SOC-101 Final exam

Which statement provides an accurate example of ageism?

A tech company will not hire anyone who is over the age of 45

Some statuses are chosen or accomplished, which means the statuses are voluntary in nature. Examples include High School Principle, athlete, and jobs such as assistant to the regional manager. What type of status is being described?

Achieved

Which scenario is an example of deviance? (CHOOSE ALL THAT APPLY) stealing a car Driving 20 miles over the speed limit Coming to class in a cupcake costume Burping loudly during an exam

All of these are examples of deviance

Before we enter into a new status, we may have some preparation. For example, before attending a new school, we might have an orientation, where we are taught about school norms. Or, before starting a new job, you may be shown training videos and given a manual about job duties. These are examples of

Anticipatory socialization

Prejudice

Beleifs, thoughts, feelings and attitudes towards a group

Nate lives in a country where one's social position is determined at birth, and cannot change during one's life. There are numerous laws that limit where he can attend school, work, or use public facilities. What type of stratification system does this example describe?

Caste system

People who share a characteristic, but may not all interact with one another are considered a(n)____________. Example includes race and religious identities

Category

A theorist argues that when someone with power and resources commits an act of deviance this person may be able to use their resources to avoid being harshly punished. This can result in crimes committed by wealthy and powerful to be punished less severely than those committed by people who does not have these resources. This reflects inequality, and mayb reflect an unfair balance in society which paradigm is most likely to make this argument

Conflict theory

INTRAgenerational mobility

Difference in social class within ones lifetime

INTERgenerational mobility

Different generations (in a family) belong to different social classes.

This symbolic interactionist theory suggests that deviant behavior is learned from significant others. For instance, some may engage in underage drinking and/or smoking if friends (or family) engage in these behaviors, and suggest that it's normal or not a big deal.

Differential Association Theory

True or False: Sociologists argue that we experience socialization ONLY in our childhood.

FALSE

Which of the following are examples of agents of socializations (CHOOSE ALL THAT APPLY)

Family, Peers, Education, Media, and Friends.

Miriam is arrested and fined $1,000 for reckless driving. This is an example of a ___________sanction

Formal

According to Mead, this stage that we learn complex social relationships, and society's expectations. We are able to participate in organized activities in this stage. Typically, children are around 7 years old when they enter this stage. For example, we may learn how to play on a team, and understand how our positions relates to our other teammates.

Game

Any collection of at least two people who interact with some frequency and share a sense of connection is a ______________.

Group.

Sarah likes to participate in roller derby. She calls herself a "Derby Girl" in her dating profile, and she tries to make friends with people who also like roller derby. Other people who participate in roller derby are sarah's

In-Group

Getting yelled at by ones boss is an example of a(n)_____________sanction

Informal

Marc is elected as President of his student council. he is allowed to suggest changes to the following aspects of school life: class trips, dances, festivals and special school lunches. He is not allowed to suggest changes to school curriculum, or disciplinary rules. What type of authority?

Legal-rational authority

Angela (who is 10) cried after receiving a very short haircut. she was worried that "other people" would make fun of her hair. She understood the perceptions that society in general may have about her haircut. The perspectives of society in general reflects which concept?

Nature

Martha studies why women out number men as elementary school teachers. Her research shows that society often discourages men from this career path. Which type of explanation for human behavior is this?

Nurture

These are groups where we are outsiders: we are NOT a part of these groups. They may even be groups that we feel a sense of rivalry towards, such as an opposing sports team:

Out-Group

Which is an example of a social institution? (CHOOSE ALL THAT APPLY) Politics/Government Education A group of coworkers Religion Social Club

Politics/Government, Education, Religion

Which defenition best reflects the concept of authority?

Power that other people accept.

Syd has very close friends that they rely on for support. These friends are a part of Syd's

Primary Group

After we start college, we might learn that some of our old habits and ideas with working/studying do not work well for us as they used to. We might also find that we work differently when juggling classes that take place on different days/times. Because of this, we might readjust our approach to school and work. This is very likely that we have experienced:

Resocialization

What do sociologists call the patterns of behavior that are associated with our status(es)? For example, a student is expected to write papers, attend class, and do homework. These responsibilities would be considered___________.

Roles

Sociologists use religion to help distinguish how we regard symbols, spaces, people, and experiences. There is overlap in some of the behaviors that may take place in a classroom compared to a worship service; however, members of society may not see these spaces as being similar at all. According to Durkheim, things/spaces/experiences that are associated with the extraordinary or divine are_____________while things/spaces/experiences that are considered ordinary or mundane are_______________.

Sacred; Profane.

Miriam's co-workers (with whom she does NOT have a close relationship) are an example of her

Secondary Group

The way we react to people's behavior maintains social order. Behaviors that conform to social norms may be rewarded or encouraged. Behaviors that do NOT conform to social norms may be discouraged or punished The regulation and enforcement of social norms is called:

Social Control

Systems that serve as building blocks of society, and meet the needs of society and its members:

Social Institutions

The process of learning culture and social expectations is called_________. This is the process through which we learn to be knowledgeable members of society.

Socialization

Which statement is an accurate description of sociology when it comes to the "nature versus nurture" debate?

Sociologists tend to focus on the nurture when explaining human behavior.

Which statement is accurate?

Statuses are positions someone holds in society (e.g. student, sister)

I decide to research how people's perceptions of themselves change as they get older. One of the questions that I will ask respondents is whether they "feel" their age. Their answers will tell me how their age fits into their self-image. Measuring age based on how old someone feels is considered __________ age.

Subjective

According to strain theory of deviance, socially acceptable goal/values play a role in determining deviant behavior. In class, we discussed how someone may cheat, in order to reach a goal of getting good grades. This perspective suggests that deviance might be used as a tool to reach a goal. What paradigm best fits strain theory?

Symbolic interactionism

Deviance

The violation of social norms.

In section 17.3, the textbook describes issues that sociologists may study. Which statement is correct?

There are inequalities in voter participation ( who comes out to vote in elections)

Which of the following is the main responsibility of the economy as a social institution

To exchange and management of society's resources.

In Kim's culture, one's ancestry (family tree) is only traced through the mothers side of the family This culture reflects which type of kinship system?

Unilateral

stereotypes

over simplified generalizations

Which is the best example of an aggregate?

A crowd of people attending a Mardi Gras celebration.