Science Flash Cards (chpt. 8 and 9

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Machine

A device with moving parts that work together to accomplish a task.

Work

A form of energy that comes from force applied over distance. A force of 1 newton does 1 joule of work when the force causes 1 meter of motion in the direction of the force. Work=Force*Distance

Gear

A rotating wheel with teeth that transfers motion and forces to other gears or objects.

Lever

A stiff structure that rotates around a fixed point called a fulcrum.

Watt (W)

A unit of power equal to one joule per second.

Simple Machine

An unpowered mechanical device that accomplishes a task with only one movement.

Output

Forces, energy, or power provided by the machine.

Input

Forces, energy, or power supplied to make a machine accomplish a task.

Power

The rate of doing work or moving energy. Power is equal to energy (or work) divided by time. Power=Work/Time

Mechanical Advantage

The ratio of output force divided by input force.

Gear Ratio

The ratio of output turns to input turns for a pair of gears.

Efficiency

The ratio of usable output work divided by total input work. Efficiency is often expressed as a percent, with a perfect machine having 100 percent efficiency.

Work Output

The work that an object does as a result of work input.

Work Input

The work that is done on an object.


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