Science Topic 3 Lesson 3

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Muscle tissue

contracts and shortens to move parts of the body.

Hormones interact with digestive and circulatory system

control the amount of sugar in the blood.

Hormonal Control (Endocrine System)

chemicals released from the endocrine glands to control body processes.

Mouth

chewing

Female

creates egg cells; and nurtures a fetus until birth.

Male

creates sperm cells

Digestive System as a Whole

circulatory system carries nutrients around the body.

Saturated fat

come from animal products

Unsaturated fat

come from plant products

Connective tissue

(bone/fat/blood) provides support and "connects" the body together.

Epithelial tissue

(skin) protects your insides from damage; covers inner and outer surfaces of the body.

Large Intestine functions

Absorbs water from wastes Rectum - stores waste Anus - eliminates waste

Transporting Materials

Blood vessels carry oxygen, nutrients, carbon dioxide and waste to and from every cell in the body.

Stomach

Enzymes and hydrochloric acid break down food.

Digestive System

Helps useful substances from food pass through intestine walls, and into the bloodstream.

Meeting Energy Needs

Hormones from endocrine system signal the nervous system to make you feel hungry.

Fighting Disease

Immune system works to fight disease. WBC temporary increase, sometimes causing a fever.

Cells and Tissues

Similar cells work together to form a tissue

Movement

Skeletal, Muscular, Nervous Systems - Muscles attach to bones to move them; nervous system controls when and how your muscles act on the bones.

Integumentary System

Skin, hair, and nails protect your body from outside damage, keep skin waterproof, and regulate temperature.

Lower Digestive System

Small Intestine, Liver, Pancreas

Endocrine System

a collection of glands that produce hormones; function to control energy level, body temperature digestion, growth, and moods.

Organ System

a group of organs working together.

Organ

a group of tissues working together

Chemical Digestion

chemical breakdown of food.

Nervous System and Skeletal/Muscular Systems

allow you to move.

Circulatory and Respiratory

blood interacts with the lungs to pick up oxygen and release carbon dioxide.

Circulatory and Kidney

blood passes through kidneys to be filtered.

Skeletal System

bones and connective tissue work to support and protect your body, to make blood cells, and to store minerals.

Respiratory System

brings in oxygen, removes carbon dioxide (gasses diffuse between bloodstream and lungs).

Nerve tissue

carries electrical signals between the brain and the rest of the body.

Circulatory System

carries oxygen, nutrients, wastes, and disease fighting cells all over the body.

Each system is made of smaller parts

cells

Main Nutrients

digestion allows for absorption of these six main nutrients.

Intestines

digestive juices in intestines completes most of the breakdown of food.

Proteins -

growth and repair; made up of amino acids.

Maintaining Water Balance

if cells need more water, nervous system causes you to feel thirsty, sending signals to muscles and skeletal to drink water. Waterpasses through digestive system, into circulatory system, and into cells.

Excretory System

kidneys, sweat glands, and lungs release wastes from the body. Liver breaks down toxins so that the kidneys can pull them out of your blood.

Complex (starch)

larger molecules that are healthier sources of energy

Fats

long term energy storage

Immune System

lymph nodes and vessels trap bacteria and viruses; white blood cells destroy bacteria and other pathogens.

Muscular System

made of muscle to control movements, help you stand upright, allow you to breathe, and moves food and blood throughout the body.

Homeostasis

maintaining a stable internal environment when the outside environment changes.

Digestion

the process by which your body breaks down food into small nutrient molecules.

Water

most important nutrient for the body; most obtained through the food you eat.

Small Intestine

most nutrients are absorbed into bloodstream from the small intestine.

Controlling Body Functions

nervous system uses electrical signals and endocrine system uses chemical signals (hormones) to control body processes.

Minerals

nutrients not made by the body, but needed for chemical reactions

Esophagus

peristalsis squeezes food down into stomach.

Mechanical

physical movement and breakdown of food.

Nervous system sends signals to skin and muscles

produce goosebumps when it gets cold.

Pancreas

produces trypsin to help break down proteins; secretes insulin.

Carbohydrates

provides energy for the organism. Made up of sugar.

Nervous and Digestive System

release saliva when food is observed.

Nervous system sends signals to sweat glands

release sweat when it gets hot.

Mouth (Chemical Digestion)

saliva uses enzymes (proteins) that speed up the breakdown of the food.

Liver

secretes (releases) bile to help break down fat molecules; filters blood from toxins; stores extra vitamins.

Stimulus and Response

senses allow you to react to changes in the environment.

Large Intestine

shorter than small intestine; last stage of digestion

Structural Systems

skin attached to muscle, anchored to bones; altogether the three systems provide your shape and allow you to move.

Circulatory and Digestive

small intestines send nutrients into bloodstream.

Simple (sugar)

smaller molecules that taste sweet

stomach

squeezes food

Keeping Balance

structures in the inner ear sense your position; information is sent to brain and brain sends information to muscles to keep you steady.

Nutrients

substances in food that provide the raw materials the body's cells need to carry out all their essential processes.

Hormones interact with excretory system

the circulatory system to control the amount of water in the bloodstream.

Managing Stress

too much stress can affect immune system, heart, digestion, and other health problems

Nervous System-

uses brain, spinal cord, and nerves to control your body by sending nerve impulse.

Digestive and Circulatory

work together to help cells get the energy they need to function.

Nervous, skeletal, muscular

work together to move.


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