science

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the prefix milli means

0.001

the prefix kilo means

1,000

a car is moving with a constant speed of 15.0m/s along a straight path. What is the distance covered by the car in 12.0 min

1.08X10 first power km

how many meters are the in 1865 cm

18.65

a beaker contains 0.32L of water. what is the volume of this water in mililiters

320ml

a total of 95,000J of thermal energy are added to 2.81kg of lead (specific heat=130J/kg-K) to reach a final temperature of 642K. What was the initial temperature of the lead?

382K

T or F : the momentum of a 5000kg truck that is standing still is greater than the momentum of a 3,000kg truck that is also at rest

False

the correct symbol for the SI unit of temperature is

K

what is the specific heat of a substance that requires 99,100J of thermal energy to heat 3.47kg of this substance from 11C to 45C?

Q=M(tt-ti)C 99,100= 3.75kg(45-11)X 840K

the specific heat of copper is 385j/kg-K. If a 2.6kg block of copper is heated from 300K to 450K, how much thermal energy is absorbed?

Q=m(tf-ti)C 2.6(450-300)(385)=150,000J

A 2.15kg block of aluminum (specific heat=897J/kg-K) is at an initial temperature of 300K. What will its final temperature be if 335,000 J of thermal energy are added

Q=m(tf-ti)C 474K

The temperature of a 2-kg metal block rises by 10C when 8000J is supplied to it. what the specific heat of the metal

Q=m(tf-ti)C 8000=2kg times 10 times x 8000/20=20x/20 400j/kg-K

a block of copper(specific heat 385J/kg-K) requires 635,000 J of thermal energy to change in temperature from 17C to 139C. What is the mass of this copper block?

Q=m(tt-ti)C 13.5kg

worldwide system of measurement

SI

the slope of the line on a speed-time graph tells the (speed)

acceleration

solar collectors are part of a

active solar heating system

all of the following are good conductors of heat EXCEPT____

air

which of the following would be the best insulator

air

a material that reduces the flow of heat by conduction, convection, and radiation is____

an insulator

another term for technology is

applied science

true or false. air is a (good) conductor of heat

bad

one benefit of the SI system is that it is

based on multiples of ten

SI prefix meaning 0.01

centi

a heat engine

changes thermal energy into mechanical energy

the best type of graph to use to show how some fixed quantity is broken down into parts is

circle graph

the dissolved substances in seawater include about 55% chlorine, 30.6% sodium, 7,7% sulfate, and 6.7% other salt choose the most useful graph to display these data and create a graph.

circle graph

the process by which engine fuels burn is called

combustion

which is the transfer of thermal energy through direct contact of particles?

conduction

a factor that does NOT change in an experiment is

constant

a single point on a distance-time graph tells the

constant speed

a standard for comparison that helps to ensure that the experimental results is caused by the condition being tested is the

control

When a pot of water is put on a stove, the water at the top gets hot primarily by

convection

derived unit of volume

cubic centimeter

Jar A and jar B both have a volume of 500ml. Jar A has a mass of 1/05kg and jar B has a mass of 750g. what are the densities of the two jars in g/cm, which has the greater density?

d=m/v jar A greatest density.

if a drag racer wins the final round of her race by going an average speed of 198.37 miles per hour in 4.537s, what distance did he cover?

d=sxt 0.2500

when a cold can of soda is insulated, the heat flow into the can on a hot day____

decreases

plotted on the vertical or y-axis

dependent variabl

in a graph showing temperature change of a material over time, temperature change is the

dependent variable

most materials ______when they are heated

expand

studying the effect of one thing on another in order to test a hypothesis is a

experiment

T or F: Jane is on a merry-go-round that is moving at a constant speed. Her velocity is also constant

false

T or F: acceleration can never be negative

false

T or F:acceleration is defined as the rate of change of position

false

true or false. conduction is the transfer of energy by the bulk movement of matter

false

true or false. heat is a measure of the average kinetic energy of all the particles in an object

false

true or false. in a vacuum flask, the vacuum helps in reducing heat loss due to radiation

false

true or false. in an internal combustion engine, fuel burns outside the engine in chambers called cylinders

false

true or false. shiny materials absorb radiant energy

false

true or false. the amount of the thermal energy transferred between objects depends only on their masses and initial and final temperatures.

false

true or false. the reading on a speedometer represents the average velocity of the car

false

true or false. when the same amount of thermal energy is added to both the object with high specific heat will increase in temperature more than the object with a low specific heat.

false

if you ride your bicycle down a straight road for 500m then turn around and ride back, your distance is______your displacement

greater than

a device that converts thermal energy into mechanical energy is a

heat engine

refrigerators and air conditioners are examples of

heat movers

a device that can be used both for cooling and heating is a

heat pump

water makes a good coolant because it has

high specific heat

The variable plotted on the horizontal or x-axis is called the

independent variable

a factor that is manipulated in an experiment to change the dependent variable is the

independent variable

T or F. if you travel though a city and find that you travel 5km in 30min, you could say that your (constant) speed is 6km/h.

instantaneous

the speed you read on a speedometer is

instantaneous speed

gasoline engines and diesel engines are

internal combustion

the thermal energy of an object is

its kinetic energy plus its potential energy

SI unit of temp

kelvin

SI prefix meaning 1,000

kilo

SI unit of mass

kilogram

arrange the following in order from smallest to largest: centimeter, kilometer, meters, micrometers, millimeters

kilometers, meters, centimeters, millimeters, micrometer

T or F. if you are driving up a curvy mountain road, your displacement would be (greater) than your distance

less

through which of the following will convection most likely occur

liquids and gases

amount of material in an object

mass

SI unit of length

meter

SI prefix meaning 0.001

mili

an idea, event, or object can be represented by a ____to help people better understand it.

model

in an experiment to determine whether the popping of popcorn is affected by the temperature at which its stored, counting the popped kernels is an example of

observation

the process of gathering information through the senses is called

observation

T or F. motion is a change in (direction)

position

T or F. motion occurs when there is a change in (speed)

position

energy rom the sun travels to earth as

radiant energy

fast food restaurant keep food hot with infrared lamps. The heat is transferred to the food by

radiation

the inside surface of the glass inside a vacuum bottle is coated with aluminum to prevent heat loss by

radiation

the transfer of energy that does NOT require matter is

radiation

the relationship among speed, distance and time is

s=d/t

a rule or principle that describes what happens in nature is a

scientific law

The SI unit used to measure time is

second

motion is a change in

speed

true or false. Heating a substance causes it molecules to (slow down)

speed up

When designing an experiment, the first step is to

state the problem

the application of scientific knowledge to help people is

technology

the light bulb is an example of

technology

heat is thermal energy transferred from one object to another because of a difference in

temperature

temperature is a measure of ____of the particles in an object

the average kinetic energy

a measurement standard is defined as

the exact quantity people agree to use for comparision

when a closed tin is heated, the pressure inside it increases. this happens because

the molecules move faster and each molecule strikes the walls of the tin more often

an explanation of an event that is based on repeated observations and experiments is a

theory

heat is ______energy tht is transferred from one object at a certain temperature to another at a different temperature

thermal

T or F. the total distance traveled divided by the (constant speed) is the average speed.

total time

which is an example of heating through conduction

touching a hot stove

a piece of wood measures 30cm long, 6cm wide, and 3cm high. The piece of wood has a mass of 270g. what is the density of pine wood/

v=lengthxwidthxheight 30x6x3=540 d=m/v d=270/540

3m/s north is an example of

velocity

a merry-go-round horse moves at constant speed but at a changing

velocity

which is an example of heating through convection

warm air rising toward the ceiling


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