Section 2

A ________ is NOT typically used in the prehospital setting for oxygen administration. A. nasal cannula B. partial rebreather mask C. regulator D. tracheostomy mask

B

For life to be maintained, a balance of oxygen and carbon dioxide is needed. The condition when oxygen levels are low is called: A. hypotension. B. hypercarbia. C. hyperventilation D. hypoxia

D

You are ventilating a cardiac arrest patient when he begins to vomit copious amounts of large pieces of undigested food. Which of the following would be most effective in clearing the airway? A. Using a rigid pharyngeal suction tip B. Irrigating the mouth with sterile water to dilute the material before suctioning C. Using a 14 French suction catheter D. Using large bore suction tubing without a tip or catheter attached

D

A nonrebreather mask at 12 to 15 liters per minute will generally provide the patient what percentage of oxygen? A. 80-100 B. 16-21 C. 24-44 D. 90-100

A

Perhaps the simplest way to determine if a patient has a patent airway is to: A. say "hello." B. check for adequate chest rise. C. determine a respiratory rate. D. auscultate for breath sounds.

A

The jaw-thrust maneuver is the only ________ airway procedure for an unconscious patient with possible head, neck, or spine injury or unknown mechanism of injury. A. recommended B. required C. prohibited D. forbidden

A

Your patient is a motorcyclist who was ejected after striking a guard rail. The patient is unresponsive to painful stimuli and is breathing shallowly six to eight times per minute. Which of the following should you do first? A. Use a bag-valve mask with supplemental oxygen. B. Perform a rapid trauma assessment. C. Apply a cervical collar. D. Apply a nonrebreather mask with an oxygen flow rate of 15 lpm.

A

The high-pitched sound caused by an upper airway obstruction is known as: A. gurgling B. stridor. C. rhonchi D. rales

B

What is the danger that an altered mental status can pose to a patient's breathing? A. Depressed alveolar function B. Loss of muscle tone and airway collapse C. Bronchospasms D. Hyperoxia

B

Your patient is breathing 4 shallow breaths per minute due to overdosing on his pain medication but he has a palpable radial pulse. He vomited prior to your arrival and is choking. You should: A. insert an oropharyngeal airway and ventilate. B. roll him over onto his side to clear the airway. C. perform chest thrusts to clear the lungs. D. move the patient to the ambulance and suction.

B

A 16-year-old patient presents with labored breathing and increased respiratory rate, increased heart rate, and leaning forward with his hands on his knees. His skin is pink and his accurate pulse oximetry is 96. This patient is suffering from respiratory: A. failure B. hypoxia C. distress D. arrest

C

A 21-year-old patient presents with labored breathing and audible wheezes, heart rate of 124, respiration 36; he has significantly altered mentation. What is the treatment for this patient? A. Supplement the breaths with high-concentration oxygen through a nonrebreather mask. B. Use a pocket mask, which will provide adequate oxygen to improve the patient's condition. C. Ventilate with a bag-valve mask with high oxygen or FROPVD. D. Give mouth-to-mouth breathing with a nasal cannula, providing the patient with an increase of oxygen.

C

Why is inhalation described as an active process? A. It requires the diaphragm to relax and use energy to move, creating a positive pressure. B. It requires chest muscles to relax and use energy to move, creating a positive pressure. C. It requires chest muscles to contract and use energy to move, creating a negative pressure. D. It uses oxygen to assist chest muscles to contract, creating a negative pressure.

C

You are ventilating an 85-year-old male without difficulty. A nurse tells you that the patient has dentures. To ensure a good mask seal, you should: A. tape the dentures in place. B. remove the dentures. C. leave the dentures in place. D. use an infant mask over the nose.

C

Before applying a nonrebreather mask, the EMT should take what action? A. Insert a properly sized oropharyngeal airway. B. Connect the mask to a humidified oxygen source and wait for the patient's heart rate to slow. C. Make sure the oxygen supply has greater than 2,000 psi in the tank. D. Inflate the reservoir bag and make sure the bag does not deflate during inspiration.

D

On which of the following types of calls should you bring your portable suction unit to the patient's side upon arrival on the scene? A. Motor vehicle collision B. Cardiac arrest C. Seizure D. All of these

D

The trachea branches off at the ________ and forms two mainstem bronchi. A. bronchioles B. pleura C. alveoli D. carina

D

You have arrived at the scene of a call for a "man down." As you enter the residence you note that your patient is a male in his mid-60s who is awake but does not seem to acknowledge your presence. He is perspiring profusely, has cyanosis of his ears and lips, and has rapid, shallow respirations. Which of the following should you do first? A. Check for a radial pulse. B. Obtain the patient's medical history. C. Listen to his lung sounds. D. Assist ventilations with a bag-valve mask and supplemental oxygen.

D

You have performed a head tilt-chin lift maneuver on a 17-month-old boy and are attempting to ventilate him with a bag-valve mask. You are experiencing a lot of resistance with each breath and the chest is barely rising. Prior to attempting ventilations again, you should: A. finger sweep the airway. B. tilt the head back further. C. perform chest thrusts. D. ease the head forward a little.

D

Your patient is a 65-year-old male with a history of COPD. He is sitting up and complaining of a severe shortness of breath. You should: A. suction the airway with a rigid suction catheter. B. administer 4 lpm of oxygen via nasal cannula. C. insert a nasal airway and ventilate. D. apply a nonrebreather mask giving 15 lpm of oxygen.

D