Science Test Ch. 3-6

Cooling

By what process does magma become an igneous rock?

Weathering away and moving by wind, water, and ice

By which process does a metamorphic rock become sediment? A.) heat and pressure B.) cooling C.) melting D.) weathering away and moving by wind, water, and ice

Metamorphic rock

Which type of rock is most likely formed by process 2? Process 2: new rock formed after rock experiences high temperatures and pressure

Some minerals have the same color

Why can't only color identify a mineral?

Calcite

A student observes an unknown mineral. It was yellow, had a white streak, and was able to be scratched by Quartz. Which of these minerals is the student MOST likely observing?

Crystallization☄

Cooling causes what?

Sediment Ex. Water, wind, and glaciers

Erosions movement of ________________

Parallel

Floated rocks are grains in _________________ layers.

Geode

Hollow rock lined with mineral crystal

Extrusive

Igneous rocks that form when lava cools on Earth's surface are which type of igneous rocks?

Randomly

Non foliated rocks are grains arranged _______________

Marble- non-foliated, produced from metamorphism of limestone. Composed primarily of calcium carbonate Schist- foliage do, contains amounts of mica Gneiss- metamorphic with banding medium to coarse grains, segregated into bands Slate- foisted, fine grained. Formed from shale and used for roofing Quartzite- produced by metamorphism of sandstone. Composed primarily of Quartz, non-foliated

Pick a metamorphic rock and describe it -Marble -Schist -Gneiss -Slate -Quartzite

Amphibole- common,dark, heavy, and a rock forming mineral Quartz- most common on earth. 98% primarily mineral

Pick a mineral from section 1 minerals and describe it -Amphibole -Quartz

Calcite- forms from limestone made of calcium carbonate Feldspar: rock-forming mineral(aluminum and silica)industrially important in glass.

Pick a mineral from section 2 minerals and describe it -Calcite -Feldspar

Gypsum- used as prefabricated wallboard,industrial, or building plaster Olivine- magnesium iron silicate, common on earth's surface

Pick a mineral from section 3 minerals and describe it -Gypsum -Olivine

Galena-common, contains lead. Forms cubes and has luster/shine. Pyroxene- important, major mineral in the rock basalt.

Pick a mineral from section 4 minerals and describe it -Galena -Pyroxene

Limestone- composed primarily of calcium carbonate, forms in marine waters Rock salt- forms when water evaporates and leaves dissolved minerals Conglomerate-space between the clasts are small particles that bind the rock together

Pick a sedimentary rock and describe it -Limestone -Rock Salt -Conglomerate

Andesite- fine grained rock, mainly of plagioclase Rhyolite-light colored, contains Quartz and feldspar minerals Basalt- dark colored forms from cooled lava

Pick an igneous-extrusive rock and describe it -Andesite -Rhyolite -Basalt

Diorite- coarse grained rock; contains mixture of feldspar, pyroxene, and hornblende Gabbro- coarse grained rock, dark colored, most abundant rock in the ocean crust Granite- large crystals, composed mainly of Quartz and feldspar

Pick an igneous-intrusive rock and describe it •Diorite •Gabbro •Granite

Layers or Lack of Layers

Rock are collated or non-foliated depending on their______________________.

Igneous Rocks

Rocks that are produced when magma or lava cools and hardens are called _____________?

-loose materials -cemented, compacted together -water with dissolved minerals -"glue" rock together

Sedimentary rock formation forms in layers of what?

Gypsum

Students are observing properties of an unknown mineral. The mineral is soft enough to be scratched by. Fingernail. What mineral could the students be observing?

On a continuing journey

The rock cycle shows each rock____________________________.

Change under extreme pressure

The word metamorphic means_______________________.

-Hexagonal -Taxtregonal

Two patterns that crystalline forms

Rock Ex. Wind, water, and ice

Weathering is the breaking down of ______

Evaporation Ex.) Halite

What do minerals form from?

Color

What is usually the least useful property to use in identifying an unknown mineral?

Weathering and erosion

What process in the rock cycle results in broken pieces of rock known as sediment?

Streak is the color of the powder left by a mineral when it is rubbed against a surface

What statement provides the best description of the mineral property called streak?

Above the surface

Where would extrusive igneous rocks be located?

Metamorphic rocks are melted and then cooled

Which best describes one way igneous rocks form? A.) sedimentary rocks erode B.) sedimentary rocks are compacted C.) metamorphic rock are melted and then cooled D.) metamorphic rocks are deposited and cemented

B. Sedimentary Rock is heated and squeezed to form metamorphic rock

Which can occur in the rock cycle? A.) metamorphic rock melts to form sedimentary rock B.) sedimentary rock is heated and squeezed to form metamorphic rock C.) igneous rock is eroded to form metamorphic rock D.) none of the above

Radiation

Which factor would have the LEAST effect on the formation of a rock? A.) weathering B.) radiation C.) pressure D.) melting

D. All of the above

Which state applies to minerals? A.) more than 4,000 have been identified. B.) you can find them in your shaker C.) each has a unique arrangement of atoms D.) all of the above

Rocks are classified by how they were formed

Which statement best describes how rocks are classified as igneous, sedimentary, or metamorphic? A.) rocks are classified by where they are found B.) Rocks are classified by how old they are C.) rocks are classified by how they were formed D.) rocks are classified by their color