Saunders: Reproductive System

The nurse working in a prenatal clinic reviews a client's chart and notes that the primary health provider documents that the client has a gynecoid pelvis. The nurse plans care understanding that which findings are characteristic of this type of pelvis? Select all that apply. A. Round shape B. Shallow depth C. Narrow pubic arch D. Diagonal conjugate measures 12.5 cm to 13 cm E. Blunt, somewhat widely separated ischial spines

A, D, E Rationale: A gynecoid pelvis is a normal female pelvis, and it is the most favorable for successful labor and birth.

The nursing student is asked to describe the size of the uterus in a non pregnant client. Which response indicates an understanding of the anatomy of this structure? A. "The uterus weighs about 2 ounces." B. "The uterus weighs about 2.2 pounds." C. "The uterus has a capacity of about 50 milliliters." D. "The uterus is round in shape and weighs approx 1000g."

A. "The uterus weighs about 2 ounces." Rationale: Before conception, the uterus is a small, pearl shaped organ that is contained entirely in the pelvic cavity. Before pregnancy, the uterus weighs approx 2oz and it has a capacity of about 10 ml. At the end of pregnancy, the uterus weighs approx 1000g or 2.2 lb and it has a capacity that is sufficient for the fetus, the placenta, and the amniotic fluid.

A couple comes to the family planning clinic and asks about sterilization procedures. Which question by the nurse helps determine whether this method of family planning is appropriate? A. "Have either of you had surgery?" B. "Do you plan to have any other children?" C. "Do either of you have diabetes?" D. "Do either of you have a problem with high blood pressure?"

B. "Do you plan to have any other children?" Rationale: Sterilization is a method of contraception for couples who have completed their families.

The nurse is describing the process of fetal circulation to a client during a prenatal visit. The nurse should tell the client that fetal circulation consists of which components? A. Two umbilical veins and one umbilicial vein B. Two umbilical arteries and one umbilical vein C. Arteries that carry oxygenated blood to the fetus D. Veins that carry deoxygenated blood to the fetus

B. Two umbilical arteries and one umbilical vein Rationale: Blood pumped by the fetus's heart leaves the fetus through the two umbilical arteries. After the blood is oxygenated, it is then returned by one umbilical vein. The umbilical arteries carry deoxygenated blood and waste products from the fetus, and the umbilical vein carries oxygenated blood and provides oxygen and nutrients to the fetus.

During the prenatal visit, the nurse checks the fetal heart rate (FHR) of a client in the third trimester of pregnancy. The nurse determines that the FHR is normal if which heart rate is noted? A. 80 beats per minute B. 100 beats per minute C. 150 beats per minute D. 180 beats per minute

C. 150 beats per minute Rationale: Fetal heart rate depends on gestational age. It is normally 160 to 170 beats per minute during the first trimester, but it slows with fetal growth to 110 to 160 beats per minute near or at term.

A nursing student is assigned to a client in labor. The nursing instructor asks the student to describe fetal circulation, specifically the ductus venosus. The instructor determines that the student understands the structure of the ductus venosus if the student states which? A. Connects the pulmonary artery to the aorta B. Is an opening between the right and the left atria C. Connects the umbilical vein to the inferior vena cava D. Connects the umbilical artery to the inferior vena cava

C. Connects the umbilical vein to the inferior vena cava Rationale: The ductus venosus connects the umbilical vein to the inferior vena cava. The foramen oval is a temporary opening between the right and left atria. The ductus arterioles join the aorta and the pulmonary artery.

The nurse is reinforcing teaching to a pregnant woman about the physiological effects and the hormonal changes that occur during pregnancy. The woman asks the nurse about the purpose of estrogen. The nurse bases the response on which purpose of estrogen? A. It maintains the uterine lining for implantation B. It stimulates the metabolism of glucose and converts glucose to fat C. It stimulates uterine development to provide an environment for the fetus and stimulates the breasts to prepare for lactation D. It prevents the involution of the corpus luteum and maintains the production of progesterone until the placenta is formed

C. It stimulates uterine development to provide an environment for the fetus and stimulates the breasts to prepare for lactation Rationale: Estrogen stimulates uterine development to provide an environment for the fetus and it stimulates the breasts to prepare for lactation. Progesterone maintains the uterine lining for implantation and relaxes all smooth muscle.

The nurse is collecting data from a pregnant client when the client asks the nurse about the purpose of the Fallopian tubes. Which is the accurate response the nurse should make? A. The organ of copulation B. Where the fetus develops C. Where fertilization occurs D. The organ that secretes estrogen and progesterone

C. Where fertilization occurs Rationale: Each Fallopian tube is a hallow muscular tube that transport a mature oocyte for final maturation and fertilization. Fertilization typically occurs near the boundary between the ampulla and the isthmus of the tube.

The client asks the nurse about the purpose of the placenta. The nurse plans to respond to the client knowing which about the placenta? A. Cushions and protects the fetus B. Maintains the body temp of the fetus C. Surrounds the fetus and allows for fetal movement D. Provides an exchange of nutrients and waste products between the mother and the fetus

D. Provides an exchange of nutrients and waste products between the mother and the fetus

The nursing instructor asks a nursing student to list the functions of the amniotic fluid. The student needs further teaching if which responses are made? Select all that apply. A. Allows for fetal movement B. Is a measure of kidney function C. Surrounds, cushions, and protects the fetus D. Maintains the body temperature of the fetus E. Prevents large particles such as bacteria from passing the fetus F. Provides an exchange of nutrients and waste products between the mother and the fetus

E and F Rationale: The amniotic fluid surrounds, cushions, and protects the fetus.