SOC 138 Week 1-2 Quiz

Hailey wants to control the variables in her study as much as possible. She does not want any extraneous variables to affect her results. What type of study should Hailey use?

Experimental study

Lily is counting the number of people who line up early to board an airplane. For half the trials, Lily has a flight attendant warn that they will begin boarding soon. For the other half, no warning is given. What type of experiment is Lily conducting?

Field experiment

The tendency to overemphasize the importance of personality factors and underestimate situational variables when explaining someone else's behaviors is called __________.

Fundamental attribution error

Josue wants to know which bathroom stall people are most likely to use. He asks his school's IRB if he can set up a camera in the bathroom to secretly record the users' behaviors. Why should the IRB deny Josue's request?

He is violating the participants' privacy.

In her research on social interactions, Dr. Fisher anticipates that people of the same racial background will interact more with each other than they will with people of different races. She then conducts research to test this idea. Dr. Fisher's prediction is an example of a(n) ________.

Hypothesis

The development of _________ provided a new level of advantage for gathering information from research participants at specific times, often randomly selected, throughout a given day.

Smartphones

Dr. Fikshunal is interested in how our bodies respond to being excluded from a group. Therefore, she decides to monitor the heart rate and cortisol levels of participants as they engage in their environment and indicate experiences when they felt ostracized. In this scenario, Dr. Fikshunal is:

Studying daily physiology

Imagine that researchers were interested in learning about public support for gay marriage. If the researchers analyzed Facebook posts regarding the acceptance or rejection of homosexuality (via opinions in status updates, article posts, or groups they officially like), they would be:

Studying online behavior

Mason has participants complete an online questionnaire. He then analyzes their responses for patterns. What type of study design is Mason using?

Survey research

Jessica's boss is frequently late to work. Jessica thinks her boss must be inconsiderate and careless. This is an example of __________.

The fundamental attribution error

After making observations and forming a research question, scientists should

Form a hypothesis

Complementary views for assessing and understanding a phenomenon in psychology are referred to as levels of ________, and they range from the most general to the most specific.

Analysis

Historical or publicly-available data is often used for what type of research?

Archival research

Vicenta is looking at a book at the local library when Daina brushes past her, gently pushing Vicenta backward. "Wow, she is very rude," Vicenta thinks. This is an example of social ________, which occurs when we make educated guesses about the efforts or motives of another person.

Attribution

A research ________ is a person who works with or for the researcher, and who poses as a participant or bystander. Sometimes they have instructions to behave a certain way to see how the actual participant will respond.

Confederate

What type of research design shows that two variables are related to one another, but not that one causes the other?

Correlational research design

Mathilda is being asked by a researcher to think about things that happened to her yesterday. "Start with getting up in the morning," she is told, "and try to recount what happened step by step until I ask you to stop." Mathilda is taking part in a study that utilizes the __________ method.

Day reconstruction

If a study involves deception, the experimenter should inform the participant of the true nature of the research during the

Debriefing

What is the advantage of a field study over a laboratory study?

Increased external validity

The variable that gets manipulated in an experimental study is known as the

Independent Variable (IV)

When researchers take special care to include and control for every possible variable, the study is likely to have high ___________, even though the results may not generalize to a more realistic situation.

Internal validity

John is testing the effects of exercise on mood. He defines exercise as the number of steps a person takes in a day. What did John do to the variable "exercise"?

Operationalized it

In order to study fear, a neuroscientist connects Natividad to an electroencephalograph (EEG) and then shows her a brief movie of scary animals. These include wasps, snakes, and alligators. He then observes as Natividad shows activation in her amygdala. At which level of analysis has this scientist made his observations?

Physiology

According to research which are the most stressful events in a person's life?

When they experience a loss of a relationship.

Dr. Tylka is conducting research about the risk of developing eating disorders in adolescent boys. She concludes that her findings apply not only to the sample of high school boys she studied, but to other males in other settings and contexts. In this regard, Dr. Tylka is stating that her findings have high __________ validity.

External