for the production, warehousing, safe transport, and quality control of phages is necessary, and the medical field must be able to guarantee the beneficence of phagotherapy.

How would the author of Text 2 most likely respond to the assertion in the underlined portion of Text 1? A. By agreeing with the assertion in Text 1 that phagotherapy works by killing bacterium, but disagreeing that a phage will only kill a bacterium that matches a specific strain B. By questioning the straightforwardness of the process described in Text 1 and the notion that phagotherapy is necessarily better than antibiotic therapy C. By conceding that the assertion in Text 1 is true, but arguing that the particular composition of the phages is at the root of the challenge of finding an effective phage D. By emphasizing that the process described in Text 1 underscores the necessity for safe warehousing and transport of phages

"Remembrance" Cold in the earth—and the deep snow piled above thee, Far, far removed, cold in the dreary grave! Have I forgot, my only Love, to love thee, Severed at last by Time's all-severing wave? Now, when alone, do my thoughts no longer hover Over the mountains, on that northern shore, Resting their wings where heath and fern-leaves cover Thy noble heart forever, ever more? Cold in the earth—and fifteen wild Decembers, From those brown hills, have melted into spring: Faithful, indeed, is the spirit that remembers After such years of change and suffering! Sweet Love of youth, forgive, if I forget thee, While the world's tide is bearing me along; Other desires and other hopes beset me, Hopes which obscure, but cannot do thee wrong!

Main idea A. Although gone, the author's beloved is not forgotten. B. After death, the author's beloved is largely forgotten. C. Every day events have distracted the author from caring for the beloved. D. Loyalty to the memory of the beloved is the most important aspect of a relationship.

A common insect found worldwide, caddisflies are primarily terrestrial during their adulthood and solely aquatic during their adolescence. Caddisfly larvae use the debris and substrate found in the water to form individual cocoons in which to pupate. It is this natural creative process using found, organic materials that inspired French artist Hubert Duprat's 2014 work "Caddis." Duprat constructed an artificial habitat for caddisfly larvae using clean water with only flakes and rods of gold and tiny pieces of precious and semi-precious stones for their cocoons. Referring to himself as an "architect," Duprat's intention was to ___________

Which choice most logically completes the text? A. collaborate with the caddisfly larvae by providing them with building materials that would best showcase the larva's abilities to create organic art. B. profit off of the larvae's labor by selling the cocoons that were built using the supplied materials of gold and precious and semi-precious metals. C. prove that caddistly larvae would be unable to construct cocoons using materials that were not naturally found in their habitat. D. create an art installation that brought awareness to the ecological impact of the caddisflies' life cycles, with a special emphasis on the pupal stage.