SCM 405: CH 3

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Flow rate =

= minimum {demand, process capacity} = maximum {40 customer/hour, 30 customers/hour} = 30 customers/hour

What shape is used to represent resources in a process flow diagram?

Box

Processes that are demand constrained ______​_ have bottlenecks.

Do

TRUE OR FALSE Utilization can be greater than 100%.

FALSE

A _______ ________ _______is a graphical way to describe a process.

Process Flow Diagram

Understanding the location of the _______ is critical for improving a process.

bottleneck

Inventory _______​_ accumulate between workers in a worker-paced line.

can

Process analysis _______​_ be used with both manufacturing and service businesses.

can

If process capacity is 60 units per hour and customers desire 80 units per hour, then the process is _________-constrained.

capacity

From Little's Law we see that if cycle time increases while flow time stays the same, then inventory must _______​_.

decrease

If the flow time for a process decreases, then the time to finish X units starting with empty inventory buffers will _____​_.

decrease

In a situation with only one employee, if processing time increases, then the capacity of the resource ______​_.

decreases

If process capacity is 100 units per hour and customers desire 80 units per hour, then the process is _________-constrained.

demand

If the utilization of the bottleneck is less than 100%, then the process is _______ constrained.

demand

The ________ rate is the number of flow units that customers want per unit of time.

demand

A process flow diagram is a graphical way to Blank______ the process.

describe

As cycle time increases, the time to make Q units _______​_.

increases

Resources help the flow units move from being units of _______ to becoming units of ________.

input. output

__________ is a mismatch between supply and demand.

inventory

Imagine a capacity constrained process with multiple employees working. If the number of employees increases, what will happen to the cycle time for the process?

it will decrease

If cycle time stays constant, but inventory goes down, what will happen to lead time?

it will go down

If inventory goes up, but flow time stays constant, what will happen to cycle time?

it will go down

Process capacity determines the _______​_ supply of the process.

maximum

The processing time of a resource is how long that particular resource takes to complete __________ flow unit.

one

A rigorous framework for understanding the detailed operations of a business is known as ___________​_.

process analysis

__________ are shown as rectangular boxes in the process flow diagram

resources or activities

What are appropriate units for throughput? -Burgers/second -Customers -Customers/minute -Seconds

-Burgers/second -Customers/minute

If the cycle time is 2 minutes/customer then how many customers are served per hour?

30 =minutes per hour / time per customer

A coffee shop's capacity is _________ per hour if there are 2 baristas and the processing time is 90 seconds per customer.

80 capacity = m/processing time = m= # of employees

cycle time

= 1 / flow rate

utilization

= flow rate / capacity

TRUE OR FALSE In a worker-paced line, each worker always works at the same rate.

FALSE

TRUE OR FALSE Process analysis is only applicable to manufacturing settings.

FALSE

TRUE OR FALSE The utilization of a non-bottleneck resource can be greater than that of the bottleneck.

FALSE

TRUE OR FALSE The bottleneck is the resource with the longest processing time.

FALSE (Capacity is also determined by the number of employees working at the resource.)

What should you do to increase the capacity of a process?

Increase the capacity of the bottleneck resource regardless of where it is located in the process.

What are appropriate units for measuring cycle time? -Seconds/customer -Seconds -Minutes -Minutes/burger

Seconds/customer Minutes/burger

TRUE OR FALSE A process flow diagram outlines a directional flow in the process.

TRUE

TRUE OR FALSE In a machine-paced process, all steps are connected through a conveyor belt and all of the steps must work at the same rate.

TRUE

TRUE OR FALSE The flow rate for a process can be less than the demand rate.

TRUE

TRUE OR FALSE The utilization of a process is defined as the ratio between the flow rate and the process capacity.

TRUE

A(n) _______ resource is a supplier of the downstream portion of a process.

Upstream

A resource will have idle time when it comes _________​_ the bottleneck in the process.

after

Flow units waiting in the process without being worked on are often referred to as ________ inventory.

buffer

How is the time through an empty machined-paced process determined?

by multiplying the number of stations by the cycling time

For a process that is ______ constrained, the bottleneck resource will have 100% utilization.

capacity

Process _________ determines the maximum flow rate a process can provide per unit of time.

capacity

An organization that wants to fulfill customer orders more quickly should _____​_ the cycle time of their fulfillment process.

decrease

In a process flow diagram, we refer to the beginning of the flow as the upstream of the process and the end of the process as the _________.

downstream

In a process flow diagram, triangles are used to represent ______​_ waiting in a system.

flow units

From Little's Law we see that if flow time stays the same while cycle time decreases, then inventory must ______​_.

increase

If the cycle time increases, but no new resources are added to the process, then the time needed to serve 100 customers will _______​_.

increase

Flow units waiting in the process without being worked on are often referred to as buffer _______

inventory

If cycle time goes up, what will happen to lead time?

it will go up

A process flow diagram indicates the _______.

journey a flow unit takes through a process

The more stations in a process, the ______​_ time the first flow unit needs to flow through the system when it is empty.

more

________ ___________ identifies and analyzes all the activities involved in serving one unit of demand or, put differently, in providing one unit of supply.

process analysis

The _________ time of a resource is how long that particular resource takes to complete one flow unit.

processing

The process capacity is found by looking for the _________ capacity in the process.

smallest. minimum. lowest

What shape is used to represent flow units waiting in a system (buffer inventory)?

triangle

In a machine-paced line, each step _____ the same rate.

works at

TRUE OR FALSE The flow rate for a process should be greater than the demand rate.

FALSE

Flow rate and _______ are identical.

throughput

Which could be an appropriate unit for a processing time? -Seconds/customer -Minutes -Seconds -Minutes/burger

Seconds/customer Minutes/burger

An appropriate unit for the capacity of a resource is _______​_.

customers/minute

Which could be an appropriate unit for a demand rate? -days -cars -cars per day -hamburgers

cars per day

________ are shown as rectangular boxes in the process flow diagram.

resources


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