science
the prefix milli means
0.001
the prefix kilo means
1,000
a car is moving with a constant speed of 15.0m/s along a straight path. What is the distance covered by the car in 12.0 min
1.08X10 first power km
how many meters are the in 1865 cm
18.65
a beaker contains 0.32L of water. what is the volume of this water in mililiters
320ml
a total of 95,000J of thermal energy are added to 2.81kg of lead (specific heat=130J/kg-K) to reach a final temperature of 642K. What was the initial temperature of the lead?
382K
T or F : the momentum of a 5000kg truck that is standing still is greater than the momentum of a 3,000kg truck that is also at rest
False
the correct symbol for the SI unit of temperature is
K
what is the specific heat of a substance that requires 99,100J of thermal energy to heat 3.47kg of this substance from 11C to 45C?
Q=M(tt-ti)C 99,100= 3.75kg(45-11)X 840K
the specific heat of copper is 385j/kg-K. If a 2.6kg block of copper is heated from 300K to 450K, how much thermal energy is absorbed?
Q=m(tf-ti)C 2.6(450-300)(385)=150,000J
A 2.15kg block of aluminum (specific heat=897J/kg-K) is at an initial temperature of 300K. What will its final temperature be if 335,000 J of thermal energy are added
Q=m(tf-ti)C 474K
The temperature of a 2-kg metal block rises by 10C when 8000J is supplied to it. what the specific heat of the metal
Q=m(tf-ti)C 8000=2kg times 10 times x 8000/20=20x/20 400j/kg-K
a block of copper(specific heat 385J/kg-K) requires 635,000 J of thermal energy to change in temperature from 17C to 139C. What is the mass of this copper block?
Q=m(tt-ti)C 13.5kg
worldwide system of measurement
SI
the slope of the line on a speed-time graph tells the (speed)
acceleration
solar collectors are part of a
active solar heating system
all of the following are good conductors of heat EXCEPT____
air
which of the following would be the best insulator
air
a material that reduces the flow of heat by conduction, convection, and radiation is____
an insulator
another term for technology is
applied science
true or false. air is a (good) conductor of heat
bad
one benefit of the SI system is that it is
based on multiples of ten
SI prefix meaning 0.01
centi
a heat engine
changes thermal energy into mechanical energy
the best type of graph to use to show how some fixed quantity is broken down into parts is
circle graph
the dissolved substances in seawater include about 55% chlorine, 30.6% sodium, 7,7% sulfate, and 6.7% other salt choose the most useful graph to display these data and create a graph.
circle graph
the process by which engine fuels burn is called
combustion
which is the transfer of thermal energy through direct contact of particles?
conduction
a factor that does NOT change in an experiment is
constant
a single point on a distance-time graph tells the
constant speed
a standard for comparison that helps to ensure that the experimental results is caused by the condition being tested is the
control
When a pot of water is put on a stove, the water at the top gets hot primarily by
convection
derived unit of volume
cubic centimeter
Jar A and jar B both have a volume of 500ml. Jar A has a mass of 1/05kg and jar B has a mass of 750g. what are the densities of the two jars in g/cm, which has the greater density?
d=m/v jar A greatest density.
if a drag racer wins the final round of her race by going an average speed of 198.37 miles per hour in 4.537s, what distance did he cover?
d=sxt 0.2500
when a cold can of soda is insulated, the heat flow into the can on a hot day____
decreases
plotted on the vertical or y-axis
dependent variabl
in a graph showing temperature change of a material over time, temperature change is the
dependent variable
most materials ______when they are heated
expand
studying the effect of one thing on another in order to test a hypothesis is a
experiment
T or F: Jane is on a merry-go-round that is moving at a constant speed. Her velocity is also constant
false
T or F: acceleration can never be negative
false
T or F:acceleration is defined as the rate of change of position
false
true or false. conduction is the transfer of energy by the bulk movement of matter
false
true or false. heat is a measure of the average kinetic energy of all the particles in an object
false
true or false. in a vacuum flask, the vacuum helps in reducing heat loss due to radiation
false
true or false. in an internal combustion engine, fuel burns outside the engine in chambers called cylinders
false
true or false. shiny materials absorb radiant energy
false
true or false. the amount of the thermal energy transferred between objects depends only on their masses and initial and final temperatures.
false
true or false. the reading on a speedometer represents the average velocity of the car
false
true or false. when the same amount of thermal energy is added to both the object with high specific heat will increase in temperature more than the object with a low specific heat.
false
if you ride your bicycle down a straight road for 500m then turn around and ride back, your distance is______your displacement
greater than
a device that converts thermal energy into mechanical energy is a
heat engine
refrigerators and air conditioners are examples of
heat movers
a device that can be used both for cooling and heating is a
heat pump
water makes a good coolant because it has
high specific heat
The variable plotted on the horizontal or x-axis is called the
independent variable
a factor that is manipulated in an experiment to change the dependent variable is the
independent variable
T or F. if you travel though a city and find that you travel 5km in 30min, you could say that your (constant) speed is 6km/h.
instantaneous
the speed you read on a speedometer is
instantaneous speed
gasoline engines and diesel engines are
internal combustion
the thermal energy of an object is
its kinetic energy plus its potential energy
SI unit of temp
kelvin
SI prefix meaning 1,000
kilo
SI unit of mass
kilogram
arrange the following in order from smallest to largest: centimeter, kilometer, meters, micrometers, millimeters
kilometers, meters, centimeters, millimeters, micrometer
T or F. if you are driving up a curvy mountain road, your displacement would be (greater) than your distance
less
through which of the following will convection most likely occur
liquids and gases
amount of material in an object
mass
SI unit of length
meter
SI prefix meaning 0.001
mili
an idea, event, or object can be represented by a ____to help people better understand it.
model
in an experiment to determine whether the popping of popcorn is affected by the temperature at which its stored, counting the popped kernels is an example of
observation
the process of gathering information through the senses is called
observation
T or F. motion is a change in (direction)
position
T or F. motion occurs when there is a change in (speed)
position
energy rom the sun travels to earth as
radiant energy
fast food restaurant keep food hot with infrared lamps. The heat is transferred to the food by
radiation
the inside surface of the glass inside a vacuum bottle is coated with aluminum to prevent heat loss by
radiation
the transfer of energy that does NOT require matter is
radiation
the relationship among speed, distance and time is
s=d/t
a rule or principle that describes what happens in nature is a
scientific law
The SI unit used to measure time is
second
motion is a change in
speed
true or false. Heating a substance causes it molecules to (slow down)
speed up
When designing an experiment, the first step is to
state the problem
the application of scientific knowledge to help people is
technology
the light bulb is an example of
technology
heat is thermal energy transferred from one object to another because of a difference in
temperature
temperature is a measure of ____of the particles in an object
the average kinetic energy
a measurement standard is defined as
the exact quantity people agree to use for comparision
when a closed tin is heated, the pressure inside it increases. this happens because
the molecules move faster and each molecule strikes the walls of the tin more often
an explanation of an event that is based on repeated observations and experiments is a
theory
heat is ______energy tht is transferred from one object at a certain temperature to another at a different temperature
thermal
T or F. the total distance traveled divided by the (constant speed) is the average speed.
total time
which is an example of heating through conduction
touching a hot stove
a piece of wood measures 30cm long, 6cm wide, and 3cm high. The piece of wood has a mass of 270g. what is the density of pine wood/
v=lengthxwidthxheight 30x6x3=540 d=m/v d=270/540
3m/s north is an example of
velocity
a merry-go-round horse moves at constant speed but at a changing
velocity
which is an example of heating through convection
warm air rising toward the ceiling