Soc 101

Which describes morbidity?

Incidence of disease

High culture

Attending the symphony

. Depression

Mood disorder

Victimless

An exuberant vacationer is detained for public drunkenness.

What is the basic idea behind disengagement theory?

As people age, they generally withdraw from all forms of society.

Which social class is quickly disappearing from modern economies?

Middle Class

Medication overdoses

Physical abuse

Population composition is made up of changing fertility, mortality, and ___________ rates.

Population composition is made up of changing fertility, mortality, and ___________ rates.

Jake receives a promotion at his law firm after winning an important case. This is an example of a:

Positive formal sanction

Began immigrating in the early 20th century as needed agricultural workers

Hispanic Americans

Simmel

focused on the dynamics of two-person and three-person groups

Max believes that most people's racial beliefs are based on images conveyed in popular media since many people never meet members of certain races for themselves. Max's perspective is:

Symbolic interactionist

Karl Marx's Communist Manifesto is based on the ____ perspective.

Conflict Theory

Which is an effect of polarization in the U.S. job market?

Decrease in middle level jobs

What causes some caretakers to abuse their elderly charges?

Depression

What is the first agent of socialization?

Family

Which change could have the biggest effect on health issues in low-income countries?

Access to clean water

which statements are true of the term gender?

Based on internal perceptions Characteristics vary by culture

Resocialization

Entering the army was a completely new way of life for Kyra.

The ___________ records Jewish interpretations of the _____________ which is their sacred text.

Talmud; Torah

Travis Hirschi

Control theory

Which theories are associated with the symbolic interactionist perspective of deviance?

Control theory Labeling theory

Your best friend Sky is hoping to start a new city on an island in the Pacific. Which sociologist would you suggest she read first, before setting out?

Gideon Sjoberg

Apple computers ship their computer parts to India to be made, and station their tech support in India. This is an example of a:

Global assembly line

What seems to be the key (although not the rule) to upward social mobility?

How much education you have.

Which factor is considered when evaluating someone's standard of living?

Income Employment Class *All of the above

What might motivate a nonprofit organization to globalize?

Increasing access to healthcare

Which are among the types of leadership functions?

Instrumental Expressive

What is the importance of interpretive framework?

It leads to in-depth knowledge of a participant's social world.

How does the interpretive framework differ from the scientific method when conducting sociological research?

Its findings are more narrative.

Role strain

Ivan feels as if he is always the strong person in his relationship with Lars.

Involuntary

Jeanette fled her homeland because of the ravaging effects of a natural disaster.

Which statements are true of current urbanization patterns?

Largest urban population is in North America. Most dense urban areas are in the global South.

Which statement reflects the functionalist perspective on religion?

Religion provides regulation in social controls for norms in dress, personal conduct, and behaviors

What is Wayne's academic performance exemplifying?

Resilient student

Many people are familiar with the yin-yang symbol. From which religion does this come?

Taoism

Represent many religious practices, but are often assumed to all practice just one

Arab Americans

First came to the American West during the Gold Rush in the mid-19th century

Asian Americans

Which countries have universal health care?

Canada and Germany

Social disorganization theory

Mr. Chung feels that the school has relaxed many of its policies and has become less able to enforce the remaining rules, which results in increased deviance.

Who would be included in the U.S. unemployment statistics?

Nina finished college last spring and is still actively seeking employment. Bartholomew lost his job as a teacher nine weeks ago and is searching to replace it

Cultural capital

Students from different socioeconomic backgrounds have varying levels of knowledge and experiences that directly impact their opportunities for academic achievement.

Justin enrolls in a local community college so he can one day become an engineer. Justin is about to become a member of a:

Utilitarian organization

Aliyah has left her country of origin due to persecution. She has just arrived to the United States in hopes of receiving protection from the situation she is fleeing, claiming that if she is returned there she will be harmed. She is told she must make an official application to begin this process. Which term describes Aliyah's current situation?

Asylum-seeker

Which has three subtypes known as patrilineal, matrilineal, and ambilineal?

Unilateral descent

Who is considered by many to be the world's first sociologist?

Ibn Khaldun

#2 Conflict theory

Michael was shocked when he learned the disparity between his salary as an administrative assistant and the salary of his superior, the executive director of sales.

The term meritocracy is defined by the text as:

A bureaucracy where membership and advancement is based on proven and documented skills.

Post-industrial societies are characterized by the shift from goods to _______.

services

Pollution, like many other issues in the world, has become a global issue. What was the name of the agreement that several countries signed as a way to pledge the lessening of carbon emissions?

the Kyoto Protocol

George Herbert Mead

studied how development of the mind and self are influenced by the social process

Constitutional monarchy

Longstanding system of rulership that abides by an accepted government doctrine

Flashpoint manages a database of actors, directors, and technicians for the theatre community.

Quaternary

What sociologist pioneered the concept of "The Sick Role"?

Talcott Parsons

Which of the following is an example of structural unemployment?

Though many companies are hiring in Washington D.C., unemployment is high in Tennessee.

Dana's lives in a country which guarantees healthcare for all of its citizens. Dana lives in a country which uses:

Universal healthcare

With the recent Occupy Wall Street Movement, the people of the United States keep hearing about the top 1%. How much of the United State's wealth rests in the hands of the wealthiest top 1% of people?

1/3

The United States Government is a form of:

A bureaucracy

Which of the following best defines the term commodity?

A physical object we find, grow, or make to meet our needs and those of others.

The term value neutrality is defined by the text as:

A practice of remaining impartial, without bias or judgment during the course of a study and in publishing results.

What is the difference between a primary group and a secondary group?

A primary group is small, consisting of emotional face-to-face relationships; a secondary group is larger and impersonal.

According to Erik Erikson's theory on aging, what is the final hurdle that most people who reach old age must overcome?

Despair

Roles within the family should be distinguished based on sex in order for the family to function in a coordinated way.

Functionalism

To a conflict theorist, marriage and families are fascinating because:

Within the family are social standings and power struggles.

How do nature and nurture apply to Chris Langan's story?

Without socialization, Chris's intelligence potential may not be achieved.

The Agricultural Revolution is often referred to as "dawn of civilization" because:

Cities and towns were established, and humans had more time for leisure activities.

Which of the following is an example of convergence theory in action?

Germany rebuilt its economy after World War II, creating more job opportunities and prosperity for its citizens.

Which describes the Madrid Plan?

Global effort for social policies that address the aging

Kellan wants to shop at Express for the new school year, but because all of his friends shop at Pacific Sun, Kellan does as well. Kellan's behavior is an example of:

Conformity

The term crime can be defined as:

A behavior that violates official law and is punishable through formal sanctions

If someone who follows the teaching of Confucius mentions the word jen, they are referring to:

A teaching that everyone should be treated kindly.

Which is a description of a meritocracy?

Advancement is based on demonstrated skills.

The sole minority group which did not originally immigrate to the United States by choice

African Americans

Which is an example of secondary aging?

Aging due to poor diet

Which of the following is NOT one of Marx's four types of alienation?

Alienation from one's religion

Christine is president of her Improvisation Comedy Troupe. When making decisions about booking gigs, rehearsal spaces, and call-times, Christine leaves the troupe to decide for themselves. Christine is a(n) _____ leader.

Laissez-faire

Selective optimization with compensation theory

Lester treats aging like a process rather than an outcome, in which he retains his power to choose for himself, self-improve, and set goals.

Which are among Elisabeth Kubler-Ross's five stages of dying?

Bargaining Acceptance Denial

Subculture of aging theory

Margarita feels comfortable in the senior community she lives in, where fellow residents can relate to her cultural points of reference.

Arizona Senate Bill 1070, often referred to colloquially as the "papers, please" law, was aimed widely at those of:

Mexican descent

Degradation ceremony

Moving Ronald into an adult care facility involved the selling of his home and the belongings he would no longer need.

What have sociologists begun to realize about the nomadic lifestyle?

Nomads have a hard time bridging the gap between their traditional lifestyle and doing what is best for the land.

Demedicalization

Normalizing conditions through the attention of healthcare

Head Start Program

Preschool for students of lower socioeconomic status, which aims to overcome learning deficits

Grant's essay on the Civil War era addressed the racial superiority that the owners of slaves felt towards their slaves.

Racism

Organic solidarity

Social order based on social differences

Jenny is given a doll for 2nd birthday, while her brother, Tyrone, is given a fire truck. This is an example of gender:

Socialization

You are interested, like Durkheim, in how ordinary objects become sacred. Which theoretical approach will help you most in analyzing the data you collect?

Symbolic interactionism

What generally characterizes secondary groups?

Task-focused Time-limited Larger

Martineau

educated ordinary people about the principles of economics

latent functions

the unrecognized or unintended consequences of a social process

Obesity is rising at the fastest rate in which of the following countries?

High income

Edwin Lemert

Labeling theory

Herbert Blumer

Symbolic interactionism

Which are forms of soil pollution?

Desertification Soil erosion

Underslept teenagers are more likely to experience automobile accidents

Hypothesis

Which sociologists expounded on theories of moral development as a part of socialization and self-development?

Kohlberg Gilligan

Subculture

Dog shows

The term language can be defined as:

A symbolic system through which people communicate and through which culture is transmitted.

Totalitarian dictatorship

Absolute ruler who controls all aspects of people's lives

Heterosexism

Couples who are straight can display affection openly, while gay couples feel limited in this right.

Which groups have healthcare programs that are funded by the U.S. government?

Native Americans Low-income Americans

How many pillars are essential to the Islamic faith?

5

culture

practices, beliefs, and values of a group

Marx

predicted the collapse of capitalism

True or false: A person's sex, as determined by his or her biology, does not always correspond with his or her gender.

true

True or false: The majority of American citizens are descendents of immigrants?

true

Why has e-waste become an issue, especially in the 21st century?

E-waste not only contains harmful chemicals, but electronics become obsolete every six months or so, which means, every six months people are throwing away perfectly good electronics in order to get the newest one. This has led to an enormous increase in the amount of trash people produce.

Polygamy

E. General term for marriage to more than one person which does not specify gender or chronology.

What is particularly unique about the United States middle class?

It is broken into two subcategories: upper and lower middle class.

Which statements are true of de facto segregation in the United States?

It is not based on law. It exists in many forms today in the United States.

Alexis wants to research the 1960's feminist movement. She reads articles from the time period, watches documentaries, reads scholarly journals on the topic, and interviews influential women from the movement. What kind of research method is Alexis using?

Secondary data analysis

Thomas wants to better understand the trends in literacy rates in Baltimore city over the past 50 years using Baltimore city data. What type of research should Thomas conduct?

Secondary data analysis

Dana's essay examines the use of negative labels applied to gay people and how they shape public opinion and gay self-image.

Symbolic interactionism

Alienation is defined by the text as:

The condition in which the individual is isolated and divorced from his or her society, work, or sense of self.

Xenocentrism is:

The opposite of ethnocentrism

Which of the following best defines the concept of "The Sick Role"?

The pattern of expectations that define appropriate behavior for the sick and for those who take care of them

Democratic

The person running a political caucus

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

Anxiety disorder

Women's employment outside the agricultural sector remains under 20 percent in:

Northern Africa

According to the social construction of race school of thought, race is:

Not biologically identifiable

Supercentenariansare people who are ____ and older.

110

Gender Dysphoria is:

A condition of people whose gender at birth is contrary to the one they identify with

Why do we have two words for a big city: metropolis and megalopolis?

A metropolis is just one city while a megalopolis includes many different cities.

The term sexuality is defined by the text as:

A person's capacity for sexual feelings.

Which continent has the greatest number of impoverished nations in the world?

Africa

As industrialization began to boom, Durkheim believed people were more susceptible to anomie because:

All of the above

Which are the four stages of social movements?

Coalescence Institutionalization Decline Preliminary

Which is a reason for higher divorce rates in the American South?

Higher than typical marriage rates

Lack of sleep

Independent variable

Alienation

Isolation from society, work, or sense of self

Anticipatory socialization

John and Uta deposit a small amount from each paycheck into their child's college fund.

Which are primary factors that have contributed to a decrease in the elderly's influence, power, and prestige?

Modernization Industrialization

Charismatic

Power legitimized on the basis of a leader's exceptional personal qualities

Which two words did Émile Durkheim use to distinguish between religious objects and non-religious objects?

Sacred; profane

What is a common means of rule enforcement?

Sanction

A judge and her gavel. A cop and his gun. A lawyer and her power suit. A ____ would be most concerned with the parts these objects play in impression management.

Symbolic interactionist

Structural mobility

The economic recession prevented Amy's generation of college graduates from finding jobs that were upwardly mobile.

Sociologists have adopted the phrase, "the graying of the United States." What does this phrase mean?

The greatest part of the population is reaching the age of 65 and entering old age.

Which of the following is NOT a product of gender stereotyping?

A father buying a basketball hoop for his daughter's eighth birthday.

Polygyny is:

A man who is married to more than one woman at the same time

A cultural universal is:

A pattern or trait common to all societies.

What is the Kinsey Scale?

A six-point rating system that ranges from exclusively heterosexual to exclusively homosexual orientation

Counterculture

A survivalist cult

Opinions about sex education in the United States vary according to the issue of abstinence. Some feel sex education should be exclusively centered around abstinence, while others believe sex education should include abstinence in addition to sexual safety and responsibility measures. Still others believe sexual education should not focus on abstinence, but exclusively on sexual safety and responsibility measures. Which of the three beliefs represents the largest segment of Americans?

Abstinence plus sexual safety and responsibility measures

Social mobility

Aditi hopes someday to move from India to the United States, where she will be able to escape the limiting caste system and improve her social status.

Which of the following is not an example of underemployment?

After his wife gave birth to twins, Jerry quit his job to help raise them.

xenocentrism

After returning from a semester spent as an exchange student in Tanzania, Lee finds his fellow Canadians to be self-centered and highly privileged.

Functionalist Émile Durkheim viewed society as:

An organism in which each portion plays a vital role in keeping the organism stable and healthy

Sumaira is scared that she will not find a job in the current economy. She decides to be a business major and attend one of the top business schools in the country. Upon graduation, she is hired by a major investment banking firm in New York. Sumaira has completed:

Anticipatory socialization.

What group defines themselves through a rejection of the mainstream:

Beatniks Hepcats * All of the above Hippies

A research study of a mother who gave birth to octuplets

Case study

When thinking about gender, Jeff sees men as the dominant social group and women the subordinate group. This exploitation of the subordinate group has created social problems, such as high rates of poverty among single mothers. Which sociological perspective best fit Jeff's views?

Conflict Theory

Group C Group C feels that existing economic and social inequalities are reinforced through the exploitation of resources and the exertion of control by core nations over peripheral nations.

Conflict theorist

Which concepts are associated with the symbolic interactionist perspective on gender and sex-linked behavior?

Doing gender The social construction of sexuality

Unusual behaviors

Emotional/Psychological abuse

Susan and her brothers have coffee every Sunday to share in their week's events.

Expressive functions

President Franklin D. Roosevelt's executive order 9066, which authorized the establishment of internment camps for anyone with as little as one-eighth Japanese ancestry following Pearl Harbor, is an example of:

Expulsion

An example of slavery, according to Anti-Slavery International, is:

Factories using child labor

A study at the laundromat to interview how people deal with boredom

Field research

Absolute poverty

Guang lives without permanent shelter and spends days at a time without food.

_____ describes how any action that is repeated frequently becomes cast into a pattern.

Habitualization

Which is a social issue that many elderly females discover they are victims of?

Having their medical ailments trivialized by doctors.

Which of the following is an example of cultural relativism?

Helena putting aside her vegetarianism to eat meals with the local tribe she is studying.

Feudal

Hierarchical, exchange of protection for land use, inherited power

Which were factors that limited the size of ancient cities?

Immigration restrictions Sewage control Food supply

Whose work do conflict theorists rely on to help form their arguments surrounding social stratification?

Karl Marx

Karl Marx asserted that the means of societal change existed in the tension between:

Karl Marx asserted that the means of societal change existed in the tension between:

Which of the following is an example of an unethical sociological research practice?

Observing study participants without their consent

An average of less than 4 hours of sleep daily

Operational definition

A family is moving to a large city because of a job transfer. Their real estate agent is discouraging them from looking at homes in certain neighborhoods because the demographics of these areas are not consistent with the family's race. What is being demonstrated in the scenario?

Racial steering

According to Thomas Friedman, what are the factors that drove globalization in the second period, from 1800 to 2000?

Rail power steam power

Homophobia

Ramona experienced acts of aggression from some classmates when she came out as a lesbian.

By 2009, America had suffered several consecutive quarters of economic decline. America was in the midst of a:

Recession

Class consciousness

Recognition of one's social level

Sherry is in her mid-eighties and is moving to a nursing home. She is used to getting up at 5 o'clock each morning and making breakfast for herself. Her new roommate likes to sleep until 7 o'clock and breakfast is not served at the nursing home until 8 o'clock. What is Sherry most likely to experience through this transition?

Resocialization.

On the first day of high school, Kaitlin overhears a group of girls calling her "goth" and "emo." She soon begins to don more black clothing, dark makeup, and seek out friends who dress the same. This is an example of ______.

Role performance

At a town hall meeting in Centerville, citizens are addressing increases in crime. Certain longstanding members of the community are creating controversy by suggesting that the problems stem from a recent influx of a specific minority group. Which concept is specifically being demonstrated in the scenario?

Scapegoat theory

Janet is visiting her childhood friend in the Hamptons. Janet wears ripped jeans and Chuck Taylors to an infamous "White" party. The majority of party-goers refuse to socialize with her. Janet is experiencing a form of ____.

Social control

Agricultural

Stable settlements became towns and cities, developed tools, cultivated art

Over the past decades, the turnout of minority voters has:

Steadily increased

Alan thinks that all old people are absent-minded because his elderly neighbor is forgetful.

Stereotype

In recent decades, lobbying has become a powerful force in the political world. Lobbyists frequently meet behind closed doors with senators, lawmakers, and congressmen and women to push influential legislation through the congressional process. Which sociological perspective would be most interested in examining the lobbying movement?

Symbolic interactionism

Seeking to understand face-to-face communications which guide political decisions

Symbolic interactionism

Which theoretical perspective on global stratification does Leslie T. Chang employ in his book Factory Girls: From Village to City in Changing China?

Symbolic interactionism

Heteronormative

Ted finds that unless he informs his co-workers that his partner is male, people invariably assume it is a woman.

Which are reasons that contribute to an inaccurate public perception of crime?

Television programs with criminal content Media coverage of criminal incidents

Which describes the double standard in United States attitudes towards sex?

The belief that men have more sexual urges and permission to engage in premarital sex than women do

In which part of the family life cycle, do sociologists point to as the most stressful time for a marriage?

The birth of the first child.

Authoritarian

The coach of a football team

Which of the following best defines the term globalization?

The process of integrating governments, cultures, and financial markets through international trade into a single world market.

Adolf Hitler blaming Germany's pre-war problems on the Jewish population is an example of:

The scapegoat theory

Communist regimes, which attempt to control all aspects of citizens' lives, are examples of which form of government:

Totalitarian dictatorship

Which contribution to the ethics of sociology is Max Weber known for?

Value neutrality

When your mother-in-law fell and broke her hip at age 72, you were concerned because she is still ________________.

Young-old

Which theoretical perspective is associated with Karl Marx?

conflict theory

Comte

gave the name positivism to the scientific study of social patterns

society

geographically define group of people who interact

symbolic interactionism

perceives the role of communication in individual interactions as defining of a social world

manifest functions

the results of an anticipated social process

dynamic equilibrium

the state of stability in a healthy society which comes of all the parts working together

The four aspects of the frame assignment process include bridging, amplification, extension, and ________.

transformation

Which are examples of cultural universals?

weddings jokes personal names

In the United States, which race would be considered the dominant group?

white

Which theorist claimed that people rise to their proper level in society based solely on their belief in a meritocracy?

Émile Durkheim

Epidemiology is:

The study of the incidence, distribution, and possible control of diseases

Which statement about the distinction between sociology and psychology is true?

Sociology tends to study external influences on self-development, whereas psychology focuses on its internal influences.

Hate

An act of crime is committed against someone because of their nationality.

Which text is considered sacred to Christians of all sects?

The Bible

The term segregation is defined in the text as:

The physical separation of two groups, particularly in residence, but also in workplace and social functions.

Which are the three subcategories of the lower class?

Underclass Working poor Working class

Which was conveyed in the United States with the ratification of the 19th Amendment in 1920?

Voting rights for women

The two regions with the highest risk of social unrest are:

sub-Saharan Africa and the Middle East-North Africa region

Which is a factor used in calculating Gross Domestic Product (GDP)?

Government spending

Which of the following is an example of legitimation?

Marley's doctor diagnosing him with bronchitis

What name do Buddhists give to their four basic rules?

Noble Truths

Social change is affected by four key elements: technology, population, the environment, and __________.

social institutions

Which occurs in the postconventional stage of Kohlberg's theory of moral development?

Morality is understood in abstract terms.

Which statement describes the Thomas theorem?

An individual's subjective construction of reality determines their behavior.

Which theorist studied the power elite, and the influence they had over society?

C. Wright Mills

Self-development and sexual development are closely linked, and occur in childhood through a series of psychosexual stages.

Freud

When elderly people are considered elders and leaders of a group of people, they are functioning under a(n):

Gerontocracy

Which is an example of the functional perspective on health, illness, and medicine?

Illness carries with it both rights and responsibilities.

Which religions have texts that are partly shared with the Jewish faith?

Islam, Christianity

Exchange theory

Janice notices that growing older means an expansion in her dependence on others and an increase in her need to submit to their will.

Which describes miscegenation?

Marriage between races

Oligarchy

Power is held by a small, elite group of people

Robert Merton

Strain theory

Parents often socialize their children to:

Understand and follow the same norms that they themselves follow

Medicalization of deviance

Understanding unhealthy behavior as sickness rather than dysfunction

Which educational issue did Mills vs. Board of Education of the District of Columbia address?

Universal access

Which concept of culture is associated with anthropologist George Murdock?

cultural universals

Some sociologists have pointed out that gender roles are often determined by how a society socializes young boys and girls. Which of the following is an example of socializing a child into a gender role?

Buying Sarah a toy kitchen to play with.

Popular culture

Buying a rock music album

Which theoretical perspective asserts that education contributes manifest and latent functions?

Functionalism

Which statements describe the intersection theory of race?

It is associated with the conflict theory perspective on race and ethnicity. The experience of race is also shaped by gender, class, and sexual orientation.

Jin is a conflict theorist sociologist. Which of the following statements about Occupy Wall Street would most align with Jin's sociological perspective?

Occupy Wall Street is positive; our capitalist economy is only making social inequality grow larger.

What is one difference between a more and a folkway?

Mores may carry serious consequences if violated; folkways do not.

reification

the treatment of an abstract concept as concrete

Which are historical examples of benevolent dictators?

Anwar Sadat Napoleon Bonaparte

Max Weber, Georg Simmel, and Karl Marx were all advocates of:

Conflict theory

Which subgroup is viewed as the model minority group among Hispanic Americans?

Cuban Americans

Kurt and Mitch visit an Amish village on a class trip. "Let's see if we can round up some old radios and appliances and drop them off for them later this week. I think they'll appreciate it. They just don't understand what they're missing." Mitch rolls his eyes. Kurt's perspective is an example of _______.

Cultural imperialism

"Climate change" is a less politicized phrase that has replaced:

Global Warming

Which of the following is an example of racial steering?

Real estate agents directing white clients to look for housing in certain neighborhoods, and non-white clients to others.

Social integration

Strong ties that social groups engender

Biological determinism is:

The belief that men and women behave differently due to differences in their biology

GNI PPP, or gross national income divided by purchasing power parity, helps measure:

The standard of living in a country.

What is one reason unemployment statistics are unreliable?

The statistics include only those who are currently looking for work.

Verstehen is defined by the text as:

To understand in a deep way.

What reason has been cited for the implementation of voter identification laws?

Voter fraud

Which statement explains why Immanuel Wallerstein's classification is preferred by sociologist?

Wallerstein's classification uses neutral terms that allow his classification of nations to be less biased and appear less ethnocentric.

Which continent has the largest number of people living in poverty in the world?

asia

Which are examples of social facts?

fashions religious beliefs

A sociologist studying how religious beliefs become so deeply rooted in people that they can hate people of other religions probably is:

A conflict theorist

Legitimation

Certification by a physician that an illness is genuine

Which is an example of a cultural universal?

Classifying work by gender

Which are reasons for a recent decrease in divorce rates in the United States?

Older age when married Increased education level when married

In Robert Bullard's study, which was the primary determinant for environmental exposures in the United States?

Race

While prejudice refers to biased thinking about a group of people, discrimination refers to _______.

actions

dramaturgical analysis

the concept that individual's interactions resemble the scripts of stage performers

In an effort to control a total institution, and to create a community of sameness, inmates are forced to strip down, be searched by police officers, and given identical uniforms before entering prison. This is an example of _______.

A degradation ceremony

Émile Durkheim described mechanical solidarity as:

A form of social cohesion that comes from sharing similar work, education, and religion, as might be found in simpler societies

Ivanka Trump is the daughter of business mogul Donald Trump. Her role as heiress to the Trump fortune is an example of ______.

Ascribed status

The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) was created by:

Core nation countries

Passing on one's heritage, possessions, and wealth is:

Generally based on lineage, which is defined by one's culture and family.

Which of the following is NOT an example of a stereotype?

Isaiah cooking his girlfriend a meat-free dinner because she is a vegetarian.

Which statements are true of the dependency theory on global stratification?

It aligns with the conflict theory perspective. Core nations impede the stability of peripheral nations.

It is parent-teacher conference day at Littleton Elementary School. Jimmy's teacher is anxious to meet his parents and discuss his habit of disrupting the class. When the teacher expresses her concern that Jimmy is not being socialized properly, his dad insists that he was the same way at Jimmy's age and that disrupting the class is natural for the children in his family. Jimmy's teacher and father are arguing about which fundamental sociological theory?

Nature vs. Nurture

MTV's widely-watched TV series The Jersey Shore is an example of _____, while the obscure works of playwright Sam Shepard are an example of ______.

Popular culture; high culture

Though she has never travelled to India, Lianna believes all Indian people to be impoverished.

Prejudice

The term discrimination is defined in the text as:

Prejudiced action against a group of people

George Herbert Mead's specific path of development for individuals is as follows:

Preparatory stage, play stage, game stage, generalized other stage

Drake lives in Great Britain, where the British government owns and operates the country's health care system. This is an example of ____:

Socialized medicine

Subjective poverty

Subjective poverty Eric was amazed to see that his Vietnamese friend felt lucky to be living on $4 per day.

During what time period did economies begin to develop globally?

The Agricultural Revolution

The term institutionalization can be defined as:

The act of implanting a convention or norm into society.

Bigamy

The act of marrying while still in another marriage

Speedy Gonzalez is a popular cartoon character, but is widely considered an inappropriate stereotype. Many children are raised watching Speedy Gonzalez cartoons, unaware that such stereotypes are negative. This is a product of:

The culture of prejudice

Which is an aspect of city life that might catch a human ecologist's attention?

The decision to make sidewalks narrower so that a city road can provide on-street parking.

What is the most significant threat to the relatively high standard of living people are accustomed to in the United States?

The decline of the middle class

Ahmed has been trying to change his schedule so that he can take one more AP class his senior year in high school. He keeps running between the guidance office and the administration office to sort out the problem. Ahmed's interaction with the school's bureaucracy is an example of:

The hidden curriculum of schools

Which theories on aging are aligned with the conflict theory perspective of sociology?

Age stratification theory Exchange theory Modernization theory

Accusing people of DWE (driving while elderly) is considered a type of:

Ageism

Clifford Shaw and Henry McKay

Cultural deviance theory

What is one of the largest contributors to health problems in low-income countries?

Clean water access

What is the relationship, if any, between people who cohabitate and then get married, and those people who wait to live together after they marry?

Cohabitating, unmarried partners have a slightly higher divorce rate after they get married than those who don't cohabitate until after marriage.

Mark, whose parents are wealthy, has been socialized to believe that he can be whoever he wants to be. His best friend Matt, whose parents are blue-collar workers, has been socialized to believe that hard work and following instructions is all he needs to support himself. Which sociological paradigm does this story fit?

Conflict

Government should not intervene in the function of families, as they are private entities.

Conflict theory

Luisa feels that legalizing gay marriage is important because it gives everyone the same economic rights.

Conflict theory

Patricia Hill Collins

Conflict theory

A total institution can be defined as:

An organization in which participants live a controlled lifestyle and in which total resocialization occurs.

Which scenario describes senescence?

As he ages, Maurice makes adjustments to the changes in his body and mind, as well as his shrinking social network.

Collective conscience

Attitudes, morals, and beliefs of a society

Which of the following men coined the term positivism, and is widely considered the father of sociology?

Auguste Comte

Peter finds that he always reacts differently to correction from his father than from his mother. What might a symbolic interactionist studying families make of this situation?

Peter plays different roles with his father and mother.

A paradigm can be defined as:

Philosophical and theoretical frameworks used within a discipline to formulate theories, generalizations, and the experiments performed in support of them.

Which are descriptions of corporal punishment?

Physical discipline Spanking

Self-development occurs through the reconciliation of an individual's personal sense of the world and social reality.Self-development occurs through the reconciliation of an individual's personal sense of the world and social reality.

Piaget

Keshawn used to work for an IT company in Baltimore, but lost his job when his company decided to use workers in New Delhi instead. This is an example of:

Outsourcing

When Maria married John, she moved to John's house which was adjacent to his parent's house. Her mother-in-law was always over giving Maria advice on everything from decorating to icing cakes. Maria lives in a:

Patrilocal residence

Charles Cooley's concept of the looking-glass self hypothesizes that:

People base their images on how they think other people see them.

Horticultural

Permanent settlers, cultivated plants, created material goods

Automobile accidents

Dependent variable

Representative democracy

A federal republic where citizens elect representatives

What is the difference between a violent crime and a hate crime?

A hate crime is based on a person's race, religion, or other characteristics.

The transition from college life to work life can be quite difficult for many young adults in the United States. Which is a possible cause for this struggle?

All of the above

Davis is low on cash, but really wants an electric guitar. He offers to trade his acoustic guitar, for his friend Bill's electric guitar. Davis is engaging in:

Bartering

Symbolic interactionism

Careers are handed down within the same families because children are exposed to the social norms and values that are exhibited in their parent's occupations.

Manning Nash

Functionalism

According to Wagley and Harris, which are characteristics that distinguish minority groups?

Involuntary membership Awareness of subordination Unequal treatment

Which is an effect of absolute poverty that also contributes to its cyclical nature?

Lack of education

Marcy and her three children have been trying to scrape by ever since Marcy's husband was killed in an automobile accident. Given what you know about George Murdock's theory, what would you expect to happen to this family?

Marcy would go back to work and rely on her parents for childcare.

Alex's country was once communist, but now allows limited private ownership of companies, and lets market forces determine production and pricing decisions. What kinds of economy is Alex living in?

Market Socialist

Researchers are studying twins Kenneth and Shawn. Separated at birth, they were raised in different homes. At age 21, they met for the first time in the presence of unobtrusive observation by the researchers. The twins were shocked at their similarities in temperament and mannerisms. In the first hour of being together, they both had an instance of finishing each other's sentences. Which concept is this scenario of separately raised twins research reinforcing?

Nature

Dehydration

Neglect

Voluntary

Nicholas and his family relocated to a different country because of a job opportunity.

A study where researchers anonymously take a defensive driving course along with drivers who have received tickets

Participant observation

Schizophrenia

Personality disorder

Differential association theory

Professor LaGrego believes that a popular group of less well-behaved and lower achieving students have influenced others to deviate from the accepted social order of the school.

With which factor is standard of living closely associated?

Quality of life

Which form of authority is represented by the U.S. government?

Rational-legal authority

Which of the following is not a branch of the U.S. Criminal Justice System?

The jury

Functionalism

The motivation to seek the increased education needed for higher skilled jobs is the corresponding additional financial and social rewards they provide.

Formed the second and third great waves of immigration beginning around 1820

White Ethnic Americans

When Alexander, who is white, drives his car over the speed limit, a police officer lets him off with a warning. When Christopher, who is Hispanic, drives his car at the same speed as Alexander on the same road, the officer gives him a ticket, even though his record is clean. This is an example of:

White privilege

Malthusian A. The issues of a growing population can be resolved by the ingenuity of humans. 2. Zero Population Growth B. War, famine, and disease ultimately control human population. 3. Cornucopian C. Growing human population will contribute to a collapse of the environment. 4. Demographic transition D. Population growth is cyclic and occurs in four distinct stages.

b,c,a,d

Spencer

believed in government which allowed the forces of market to control capitalism

Conrad and Barker's framework for understanding health includes the social construction of the illness experience, the social construction of medical knowledge, and the ___________.

cultural meaning of illness

figuration

the simultaneous analysis of individual behavior and the culture that shapes it

During her first day of kindergarten, Marie does not understand how the lunch line in the cafeteria works. She hesitates and watches as the older kids pick up their trays and silverware and then get in line. She follows their lead and successfully buys herself lunch. Marie's experience in the lunchroom is an example of _____.

Socialization

Which topics are the priority of medical sociologists?

Socioeconomics of healthcare Attitudes towards health and wellness Relationship between doctor and patient

Family is a term that is difficult to define. When studying sociology it is important to remember that:

Sociologists try to keep the definition open to encompass all types of people who are emotionally close to each other.

Why do sociologists find the study of family to be so important when trying to grasp the mores and norms of a culture?

Families provide for each other as well as carry out and teach a particular culture to other members of the family.

Which statement is an example of the symbolic interactionist perspective on government's power and authority?

Government is a unique social construct created by the individual communications and symbols within a society.

Which group within the United States has been stereotyped as the model minority?

The Asian American community

Symbolic interactionism

The literal and symbolic communications that take place between individuals represent the role socialization has in the development of people and societies.

Laissez-faire

The manager of a car sales department

Emile Durkheim - Functionalism Pierre Bourdieu - Conflict theory Jeremy Iverson - Symbolic interactionism

Match the sociologists to the theoretical perspectives on education with which they are associated.

In recent years, a great compulsion to engage in frequent and risky sexual behaviors was deemed sexual addiction. This is an example of:

Medicalization of deviance

Which of the following is an example of an in-group/out-group dynamic:

Members of sorority Delta Delta Delta advise their pledges not to socialize with members of pledges of rival sorority Sigma Delta Theta.

What is the relationship between intimate partner violence (IPV) and marriage?

Men and women who are married experience less abuse, than those who are separated or cohabitating.

Which group forms the largest subgroup of Hispanic Americans?

Mexican Americans

Lance constructs unique furniture from the trunks and branches of trees.

Secondary

Kyle is collecting newspaper clippings from his grandfather about the American public's perception of World War II. This is an example of ______.

Secondary data

Which of the following does NOT constitute cyberbullying?

Sending threatening letters to someone's home

Peggy accepts a job offer as an advertising copywriter. Her boss immediately assigns her campaigns for products such as makeup and cleaning products. Peggy asks for different clients, but her boss tells her she should stick to what she and "her kind" know best. Peggy is experiencing:

Sexism

Paris has been studying the demography of the United Kingdom. The U.K. is very similar to the United States or Sweden in that it is industrialized, has relatively long life expectancy, and infant mortality is low. Which stage in the Demographic Transition Theory would the U.K. fall into?

Stage 4

Sheryl was diagnosed with bipolarity when she was a teenager. She's hesitant to tell her friends, and tries her best to hide her diagnosis from her coaches, teachers, and employers, since she's seen other people with the illness be discriminated against on account of it. Bipolarity is an example of a(n):

Stigmatized illness

Joseph and Paula are excited to welcome their child into the world. They cannot wait to pass on all their knowledge, insight, and rich culture. Just as their parents gave them guidance and showed them how to live, Joseph and Paula will continue the chain by handing down their societal values and thus, sustain the society they love so much. Which sociological paradigm does this story fit?

Structural Functionalism

Which of these subjects are linked to the historical development of sociology?

economics politics

True or False: Deviance is always considered a crime?

false

Political science teacher Mr. Jones asks his students to study how social media can influence public opinion by "following" famous activists, academics, and politicians on Twitter. While reading and exchanging each other's Tweets, some classmates became close friends. The first is an example of the project's ____ function, the second is an example of the project's _____ function.

manifest; latent

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a bureaucracy:

personality-based promotion

Which are examples of an ascribed status?

Sister Infant

Anomie

Social order characterized by weakened norms, alienation

Forced

During the conflict, Ling and her sisters were placed in an internment camp

On which area of social reform did the research of sociologists Kenneth and Mamie Clark have an impact on?

Desegregation of public schools

When Hildegard visited a Church of Christ, she realized just how similar their practices and beliefs are to her regular denomination of choice, the Episcopalian Church. These similarities probably mean that the Church Christ is:

A sect within the Christian faith.

Some believe that religion is important because it adds meaning to people's lives and provides answers to difficult questions. A sociologist following which theory would agree with this statement?

A structural functionalist

88 million people live on less than $1.00 a day. These people are said to be living in _____________.

Absolute poverty

Strain theory:

Addresses the relationship between having socially acceptable goals and having socially acceptable means to reach those goals.

The bus station had a diverse mix of people waiting for various buses.

Aggregate

Miguel is doing a research paper on New York City's Stone Wall riots of 1969. He visits the scene of the riots, interviews people who were there, reads the police reports of the event, and watches video footage. Miguel is conducting a(n) ______.

Case study

Queen Noor of Jordan is a leader of which form of government?

Constitutional monarchy

What approach is often used to understand what's defined as deviant within a society?

Constructivism

Which describes megachurches?

Christian denominations, Predominately white membership in the United States

On any given day, there is often a story about prayer in schools in the news. For decades people have disagreeing over the constitutionality of prayer in schools. This controversy is a great example of the tension between:

Church and State

A famous socialite is court-ordered to enter a rehabilitation center to eliminate her drug addiction. The socialite is about to become a member of a:

Coercive organization

Rod grew up in a family that believed lighter-skinned members of his race are superior to darker-skinned members.

Colorism

Which are the world systems approach's classifications for global stratification?

Core, peripheral, and semi-peripheral nations

Melissa has been working to develop drought-resistance seeds that require little water to grow and which produce grain. She wants to send these to arid parts of the world, where conventional grain is not easy (or even impossible) to grow to improve nutrition for the people in those countries. In sociological terms, Melissa most likely ascribes to:

Cornucopian theory

Society and culture _____.

Could not exist without each other

Which characteristics align with the symbolic interactionism perspective on culture?

Culture is manifestation of how individuals interact. Each object and action in culture carries a symbolic meaning.

Angelica visits Thailand with her family. When she wears short-shorts and tank tops while visiting a series of temples during her first week, she is met with hostility from the locals. She feels she no longer knows how to behave or interact with those outside her family. Angelica is experiencing _____.

Culture shock

cultural relativism

Dan immersed himself into the tribal culture and had begun to see life as they perceived it

#2 Functionalism

Dr. Habros is one of the most highly respected citizens in the small town of Baker, because he serves such an important function in the community.

Control theory

Dr. Pawley asserts that the latest generation of students is more generally disengaged from society, and that this is contributing to increased deviance at the school.

Meredith and Ray are new employees in the claims department at Greensleeve Insurance Company, and have begun work on the same day. At their orientation, they meet with their new manager to receive their assignments, become oriented with their work areas, and to be provided with the handbook of employee rules, policies, and procedures. Which element of the scenario is an example of social order?

Employee handbook

It was time for Oli to marry. He had finished school and was starting a job. His parents chose a bride for him whose parents had the same amount of wealth and belonged to the same class as they did. Oli and his bride will have a(n) _________ marriage.

Endogamous

Which are benefits of bureaucracies?

Enhanced efficiency Equal opportunity

Self-development occurs throughout life in eight psychosocial stages.

Erikson

A study observing and interviewing office workers about the everyday culture in their corporate environment

Ethnography

Weber's proposal of antipositivism influenced sociological researchers to ______ while examining different social worlds.

Gain a subjective understanding of human cultural norms

Which affects are associated with the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)?

Increase in unemployment Increase of international trade

The blockwatch gathers monthly to address issues of safety on their street.

Instrumental functions

Which sociologist saw political conflict as the only means of promoting positive change for the underprivileged?

Karl Marx

Modernization theory

Marvin feels socially excluded from his children and grandchildren, who are focused on their computers and cell phones, devices he does not understand how to use.

Which sociologist developed the classification system for power and authority?

Max Weber

Which statements describe a utilitarian organization?

Membership is on a contractual basis. There are tangible benefits of membership.

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, three fourths of children of divorced parents live with their mother. What impact might this have on the U.S. male population over time?

Men may be more aggressive which may lead to an increase in crime, domestic violence, etc.

Pastoral

Nomadic, domesticated animals, created goods surplus

Hunter-Gatherer

Nomadic, tribal, relied on surroundings for survival

The club had an enormous amount of influence over everyone on campus.

Reference group

The Davis-Moore Thesis states:

That the more society values a particular profession, the more the people in that profession will make.

Commodification

The buying and selling of health care

Which of the following is an example of an informal sanction?

The football team throwing a slushy in Finn's face because he tried to join the Glee club.

If we consider the concentric zone model, which is a conflict theorist's critique?v

The model fails to show the gentrification of neighborhoods as certain classes start to take over cities.

Conflict theory

The varying socialization that occurs based on class, gender, and other social characteristics perpetuates the inequality of society.

Which factors do sociologists suspect were the cause for such a high divorce rate during the 1960's?

There was an increase in women working outside of the home, and also, greater social acceptance of divorce.

Child labor and sweatshops have existed since the Industrial Revolution and even before that. Many products sold today are created in these sweatshops, even though, living in the 21st century, we like to think we are above such practices. What is one practical way we can try and stop multinational companies from using such labor?

We can be responsible consumers and research products before buying them.

Conflict theory

Wealth is concentrated within an elite class, and this is made possible through the exploitation of workers, the underemployed, and the unemployed.

A person's position in a country's social stratification is determined by:

Wealth, power, income, race, education

Three things are important for the formation and sustentation of a city. Which of the below options is NOT one of them?

Well constructed buildings

Which factors characterize nations that are top-rated in education?

Well-established standards Clear student goals

Which is an example of a positive informal sanction?

When Leo offers his seat on the bus to an elderly person, others smile and nod.

What describes socialism?

Work and wealth are shared equally among society.

Which are examples of social controls?

rewards sanctions punishments

Which skills or knowledge are important to sociologists?

understanding of public policy and program statistical analysis

Jeremy wrote an essay criticizing the college admissions process, arguing that heavy competition and limited educational resources make admission difficult for the average student. Which perspective would Jeremy's argument fall under?

Conflict Theory

Which statement describes the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis?

The constructs of the language they speak shapes how people think.

Alona is examining the impact of the 2011 Penn State scandal on student morale and school spirit by distributing number-scaled surveys in her Introduction to Sociology class. Alona is employing a _____ research method.

Quantitative

A class of third graders is told that the assistant principal will be visiting their class to confirm their teacher's reports of bad behavior. When the principal visits, the students behave perfectly. This is an example of ________.

The Hawthorne Effect

Which of the following is NOT an example of a sociological hypothesis?

The more CDs Jamilla buys, the less money she has in her bank account.

Which are examples of topics that sociologists might explore?

rodeos how cell phones affect communication

An average of _____ people in the United States fall victim to hate crimes each year?

195,000

In 2013, the number of refugees, asylum-seekers, and internally displaced people worldwide exceeded ______ people for the first time since the end of World War II.

50 million

Your grandmother is still very active and loves to get her friends together for bridge on Friday. They always talk about all those old-old people down at the senior center who like to play bingo. About how old are the old-old senior citizens to whom they are referring?

85

Polygyny

A man with more than one wife

The term interpretive framework can be defined as:

A sociological research approach that seeks in-depth understanding of a topic or subject through observation or interaction; this approach is not based on hypothesis testing.

Boomerang generation

After completing college, Nathan and many of his contemporaries found themselves returning to their parents home due to the lack of meaningful job prospects.

Which describes the theory of aging known as gerotranscendence?

Aging people go beyond the range of the more limited life views they held in younger periods.

____ societies relied on permanent tools for survival, and expanded due to innovations such as crop rotation and fertilizer.

Agricultural

Education is important to society because:

All of the above

How did the ruling of the landmark case Plessy vs. Ferguson impact education?

Allowed racial segregation in schools

1967's Supreme Court case Loving v. Virginia, a case which legally allowed interracial marriage, is an example of

Amalgamation

In 1999, Sean Fanning, John Fanning, and Sean Parker invented Napster, a global, free-of-charge, peer-to-peer music sharing program. Prior to Napster, no such program existed. The three men created _____.

An innovation

Kendra believes the U.S. government to be corrupt, and thinks that there should be no governing force to control people's lives. Kendra believes in:

Anarchy

Which descriptions are true of the convergence theory?

Associated with the industrialization of a society Results in economies more similar to each other as they develop

In the 2010 film, The Social Network, Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg was portrayed as a leader who was goal-oriented, issuing orders and assigning tasks. Which of the following leadership styles did Zuckerberg likely use?

Authoritarian

Role conflict

Carol has a hard time being both sister and authority figure when she is tasked with babysitting her younger sibling.

The survey included a pool of people born in 1997.

Category

Which descriptions are true of industrial societies?

Centered around goods production Fostered urban development

Hitler was an example of what kind of authority?

Charismatic

Which are examples of anticipatory socialization?

Children playing house

Durkheim defined ______ as the communal beliefs, morals, and attitudes of a society.

Collective conscience

Angela believes that race relations in America are poor because the white ruling class has enacted various laws and regulations to keep other racial groups from achieving equality. With which sociological perspective does Angela's view best align?

Conflict theory

Feminist theory is aligned with which theoretical perspective on gender?

Conflict theory

In recent times, scholars have been trying to sort out why the countries on the continent of Africa, as a whole, have trouble competing to today's global, capitalist economy. While an answer to this question is complex and carries with it many ambiguities, most scholars point to European colonialism as a key to understanding the current state of Africa. A sociologist studying this topic, would ascribe to which theoretical paradigm?

Conflict theory

Juan believes that battles such as the French Revolution are necessary for a country to preserve liberty, to maintain or gain land, and will ultimately lead to a more even distribution of wealth among a population. From which sociological perspective do Juan's thoughts come from?

Conflict theory

Which term associated with cultural change was coined by sociologist William F. Ogburn?

Cultural lag

Hidden curriculum

Cultural transmission and informal learning are ways that students learn nonacademic knowledge.

Which statements reflect the symbolic interactionist perspective on education?

Degrees and certificates that are associated with education have the power to communicate a person's qualifications. How a student is labeled can limit the experiences and opportunities that education can provide.

Credentialism

Degrees or certificates symbolically communicate a level of education, achievement, and qualification.

Areas that once had vast economic growth and large amounts of industry, but are now suffering from the effects of outsourcing are going through a period of:

Deindustrialization

Ally's father was sent to prison when she was 12 for the trafficking of narcotics; her brother was arrested when she was 13 for possession of methamphetamines. By the age of 18, Ally has been arrested three times for possession of marijuana. Which theory best describes Ally's experience?

Differential association theory

Edwin Sutherland

Differential association theory

How do elderly widows and widowers react to death of their significant other?

Differently: elderly widows often do not remarry while elderly widowers do

In 2008 the United States, as well as the rest of the world, felt the effects of the recession. After the collapse of the housing market, people lost their jobs and they quit spending money. Many people could not afford their mortgages anymore and their homes went into foreclosure. For many people, it was a time of __________.

Downward mobility

Strain theory

Dr. Taylor feels that opening enrollment to students on grants who do not have the background or means to achieve the high standards the school has always set forth is creating a new pattern of deviance.

In 2010, what did controversial Senate Bill 1070 propose, causing a series of protests and legal battles?

During a lawful stop, detention, or arrest, Arizona police officers may establish the immigration status of anyone they suspect may be here illegally.

Elise travels across Thailand with her friends and, to her surprise, finds the country quite unlike the United States. "I hate the food," she tells her family at home. "I hate the language, I hate the weird customs and awful music. America is clearly the best place to be." This is an example of _______.

Ethnocentrism

Intragenerational mobility

Even though they had the same opportunities as younger men, twins Adam and Aaron now have contrasting standards of living

Cate is the daughter of a Senator and the former CEO of a Fortune 500 company. Harry grew up on a farm, tilling the land for a living. They are planning a June wedding. They will have a(n)___________ marriage.

Exogamous

Which describes Rocco and his grandmother's variation on family life?

Extended family

The process of simultaneously analyzing the behavior of individuals and the society that shapes that behavior (or, the concept that the individual and society are inseparable) is referred to as:

Figuration

Which statements describe liberation theology?

Focuses on poverty and social injustice Uses religion to promote social change Began as a movement within the Roman Catholic church

Which of the following is one of the many concerns with the practice of fracking?

Fracking requires a huge amount of water.

Dr. Turner gave a lecture about the stability of marriage and the family unit, and how regulating heterosexual behavior contributes to each.

Functionalism

Which sociological perspective argues that sick people fill a societal role, and are stigmatized by society if they spend longer in that role than is appropriate?

Functionalism

Which sociological perspective would consider activism such as Occupy Wall Street and Teacher's Union rallies undesirable, because they force political change?

Functionalism

Group A Group A feels that certain countries are more adept at industrializing, incorporating technology, and creating profit, and that they shouldn't be blamed since they often bring expansion and opportunity to less industrialized nations.

Functionalist

Which sociologist studied the power elite, and wrote the book entitled Who Rules America?

G. William Domhoff

How is global stratification different from social stratification?

Global stratification examines a myriad of different types of prejudice and inequality, while social stratification covers the social class and standing of individuals.

When Wendy's sorority sisters discover that Wendy is a lesbian, they hold a secret meeting to decide if Wendy should still be allowed to pledge. A handful of the sisters vote "no." This is an example of:

Homophobia

False consciousness

Ideology, which is not in a person's own best interest

According to Kohlberg's theory of moral development, when do humans begin to think about the feelings of other people and begin to see the world through other people's eyes?

In their teenage years

Which concepts of groups are associated with sociologist William Sumner?

In- and out-groups

Qualitative sociology can be defined as:

In-depth interviews, focus groups, and/or analysis of content sources as the source of its data.

Which describes Rocco and his grandmother's variation on family life?

Incarceration Abandonment

Which are recent factors that have negatively affected voter turnout in the United States?

Inflexibility Attitudes

Which issues are among the code of ethics maintained by the American Sociological Association (ASA)?

Informed consent of participants Safety of participants

Grace works in at an advertising agency. Grace's coworkers help her complete presentations, contact clients, and assist her with research. Her coworkers are serving a(n):

Instrumental function

Which are benefits of globalization?

International awareness Increase in development

What was the significance of NAFTA?

It allowed freer trade opportunities for the United States, Canada, and Mexico.

Émile Durkheim's much lauded study of suicide is important to the field of sociology in many ways. One of the most influential impacts was:

It defined the differences between sociology and psychology

What is a dependency ratio?

It is the comparison of working people to non-working people.

Which statements are true of using the scientific method in sociological research?

It provides limitations that will focus the study. It ensures objectivity. It provides the means for reliability and validity.

What was the significance of the famous case Reynolds v. Sims?

It reaffirmed the concept that each person's vote should be counted equally.

Intergenerational mobility

Josh and Claudia worked hard as housecleaners to put their daughter through medical school, and she has now become a doctor.

____ believed that societies grew and changed as a result of the struggles of different social classes over the means of production and greatly favored ____.

Karl Marx; Communism

Which of the following is NOT an example of self-fulfilling prophecy?

Kevin sprained his ankle a month before a marathon. Though his trainer advises him not to participate, Kevin runs the marathon and places third.

In first grade, Scott is unfairly singled out by his teacher for bad behavior, partly because his older brothers had behavioral problems themselves. Throughout grade school, Scott gains a reputation as a "problem" child. Scott eventually drops out of school, thinking he was born to fail anyway. Which school of thought best fits Scott's experience?

Labeling theory

Which are descriptions of the socialization that occurs in schools?

Latent functions Hidden curriculum

From the functionalist perspective, which of the following is NOT a purpose of government?

Lobbying for domestic corporate interests

Which are primary challenges for the aging and elderly?

Loss of independence Age discrimination

Rex earned an associate's degree from his local community college and is employed as a low-level manager at a manufacturing plant. He works hard and makes enough income to afford a mainstream lifestyle, but he is unable to create significant savings. Rex's lifestyle can feel precarious to him, and he worries that a health crisis or costly car repair could seriously affect his financial well-being. To which class does Rex belong?

Lower-middle class

Which Millennium Development Goal (MDG) focuses on maternal health?

MDG 5

Exogamy

Marriage to someone of a varying class

Functionalist Émile Durkheim believed some deviance within society was:

Necessary; it challenged people's views

Which other form of government do some consider the United States to have based on the developments in wealth patterns and increased power to control elections?

Oligarchy

In order to better understand the sorority pledging process at her university for her sociology thesis, Carmen pledges with a popular sorority. This is an example of _____.

Participant observation

The value-added theory on collective behavior asserts that five conditions must be in place to make crowd behavior possible. These include structural conduciveness, structural strain, and the growth and spread of generalized belief. Which are the remaining two conditions that make crowd behavior possible?

Participating factors Mobilization for action

Rational-Legal

Power that is legitimized by rules, regulations, and laws

Breezewood Farms grows herbs to sell to local restaurants.

Primary

Roberto has just moved to a new city. He does not know anyone but he wants to find a mosque where he can practice Islam. Which theory will Roberto use, either consciously or subconsciously, to make a decision?

Rational Choice Theory

Which of the following is not a step in the scientific method?

Receive corroboration from the field

Which diseases are linked to obesity?

Respiratory diseases Diabetes

Megachurches have become popular in certain parts of the United States. Where else in the world are megachurches widely popular?

South Korea

Corporal Punishment is another way of saying:

Spanking

Besides language assimilation, which are other benchmarks used by sociologists to measure the degree of assimilation by immigrants into a new culture?

Spatial concentration Socioeconomic status Intermarriage

Baby Marla is always well dressed. She has ribbons, bows, and frills all over her dresses and even in her hair. Her mother, who is worried that people might mistake Marla for a little boy, is determined to communicate to the world that she has a baby girl. Which sociological paradigm does this story fit?

Symbolic Interactionism

In 1973, the American Psychological Association (APA) declassified homosexuality as an abnormal or deviant disorder. Which sociological perspective would be most interested in the statement the (APA) made to society?

Symbolic Interactionism

Some people may think that once you've studied one city, you've studied them all. Which is an example of why these people may be misinformed?

The banlieues, or suburbs, of Paris are the bad parts of town, almost inside-out compared to Baltimore.

Which of the following is an example of polarization?

The job market is increasing in the lowest economic levels, and is increasing in the highest economic levels.

When a number of young, gay men in New York, San Francisco and Los Angeles began dying of a mysterious disease in the early 1980's, the public began referring to the disease as "the gay cancer," stigmatizing the disease for doctors and patients. This is an example of:

The cultural meaning of illness

Solomon Asch concluded that one reason people conform to a group is because they believe:

The group is better informed than they are.

Katrina, age 5, and Sharon, age 4, love to play together while their mothers chat. Katrina has a toy iron and washing machine. She and Sharon spend hours "washing" and "ironing" her baby doll's clothes, just like they see their mothers do. Which of George Herbert Mead's stages of development are Katrina and Sharon exemplifying?

The preparatory stage

The term assimilation is defined by the text as:

The process by which a minority individual or group takes on the characteristics of the dominant culture.

What is one of the biggest challenges facing groups and organizations that try to prevent intimate partner violence (IPV)?

The victims of IPV do not report the abuse.

What is the purpose of queer theory?

To question the ways society perceives and experiences sex, gender, and sexuality.

Chase grew up wanting to wear his sister's dresses over his brother's pants and button up shirts. When Chase turns 18, he decides to begin living as woman, though he's still only sexually attracted to women. He decides he doesn't want to undergo surgery. Chase is:

Transgender

Though she was born as Lance, Laura has always identified with the female role and has recently begun dressing and appearing as a woman exclusively. Her parents encourage her to take proper time in determining if she is a candidate for surgery or hormonal therapy. Which terms describe Laura?

Transgender Gender dysphoria

Taylor works as a legal assistant. His insurance doesn't cover treatment for depression, and he spends 15% of his income each month to receive care. This is an example of

Under insurance

Karl Marx

Unequal system

Anil has noticed that infertility has been affecting many of his intergenerational friends and family. Based on this observation, Anil is writing his senior thesis on the effects that certain cities, water quality, and hormones might have on his friends. Anil will most likely approach his findings and paper using which theory?

Zero population growth theory

what are the five milestones that define adulthood by Henig?

completing school, leaving home, becoming financially independent, marrying, and having a child

What type of nations are the greatest sources of greenhouse gases?

core

Common Core

Government aptitude standards for grade level achievement in mathematics and English

Polyandry

A woman with more than one husband

Medical sociology is the systematic study of:

How humans manage issues of health and illness, disease and disorders, and health care for both the sick and the healthy

Please define C. Wright Mill's sociological imagination.

How individuals understand their own and others' pasts in relation to history and social structure.

Besides family and peer groups, which are other major agents of gender socialization?

Education Mass media

Which of the following is an example of a cultural universal?

Incest taboos

According to Durkheim, which of the following is NOT a social fact?

All of the above are social facts

In the United States, where outsourcing is almost always addressed negatively, companies still get away with outsourcing. How do they do this?

Americans want lower prices for their consumable products, and the only way for companies to deliver those low prices is to outsource the work to cheaper laborers.

Nonviolent

An angry person vandalizes a parked car.

Seeking egalitarian society through adjustments to inequalities

Conflict theory

Shane believes that the commodification of health has created a large number of problems within the United States. From which sociological perspective does this come from?

Conflict theory

What was the subject of Solomon Asch's experiments about group size and structure?

Conformity

Hope is desperate for the new designer purse that she saw while window shopping at her local mall. She knew every girl in school would covet her bag and wish to be like her. When she walked in, she whipped out her credit card, and purchased the $5,000 bag. This kind of purchasing is called:

Conspicuous consumption

What describes assembling perspective?

Convergent crowd behaviors are collective actions based on the shared interest of individual rational beings.

_____ view society as a structure with interrelated parts designed to meet the biological and social needs of individuals who make up that society.

Structural Functionalists

Quincia is studying how of the lack of comprehensive sex education is affecting a small, rural town in North Dakota. She spends two months in the town, observing and interviewing the townspeople. Quincia is conducting a(n) _____.

Ethnography

Which type of religious organization has the most influence on society?

Ecclesia

Content: Elaine, a masters student in sociology, wants to study how foreign exchange high school students experience American culture in the context of their classes and social activities at school. With permission from a local high school, she plans to openly observe and interact with 12 foreign exchange students in their their day-to-day lives on campus. What type of sociological research is Elaine conducting?

Ethnography

Age stratification theory

Grandfather feels disempowered as an older person, because he has lost access to resources and has watched his economic and political influence decline.

Which indicators are used by the population Reference Bureau (PRB) to determine and compare the economic well being of nations?

Gross National Income Purchasing Power Parity

Which number does the World Bank use to determine the status and classification of each nation?

Gross National Income per Capita

The concept "reference groups" can be defined as:

Groups to which an individual compares himself or herself.

Which factors do sociologists use to calculate global stratification?

Income Purchasing power Wealth

No one in the United States can watch the news without hearing about the struggle over Social Security. Which approach has been used in the past to avoid the program's collapse?

Increase the age at which someone can start collecting Social Security.

Which of the following contributes lower percentage of voter turnout from those who come from lower socioeconomic backgrounds?

Lower-paying jobs frequently have less flexible hours, making time to vote difficult.

Which is one reason that sociologist cite to explain why men and women are delaying marriage until their mid-to-late twenties?

Many young people place education and career higher than marriage on their list of priorities.

ethnocentrism

Marta isn't planning on returning to Rwanda, because she was disappointed to find that there were no coffee shops or internet cafes, such as the ones she frequented in the United States.

In which country is sex education required in public schools?

Sweden

Until 1973 homosexuality was considered a psychological disorder American Psychological Association. Which sociological perspective would be most concerned with why this was considered an illness, and what effect that diagnosis had on society?

Symbolic interactionist

Sociology is defined as the:

Systematic study of society and social interaction.

Asad's first grade class is diverse: there are two students from Korea, five students from South America, two students from the United States, three students from Kuwait, a student from Mexico, two students from England, and five students from western Europe. Asad's class is:

Pluralistic

Class antagonisms

Revolutions resulting from the domination of one class over another

Functionalism

Socialization has a vital function for society because it informs culture, and sustains and transmits it to new generations

Tasha believes that gender is about the division of labor in the family. In the pre-industrial era, men were the hunter-gatherers and bread-winners, and women were keepers of the home. After World War II, changes in the family structure allowed women to become breadwinners also, altering the roles of the family. From what sociological perspective do Tasha's thoughts come?

Structural Functionalism

Terrence and his family own a farm in a remote region of Chile. They farm only enough to produce enough food to feed the family, and pay their taxes. What are Terrence and his family engaging in?

Subsistence Farming

Which types of social investigation can be conducted without direct contact with the participants?

Survey Secondary data analysis Experiment

The McDonalidization of Society refers to:

The increasing presence of the fast-food business model in common social institutions.

Tyson is researching whether actors on prime-time television and hit movies negatively impact teenagers' body images. He is going undercover at a local high school to observe and participate with the students to better understand the world they live in. Tyson is conducting which research method?

Field research

Sociological researchers must share their work with others in the field. Which is another aspect of research that must be made public?

Funding sources

Which of the following is an example of nonreactive research?

Gathering data from government studies

Kevin conducted a study on whether the length of the line at a local Starbucks affected how well the customers enjoyed their coffee after receiving it. Malcolm conducted the study at his local Starbucks, and found the same results. Kevin's study had a high level of _____.

Reliability

A questionnaire given to incoming college freshman about their social expectations

Survey

Weber

attempted to understand a specific culture from an insider's viewpoint

Durkheim

examined suicide statistics and the socio-religious forces that shaped them

After weeks of protest in Zuccotti Park, NYC's "Occupy Wall Street" divided into two camps: one composed of higher income protestors, and one composed of lower-income protesters. A ______ would be most interested in the relationship and nature of day-to- day exchanges between the two groups.

Symbolic interactionist

culture shock

Meghan's first few weeks in New York city were unsettling, and she wondered if she could ever become accustomed to the noise and activity.

Which of the following is not a purpose of the American Sociological Association's code of ethics?

To ensure the financial gain of the researchers

structural functionalism

perceives society as a whole whose interrelated parts work to meet the needs of its individuals

conflict theory

perceives the competition for limited resources as the source of unequal social structure

How did Max Weber define power?

The ability to exercise one's will over others

Which disease is most likely to be stigmatized?

Psoriasis

Which statement would you find in the analysis of poverty by Neckerman and Torche?

Once poverty has entered a geographic location, it is very difficult to get rid of

Manifest functions

One of the socializing purposes of education is the teaching of conformity to laws and respect for authority.

Which has been cited as a reason for secularization?

Modernization of society

Primogeniture

A firstborn son's right of inheritance

Role-set

Brianna's job as a teacher requires her to draw on many skills.

The term xenophobia can best be defined as:

An illogical fear and even hatred of foreigners and foreign goods.

Several of Mike's neighbors have multigenerational households that include people who are considered elderly. Beverly is 65 years old, still working, and is raising her 6-year-old grandson, Derek. The Smithson family have grown children who have moved out, but they live with Mrs. Smithson's mother Ellen, who is in her late 80s. Stan is in his late 70s and lives with his 44-year-old daughter, Sheila, and her three teenage children. Eric is 69 and cares for his mother Polly, who just turned 102.

1. Beverly A A. Young-old 2. Polly C B. Middle-old 3. Stan B C. Centenarian 4. Ellen D D. Old-old

1. Durkheim A. Religion as social stratification 2. Weber B. Religion as social security 3. Marx C. Religion as social change

1.b, 2.c, 3.a

Mohit spent his days combing through garbage in Mumbai, India with his brothers and sisters. Sometimes he would find food, or something to sell for money. He never tried to overcome his lower-class status because he had seen his friends try and fail. So, he accepted his fate, and tried to live life as best he could in a closed society. Mohit is an example of someone living under:

A caste system

The term values can be defined as:

A culture's standard for discerning what's good and just in society.

When Jeanette's parents find out her twin brother, Rex, has been sexually active, they tell him to use protection. When they found out Jeanette has been sexually active, they ground her for a month. This is an example of:

A double standard

Which are characteristics of the family life course?

A fluid course Better for understanding modern families

Which of the following is NOT an example of organic solidarity?

A freelance artist creating a sculpture of Barack Obama

Please define representative democracy:

A government wherein citizens elect officials to represent their interests.

Reliability is defined by the text as:

A measure of a study's consistency that considers how likely results are to be replicated if a study is reproduced.

Elisa graduated from college with a double major and was inducted into the Phi Beta Kappa society. She was then offered a job in New York where she worked 12 hours a day and produced excellent results. Within two years she had over 100 employees working under her. Elisa's hard work was rewarded with a raise and a bonus. This form of promotion is based on the principles of:

A meritocracy

Corporate

A mortgage broker commits predatory mortgage lending by misleading his clients.

The term sexual orientation can be defined as:

A person's emotional and sexual attraction to a particular sex.

The concept anomie can be defined as:

A situation in which society no longer has the support of a firm collective consciousness.

A hypothesis can be defined as:

A testable proposition

Which of the following best defines the term patrimonialism?

A type of authority wherein military and administrative factions enforce the power of the master.

The term deviance can be defined as:

A violation of established contextual, cultural, or social norms, whether folkways, mores, or codified law.

Sandy is standing in line for Kanye West tickets. The line wraps around the block, spilling into the streets and crowding store windows. Sandy is part of a(n): Dyad

Aggregate

The term mercantilism can best be defined as:

An economic system in which there is private ownership (as opposed to state ownership) and where there is an impetus to produce profit, and thereby wealth

Which of the following is an example of a negative informal sanction?

Beatrix being booed off stage after telling an offensive joke during her comedy routine.

Which of the following is an example of role strain?

Becca returns to work after giving birth to her daughter, finding it difficult to act as mother, wife, and executive.

Bill wants to increase his herd of cattle on his farm. Right now, he his herd numbers around 100, and he has 100 acres of his farm set aside for their pasture. What would a sociologist suggest so that his farm, which feeds many in his town and county, can continue to function?

Bill should examine the carrying capacity of his lands and consider setting aside more land if he wants to increase his herd.

Which sociologist developed the phrase "power elite?"

C. Wright Mills

Which are examples of Weber's concept of rationalization?

Capitalism Mechanized work environment

Whose study described the differences in the way that boys and girls view morality?

Carol Gilligan

According to scientists, social change that has been caused through impacts to the environment puts humans at risk for a sixth extinction event. The previous five extinction events that have occurred in history can be attributed to natural disasters. How does the potential sixth extinction event differ from the previous five?

Caused by overpopulation

Around which cornerstones is the U.S. Global Climate Change Initiative (GCCI) organized?

Clean energy Sustainable landscapes Climate change adaptation

The format of the reality television program was based on the concept of survival of the fittest, and the contestants with the most personal resources were the ones most likely to advance. In addition, contestants competed in isolation from each other and were not allowed to communicate. Which theoretical perspective on culture best describes this reality television program?

Conflict theory

Rather than buying several affordable suits to work in, Daniel allots his entire clothing budget to one expensive designer suit. He feels that wearing the suit conveys a message to others about his wealth and status. What is Daniel demonstrating in the scenario?

Conspicuous consumption

Bernie Madoff, recently sentenced to 150 years in prison for creating a Ponzi scheme which caused clients to lose millions of dollars, engaged in which form of crime?

Corporate crime

Which of the following was not among the United Nations eight Millennium Development Goals set in 2000?

Decrease obesity

What assumption does the modernization theory on global stratification make?

Development is universally desired by all nations.

Marcus is a fashion designer who is inspired by clothing styles from around the globe. Each spring, he travels to a new destination for ideas and inspiration. Each summer, he releases a new line of fashions which incorporates the designs, styles, and fabrics that he observes in other cultures.

Diffusion

Social placement

Education can provide the means for students to achieve upward mobility, because degrees can contribute to financial freedom and security.

Which of the following is NOT true about old age?

Elderly people lose all appetite and drive for sex.

Students in a sociology course are given an assignment to compare and contrast the effects that globalization has had on the nations of the world. Their first step is to examine the differences in the standard of living between nations. Which factor is used to compare and contrast the standard of living of different nations?

Gross domestic product per capita

Which of the following is NOT a result of the commodification of health care?

HIV spreading across the United States at a rapid rate in the 1980's

Which of the following industries is not projected to experience growth within the United States within the next 10 years?

Farming, Fishing, and Forestry

Affirmative Action

Federal policy that gives minority students weighted priorities for admittance to colleges

If you consider the University of Virginia's National Marriage Project, what can be concluded from their study?

Finances are an important foundation for a successful marriage.

Which occupational sectors are projected to decrease in the United States?

Fishing Production

Which is a way that core nations exert control over and exploit peripheral and semi-peripheral nations?

Free trade agreements

Cedric's uncle believes that racism and discrimination have made a positive impact on society - but only in the lives of those who are members of the dominant group. Which sociological perspective is Cedric's uncle coming from?

Functionalism

Seeking consensus and order within society

Functionalism

When asked how he could belong to a private club that disallows access to people perceived as outsiders, Lawrence argues that the strength of solidarity and sense of prestige and privilege shared among the private club is strengthened by its limited membership policies. With which theoretical perspective on race and/or ethnicity are Lawrence and the members of his private club aligned?

Functionalism

Which theoretical perspective on culture asserts that institutions like government exist because of the essential role they serve?

Functionalism

Which theoretical perspective on urbanization aligns with human ecology?

Functionalism

Which are characteristics of field research?

Gathers data based on correlation Focuses on a small sample

From which two European countries did the earliest wave of White Ethnic American immigrants emigrate?

Germany Ireland

Which statement describes agnosticism?

God is not knowable

#2 Symbolic interactionism

Now that she is a lawyer, Nadia feels she has less in common with her childhood friends who are working as secretaries or are stay-at-home mothers.

Erik Erikson's theory explains:

How the actions of society help shape personalities throughout the eight basic stages of life.

Which are ways that sociologists specifically examine power and authority?

How the power and authority of government influences society How people of varying status are impacted by power and authority

Besides research and sociology field work, which are related fields that commonly employ those with degrees in sociology?

Human resources Community planning Market research

Please place the following societies in chronological order:

Hunter-gatherer; Pastoral; Horticultural; Agricultural

Which person is credited with creating the term geriatrics?

Ignatz Nascher

John wants to study whether a larger number of laptops available to students at his school lead to higher grades. Choose the independent and dependent variable.

Independent variable: Number of laptops; Dependent variable: Grades

Charlotte was born to a lower class family in rural Pennsylvania. After taking a job in the mail room of a large corporate office, Charlotte is slowly promoted through the ranks and becomes CEO of the company by the age of 50. What type of stratification is shown in this story?

Intergenerational mobility

An instrumental leader:

Is goal-oriented and largely concerned with accomplishing set tasks.

On the religious retreat, attendees were asked to reflect on their spiritual lives. They were encouraged to think of ways that religion operated for them in the context of day-to-day living, through religious experiences, beliefs, and rituals. Match the reflections of the retreat attendees to whether they represent a religious experience, a religious belief, or a religious ritual.

John feels his spirituality the most deeply when he is meditating. - Religious experience Rachel's way of evoking spirituality in her life is to reflect on the creation story. - Religious belief Li takes great solace in the act of receiving communion. - Religious ritual

Which factors are major contributors to poverty in Africa?

Lack of arable land Civil wars

What does a dependency ratio measure?

Number of nonproductive citizens to number of productive citizens

Because of few employment prospects, Harvey is a college graduate who has returned to living at home with his parents. After reading an article in the newspaper, his parents are concerned that by continuing to live with them, Harvey is not completing the milestones toward becoming an adult that their own generation were able to achieve at a much younger age. Which are among the milestones of adulthood that have been identified by Henig in the newspaper article read by Harvey's parents?

Leaving home Becoming financially independent

When Rosa and Sergei realized that the poor were being neglected in their city, they mobilized the members of their synagogue to send letters to the government asking them to fix the growing rate of poverty, or at least, fund the citizens so they might help their neighbors. This is an example of:

Liberation Theology

Homosocial

Lisa and Jeanette are such close friends that many people assume they are in a committed sexual relationship.

The U.S. Census Bureau keeps records of different statistics that pertain to families. For example, in 2010, there were three million children who did not live with their parents. 54% of these children were:

Living with their grandparent(s)

Absolute monarchy

Longstanding system of single rulership with unmitigated power

Eleanor is researching the effect social media has on worldwide political awareness and revolution. Felix is examining the effect World of Warcraft has on the romantic relationships of middle-aged men in his metro area. Eleanor's analysis is _____, while Felix's analysis is _____.

Macro-level; micro-level

Which of the following is NOT an example of a formal norm within the United States?

Making eye contact while speaking

Monogamy

Marriage to one person

Endogamy

Marriage to someone of the same class

Which sociologist is associated with the conflict theory on society?

Marx

What is the difference between an oligarchy and a monarchy?

Members of an oligarchy do not necessarily achieve their status based on ties to noble ancestry, while members of a monarchy do.

Which type of stratification system solely prioritizes personal effort ahead of other factors?

Meritocracy

What did Marx and Freud see as the downfall of religion that would lead to the secularization of society?

Modernization of society

Some conflict theorists ascribe to the idea that as time and technology move forward, elderly people are left behind and they lose social standing and power. Which specific theory does this describe?

Modernization theory

What specific type of mental disorder is represented by David's diagnosis of bipolar disorder?

Mood

Which trend has the World Bank seen in its study of poverty in low-income nations?

More women live in poverty than men.

Symbolic interactionists have come to the conclusion that:

Most people only socialize with people in their same social class.

If you work with children, why is it important to be ever vigilant for any signs of child abuse?

Most reports of child abuse come from non-relative adults who interact with the child.

Which is the most common form of child abuse?

Neglect

Relative poverty

Ngozi feels thankful that her employment feeds and clothes her family, but she must walk miles each day to work.

Anarchy

No organized government

Many Americans pay for haircuts, trips to the dentist, or transportation on the metro and bus systems. These actions support the notion of capitalism, an example of _____.

Non-material culture

Which type of organizations or institutions are also known as voluntary organizations?

Normative organizations

Which form of intergroup relations indicates the most tolerance and mutual respect?

Pluralism

Sanchita worships three different and separate gods. Her religion falls into which category?

Polytheism

Traditional

Power legitimized on the basis of long-standing customs

The United States healthcare system consists of:

Public and private insurance coverage

What describes charter schools?

Public schools that are self-governing Not subject to same rules of public schools

Dr. Shapiro asserts that all people vary in their personal experience of sexuality in relation to gender contexts.

Queer theory

Looking-glass self

Quinn chose conservative clothing to wear to the job interview.

When Michael starts high school, he joins the basketball team. He begins to look to his teammate friends for cues on how to behave at dances, in the hallways, and even in the classroom. Michael's basketball team is serving as Michael's _____.

Reference group

Which of the following is NOT true of the sociological perspective on religion?

Religion is a symbol of high culture.

Which position describes Karl Marx's view of religion and society?

Religion simply kept the Proletariat in their low social class.

What correlation between religion and society did Max Weber see and study?

Religion was very influential over the economy and the habits of workers.

No Child Left Behind

Required testing in schools, which is linked to federal educational funds the school will receive

Which statements are true of the social stratification system in American society?

Resources are distributed unevenly between the different layers of society. The stratification is a result of systematic inequalities rather than individual ones.

While visiting your dad at his nursing home, you see an elderly lady sitting at the table with a full tray of food in front of her. She is in a wheel chair and seems depressed. You conclude that she is experiencing:

Secondary aging

Unclean living areas

Self-neglect

What is the difference between sex and gender?

Sex refers to physical or physiological differences between males and females, while gender is the extent to which one identifies as being either masculine or feminine.

The teachers at Bailey Elementary School are encouraged to pass their students on to the next grade, regardless of whether or not they meet the standards to advance academically. Administrators find that this is preferable to holding students back, which results in undesirable age differentials between students of the same grade. What concept is being described in the scenario?

Social Promotion

Manny is motivated and quick to learn new skills, but his socioeconomic status prevented him from going to college. He was taught to believe in the "American Dream," but he can't help but notice that his friends who have had the opportunity to attend college and who are more socially connected have fared better than he has at finding meaningful employment, despite the fact that he is a harder worker. What is Manny lacking?

Social capital

One main issue in studying global social inequality is:

Social inequality is relative and therefore, difficult to compare across cultures.

Which is an example of an institutional agent of socialization? *Social media Correct. Social media is an institutional agent of socialization, as it shapes social norms and facilitates the learning of material and nonmaterial cultures. Peer groups Family Hidden curriculum

Social media

Mechanical solidarity

Social order rooted in shared morals

Which of the following is an example of a counterculture?

The hippie movement of the 1960's

A sociologist is studying how the population of certain countries influences and affects the population and environment of other neighboring countries. This sociologist is most likely a:

Structural functionalist

In the early 2000's, The L Word and Queer as Folk debuted on Showtime. Both shows depicted the lives of members of the LGBT (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender) community, thus giving viewers a glimpse into a ______.

Subculture

A symbolic interactionist may choose to study senior centers, and other groups of elderly people. Which theory might they find most useful for their study?

Subculture of aging theory

Which type of research method is used to compile the National Crime Victimization Report (NCVR)?

Survey

Families are a unique construction of the individual members, and their meaning is subject to change.

Symbolic interactionism

Which theoretical perspective on health and medicine is aligned with the concept of medicalization of deviance?

Symbolic interactionism

The concept of the "good father" is interpreted differently by varying cultures and in varying periods of history. Which theoretical perspective does this statement reflect?

Symbolic interactionismWhich describes

Group B Group B focuses on the everyday experiences of poverty occurring in varying nations and how it differs, understanding that it is defined by powerful cultural and social factors that are unique to each nation and community.

Symbolic interactionist

Which are factors that the underground economy operates without?

Taxes Regulations

Beth and Damien operate a wellness clinic that offers massage and acupuncture.

Tertiary

Elizabeth Kübler-Ross's book On Death and Dying added much content knowledge to which field?

Thanatology

Which historical event was greatly responsible for global stratification as we see it today?

The Industrial Revolution

The world population is growing and aging. In an effort to collectively deal with some of the challenges facing the elderly, several countries gathered at a summit. Which plan was the result of this summit?

The Madrid Plan

When Kevin backpacks across Europe after his high school graduation, he is surprised to find Burger Kings, H&Ms, and even Wal-Mart stores in the foreign cities. This is an example of:

The McDonaldization of Society

Why does the National Crime Victimization Report (NCVR) show higher rates of crime than the Uniform Crime Report (UCR)?

The NCVR reflects unreported crimes, whereas the UCR does not.

Which of the following would a social epidemiologist be likely to study:

The high cancer rates surrounding a large manufacturing plant in New Mexico

Which scenario is an example of formal norms?

The sign in the mathematics testing center reminds students: "No Calculators Allowed."

Peer groups are important to adolescents because:

They help to develop a sense of identity separate from adolescents' parents.

Watching television shows can be a good way to understand and study families because:

They teach us how a family on screen can represent the values of the era in which they aired.

Which statement describes the Davis-Moore theory?

Those who fill roles that are more functionally important receive greater rewards.

Which type of authority can take the form of patrimonialism?

Traditional

Which is an example of a movement that new social movement theory can be useful for understanding and explaining?

Transgender rights movement

Maria babysits as a form of income while she is in college. Because the amounts she gets per job are not huge, Maria never bothers to report her earnings to the IRS. Maria is a part of the _____________.

Underground economy

Status consistency

Uniformity of education, occupation, and income

Since the social classes in the United States do not have any clear boundaries, how is a sociologist supposed to determine whether their subjects are in the upper class or the upper-middle class?

Upper class is often defined as having control over one's life and the lives of people around you, while the upper-middle class is often defined as having control only over one's own life.

Which three states allow some form of physician-assisted suicide?

Washington State, Oregon, and Montana

What is one way the people of the United States, and the world, are reaching and abusing the Earth's carrying capacity?

We show little concern about contaminating water with our garbage and waste.

The term secondary deviance can be defined as:

When a person's self-concept and behavior begin to change after his or her actions are labeled as deviant by members of society.

The term doing gender can be defined as:

When people perform tasks based upon the gender assigned to them by society and, in turn, themselves.

. Symbolic interactionism A. How do forced migrations impact the displaced and the existing population in the relocation area? 2. Functionalism B. How is the issue of climate change perceived? 3. Conflict theory C. Which are the factors that result in ghettoization of urban areas?

b,a,c

Immanuel Wallerstein's classification of nations uses which set of terms?

core nation, peripheral nation, semi-peripheral nation

Neckerman and Torche divided the consequences of poverty into three major areas: sedimentation effects and entrenchment, effects on physical and mental health, and _________.

crime prevalence

Which is an example of an institutional agent of socialization?

drivers' license, textbooks, prayer rugs

Social control is:

e regulation and enforcement of norms.

Josh sits in his kitchen in the city projects trying to sip his coffee while inhaling the nauseating fumes wafting from the town dump that was relocated to within a mile of his home. He desperately wishes he could move, but he works two jobs just to make ends meet for his family. Josh lives in the poorer part of town; the part that is greatly overlooked by local government officials. What might a sociologist call this phenomenon?

environmental racism

Kendra is researching the effects of vitamin C on test-taking ability. Before the exam, Kendra gives group A orange juice, and group B water. Vitamin C is the _________ __________

independent variable

Which theoretical perspective is associated with George Herbert Mead?

symbolic interactionism

constructivism

the concept that reality is a human construct

sociological imagination

the relationship between individual behavior and its cultural influences figuration