Science Topic 3 Lesson 3
Muscle tissue
contracts and shortens to move parts of the body.
Hormones interact with digestive and circulatory system
control the amount of sugar in the blood.
Hormonal Control (Endocrine System)
chemicals released from the endocrine glands to control body processes.
Mouth
chewing
Female
creates egg cells; and nurtures a fetus until birth.
Male
creates sperm cells
Digestive System as a Whole
circulatory system carries nutrients around the body.
Saturated fat
come from animal products
Unsaturated fat
come from plant products
Connective tissue
(bone/fat/blood) provides support and "connects" the body together.
Epithelial tissue
(skin) protects your insides from damage; covers inner and outer surfaces of the body.
Large Intestine functions
Absorbs water from wastes Rectum - stores waste Anus - eliminates waste
Transporting Materials
Blood vessels carry oxygen, nutrients, carbon dioxide and waste to and from every cell in the body.
Stomach
Enzymes and hydrochloric acid break down food.
Digestive System
Helps useful substances from food pass through intestine walls, and into the bloodstream.
Meeting Energy Needs
Hormones from endocrine system signal the nervous system to make you feel hungry.
Fighting Disease
Immune system works to fight disease. WBC temporary increase, sometimes causing a fever.
Cells and Tissues
Similar cells work together to form a tissue
Movement
Skeletal, Muscular, Nervous Systems - Muscles attach to bones to move them; nervous system controls when and how your muscles act on the bones.
Integumentary System
Skin, hair, and nails protect your body from outside damage, keep skin waterproof, and regulate temperature.
Lower Digestive System
Small Intestine, Liver, Pancreas
Endocrine System
a collection of glands that produce hormones; function to control energy level, body temperature digestion, growth, and moods.
Organ System
a group of organs working together.
Organ
a group of tissues working together
Chemical Digestion
chemical breakdown of food.
Nervous System and Skeletal/Muscular Systems
allow you to move.
Circulatory and Respiratory
blood interacts with the lungs to pick up oxygen and release carbon dioxide.
Circulatory and Kidney
blood passes through kidneys to be filtered.
Skeletal System
bones and connective tissue work to support and protect your body, to make blood cells, and to store minerals.
Respiratory System
brings in oxygen, removes carbon dioxide (gasses diffuse between bloodstream and lungs).
Nerve tissue
carries electrical signals between the brain and the rest of the body.
Circulatory System
carries oxygen, nutrients, wastes, and disease fighting cells all over the body.
Each system is made of smaller parts
cells
Main Nutrients
digestion allows for absorption of these six main nutrients.
Intestines
digestive juices in intestines completes most of the breakdown of food.
Proteins -
growth and repair; made up of amino acids.
Maintaining Water Balance
if cells need more water, nervous system causes you to feel thirsty, sending signals to muscles and skeletal to drink water. Waterpasses through digestive system, into circulatory system, and into cells.
Excretory System
kidneys, sweat glands, and lungs release wastes from the body. Liver breaks down toxins so that the kidneys can pull them out of your blood.
Complex (starch)
larger molecules that are healthier sources of energy
Fats
long term energy storage
Immune System
lymph nodes and vessels trap bacteria and viruses; white blood cells destroy bacteria and other pathogens.
Muscular System
made of muscle to control movements, help you stand upright, allow you to breathe, and moves food and blood throughout the body.
Homeostasis
maintaining a stable internal environment when the outside environment changes.
Digestion
the process by which your body breaks down food into small nutrient molecules.
Water
most important nutrient for the body; most obtained through the food you eat.
Small Intestine
most nutrients are absorbed into bloodstream from the small intestine.
Controlling Body Functions
nervous system uses electrical signals and endocrine system uses chemical signals (hormones) to control body processes.
Minerals
nutrients not made by the body, but needed for chemical reactions
Esophagus
peristalsis squeezes food down into stomach.
Mechanical
physical movement and breakdown of food.
Nervous system sends signals to skin and muscles
produce goosebumps when it gets cold.
Pancreas
produces trypsin to help break down proteins; secretes insulin.
Carbohydrates
provides energy for the organism. Made up of sugar.
Nervous and Digestive System
release saliva when food is observed.
Nervous system sends signals to sweat glands
release sweat when it gets hot.
Mouth (Chemical Digestion)
saliva uses enzymes (proteins) that speed up the breakdown of the food.
Liver
secretes (releases) bile to help break down fat molecules; filters blood from toxins; stores extra vitamins.
Stimulus and Response
senses allow you to react to changes in the environment.
Large Intestine
shorter than small intestine; last stage of digestion
Structural Systems
skin attached to muscle, anchored to bones; altogether the three systems provide your shape and allow you to move.
Circulatory and Digestive
small intestines send nutrients into bloodstream.
Simple (sugar)
smaller molecules that taste sweet
stomach
squeezes food
Keeping Balance
structures in the inner ear sense your position; information is sent to brain and brain sends information to muscles to keep you steady.
Nutrients
substances in food that provide the raw materials the body's cells need to carry out all their essential processes.
Hormones interact with excretory system
the circulatory system to control the amount of water in the bloodstream.
Managing Stress
too much stress can affect immune system, heart, digestion, and other health problems
Nervous System-
uses brain, spinal cord, and nerves to control your body by sending nerve impulse.
Digestive and Circulatory
work together to help cells get the energy they need to function.
Nervous, skeletal, muscular
work together to move.
