Society in the 1920's
Unemployment jumped from less than 3 million in 1929 to what amount by 1932? a. 5 million c. 10 million b. 7.5 million d. 12.5 million
12.5 million
Approximately what percentage of Americans were involved in the stock market at the time of the market crash of 1929? a. 4% c. 15% b. 7% d. 21%
21%
What are some of the consequences of poverty?
A decline in health caused by malnutrition, many children dropped out of school, increased stress on families, women tried to go back to work, men left their families to become 'hobos', discrimination increased.
During the 1920s, the government gave private business all of the following EXCEPT: a. A favorable tariff policy for agriculture c. profitable mail-carrying contracts b. construction loans d. indirect subsidies
A favorable tariff policy for agriculture
Who was Langston Hughes? a. A writer during the Harlem Renaissance c. A Jazz musician during the Harlem Renaissance b. One of the "Lost Generation" of writers d. A 'modern' painter during the Jazz Age
A writer during the Harlem Renaissance
Who was the first female to fly across the Atlantic ocean in 1928? a. Babe Didrikson c. Amelia Earhart b. Mary Eaton d. Norma Shearer
Amelia Earhart
Stereotypes were common in the 1920s. Which radio program showed African Americans in a derogatory way? a. The Untouchables c. Fibber Magee and Molly b. The Al Jolson theatre d. Amos 'n Andy
Amos 'n Andy
Which particular ethnic group moved in large numbers from rural to urban areas during the first two decades of the 20th century? a. Italians c. Germans b. Blacks d. Irish
Blacks
Areas of all of the following states experienced devastation during the Dust Bowl, EXCEPT which? a. California c. Nebraska b. Oklahoma d. Texas
California
During the Great Depression when farms in the Midwest and the Great Plains failed many people moved to this state in search of jobs, that were often already taken. a. Washington c. California b. Oregon d. Colorado
California
After reports of starvation and hunger in America, which African nation sent relief? a. Egypt c. South Africa b. Cameroon d. Morocco
Cameroon
____ became a national hero after flying nonstop from New York to Paris.
Charles Lindbergh
Barrio
Definition A Spanish-speaking neighborhood. Usage People coming north from Mexico and Central America to live in California settled in barrios.
installment plan
Definition A payment plan that allows customers to make payments at set intervals over a period of time until the total debt is paid. Usage Credit cards are a form of installment plan that allow the user to pay off a large sum in a series of smaller payments.
Penny Auction
Definition A penny auction was a farm auction during the Great Depression at which neighbors saved each other's property from foreclosure by bidding low. Usage During a penny auction, the bidding would start off around fifteen cents and would rarely go beyond a few dollars before the bidding stopped and the auctioneer would close the sale.
Harlem Renaissance
Definition African American artistic awakening of the 1920s, centered in Harlem. Usage During the Harlem Renaissance, black novelists, poets, painters, and playwrights began creating works rooted in their own culture instead of imitating the styles of Europeans and white Americans.
business cycle
Definition Alternating periods in which a nation's economy grows then declines. Usage The Stock Market Crash affected the business cycle because many people lost so much money they could not be active forces in the economy.
consumer economy
Definition An economy that depends on a large amount of spending by consumers. Usage From the 1920s to the present, the United States has had a consumer economy, one in which people consistently contribute significant amounts of money to the national economy.
mass media
Definition First labeled in the 1920s, mass media refers to any means of communication, including television, newspapers, movies, books and the Internet, that influence large audiences. Usage Mass media began with the advent of nationwide radio networks and mass-circulation newspapers and magazines, however mass media has existed for centuries.
Flappers
Definition Flapper is a 1920's term used to describe a new type of young woman; rebellious, energetic and bold. Usage A flapper tended to wear a short bob hairstyle, a dress which came to the knees, and long beads, which swung freely when they danced.
Lost Generation
Definition Group of American writers in the 1920s who shared the belief that they were lost in a greedy, materialistic world that lacked moral values, and who often chose to flee to Europe. Usage The "Lost Generation" was said to be disillusioned by the large number of casualties of the First World War, cynical, disdainful of the Victorian notions of morality and propriety of their elders and ambivalent about Victorian gender ideals.
Assembly Line
Definition Manufacturing process in which each worker does one specialized task in the construction of the final product. Usage A man worked in an assembly line where his task was to box up the goods.
Dow Jones Industrial Average
Definition Measure of average of stock prices of major industries. Usage Begun in 1896, the Dow Jones Industrial Average of the New York Stock Exchange measures the average stock prices of major American industries.
Black Tuesday
Definition October 29, 1929, the day on which the Great Crash of the stock market began. Usage Black Tuesday occurred on October 29, 1929, when the stock market crashed, triggering the Great Depression.
fundamentalism
Definition Set of religious beliefs including traditional Christian ideas about Jesus Christ; the belief that the Bible was inspired by God and does not contain contradictions or errors and is literally true. Usage Fundamentalism originally referred to a movement in North American Protestantism that arose in the early part of the 20th century in response to modernism.
speakeasies
Definition Speakeasies were bars (or nightclubs) that operated illegally during the time of Prohibition. Usage Speakeasies were illegal private clubs where you had to have a password to get in the door and enjoy alcohol with other patrons.
Hooverville
Definition Term used to describe a makeshift homeless shelter during the early years of the Great Depression. Usage Named for then-President Herbert Hoover, Hoovervilles were large shantytowns across the U.S.
bootleggers
Definition Term used to describe a supplier of illegal alcohol during Prohibition. Usage Rum-runners and bootleggers ran very profitable alcohol smuggling operations during the Prohibition.
Dust Bowl
Definition Term used to describe the central and Southern Great Plains in the 1930s when the region sustained a period of drought and dust storms. Usage The Dust Bowl, a series of catastrophic droughts and resulting dust storms, left over 500,000 Americans homeless.
Twenty-First Amendment
Definition The 21st Amendment was a constitutional amendment ratified in 1933 to repeal prohibition. Usage The Twenty-first Amendment to the United States Constitution ended a fourteen year experiment banning the production, distribution, sale and consumption of alcohol in America.
Jazz Age
Definition The Jazz Age is a term used to describe the 1920s. Usage American writer F. Scott Fitzgerald is largely credited with coining the term Jazz Age, which he used in his books like "Tales of the Jazz Age."
Scopes trial
Definition The Scopes Trial, also called, the "Monkey Trial", was a 1925 court case in which Clarence Darrow and William Jennings Bryan debated the issue of teaching evolution in public schools. Usage During the Scopes trial attacks on Bryan were predictably frequent and nasty.
Great Crash
Definition The collapse of the American stock market in 1929. Usage Some people regard the Great Crash as the start of the Great Depression, while other historians consider it a symptom that the Great Depression was starting.
Great Depression
Definition The most severe economic downturn in the nation's history, which lasted from 1929 to 1941. Usage The Great Depression affected not only the US, but also Europe and many other parts of the world.
Demographics
Definition The statistics that describe a population, such as data on race or income. Usage Demographics are frequently used in economic and marketing research.
Gross National Product (GNP)
Definition The sum of all goods and services produced in a nation in a year. Usage The terms Gross Domestic Product and Gross National Product are almost identical - and yet entirely different; one is concerned with the region in which income is generated and the other a measure of the accrual of income to a region.
Information about stock prices is reflected in the ____.
Dow Jones Industrial Average
Two causes of the Great Depression were tight monetary controls and under speculation in the stock market. Please select the best answer from the choices provided T F
False
One group that suffered economically during the 1920s was the a. miners. b. farmers. c. publishers. d. sports heroes.
Farmers
The center of Jazz clubs was in this section of New York City during the 1920s. a. Harlem c. Queens b. Brooklyn d. Bronx
Harlem
Literary life flourished among African Americans as part of a movement called the ____.
Harlem Renaissance
Why was President Hoover against repealing Prohibition? a. He feared people would use alcohol to escape economic woes. b. He believed that alcohol should be made legal. c. He was worried about putting bootleggers out of a job. d. He was concerned the kidnappers would kill the Lindberg baby.
He feared people would use alcohol to escape economic woes
What symbol of business in the 1920s became labor's prime enemy in the 1930s? a. Will Rogers b. Calvin Coolidge c. Henry Ford d. Babe Ruth
Henry Ford
Who introduced the idea of an assembly line in his factories?
Henry Ford
Marcus Garvey
Jamaican-born leader of movement promoting African American pride
All of the following were popular musical performers during the "Jazz Age" EXCEPT: a. James Brown c. Louis Armstrong b. Duke Ellington d. Fletcher Henderson
James Brown
____ was a Native American sports hero who won Olympic gold medals and went on to play professional football.
Jim Thorpe
All of the following were"Lost Generation" writers of the 1920s EXCEPT: a. F. Scott Fitzgerald c. John Dos Passos b. Ernest Hemingway d. John Steinbeck
John Steinbeck
Which writer satirized the narrow minded complacency and dullness of small town America, in their book Main Street? a. Hemingway c. Elliot b. Fitzgerald d. Lewis
Lewis
popular jazz trumpeter and singer
Louis Armstrong
Describe the struggle for survival which many women and children faced during the Depression?
Many women lost hope. The children were in ragged clothing and were tired and sick. For many people, life became difficult and hopeless.
Which of the following was a sign of an unsound economy during the 1920s? a. Personal debt was decreasing. b. Wages were keeping pace with production. c. More goods were being produced than consumers could buy. d. The Dow Jones Industrial Average was steady.
More goods were being produced than consumers could buy
Which of the following is NOT something people did to survive? a. The Okies moved west to California looking for work. c. Many people resorted to bartering for the goods they needed. b. Men traveled the country looking for any work they could get, even low paying jobs. d. People spent more time getting an education, hoping for better jobs.
People spent more time getting an education, hoping for better jobs
Which statement best describes the American economy in the 1920s? a. Wages decreased and the economy appeared weak. b. Unemployment was at an all-time high. c. Stock prices rose and the economy appeared healthy. d. Small businesses dominated American industry.
Stock prices rose and the economy appeared healthy
Rural people were moving to the cities during the 1920s and with the advent of the automobile many city people moved to the: a. country c. suburbs b. highrise skyscrapers d. tenements
Suburbs
Why were there less Asian immigrants during the 1920's?
The Immigration Act of 1917 establishes a literacy requirement for immigrants entering the country and halts immigration from most Asian countries.
Flappers danced the Charleston, a new dance that embodied the spirit of a. the Harlem Renaissance. b. the Jazz Age. c. the Lost Generation. d. Prohibition.
The Jazz Age
Which of the following would be considered an example of "Depression humor"? a. The construction of the Empire State building. b. The popularity of penny auctions in the midwest. c. The rising existence of hoovervilles as a mean of shelter. d. The reforms brought about by the New Deal.
The rising existence of hoovervilles as a mean of shelter
How did most investors react to a sudden fall in stock prices in 1929? a. They called in their loans. b. They pooled money to buy stock. c. They raced to sell their stocks. d. They pledged their stocks as collateral.
They raced to sell their stocks
A subtle way of pulling together during the Great depression was the humor associated with newspapers being called "Hoover blankets." Please select the best answer from the choices provided T F
True
One of the major reasons for the crash of the Stock Market in October of 1929 was the artificial nature of the stocks, many purchased with borrowed money. Please select the best answer from the choices provided T F
True
The female flapper of the 1920s was more image than reality. Please select the best answer from the choices provided T F
True
The Crash led to a. increased factory production. b. a brief period of rising profits. c. higher farm prices. d. unemployment for millions of workers.
Unemployment for millions of workers
All of the following statements are true of the Great Depression Era EXCEPT: a. People began to make jokes about the economic situation by referring to materials and communities with the name Hoover, such as Hoovervilles, which were makeshift shanty towns built by those who were deeply impacted by the Great Depression. c. The Twenty-First Amendment was passed, repealing prohibition. b. Violent upraises took place in Washington D.C. to protest the policies of the government during the Great Depression. d. When individuals were unable to pay their mortgage on farm land, neighbors would save each other's land from foreclosure by bidding very low when it was up for auction.
Violent upraises took place in Washington D.C. to protest the policies of the government during the Great Depression
In the 1920s, fundamentalists gained attention for their belief in a. the repeal of Prohibition. b. the theory of evolution. c. a literal interpretation of the Bible. d. a larger role for technology in everyday life.
a literal interpretation of the Bible
During the Depression, wage cuts and unemployment eventually affected a. mainly women. b. factory workers only. c. mainly farmers. d. all levels of society.
all levels of society
African Americans migrated north in the early 1900s mainly because of a. offers of free land. b. the climate. c. an industrial boom. d. a widespread business slowdown.
an industrial boom
Families did all of the following to survive the depression EXCEPT: a. pooled their incomes c. bought day old bread b. moved in with relatives d. attended religious services more frequently
attended religious services more frequently
In the prosperous years of the 1920s most American families lived _______. a. south of the Mason-Dixon line c. above the poverty line b. below the poverty line d. west of the Mississippi river
below the poverty line
Marcus Garvey led a movement to a. segregate African Americans in northern cities. b. build up African American self-respect and economic power. c. unionize African American workers. d. create new African American homelands in the Caribbean islands.
build up African American self-respect and economic power
In the 1920s, trolleys to the suburbs were largely replaced by a. horse-drawn carriages. b. subways. c. buses. d. taxis.
buses
In the 1920s, the status of women in the workplace a. improved greatly. b. became even worse than before the war. c. changed very little. d. was better than the status of men.
changed very little
Many farms were auctioned off when farmers a. began to irrigate crops. b. could not pay their mortgages. c. combined households to save money. d. destroyed crops to protest low prices.
could not pay their mortgages
The Federal Reserve bank weakened the economy by doing all of the following EXCEPT: a. slowed the growth of the money supply c. allowed the money supply to decline by 27 percent between 1929 and 1933 b. cut interest rates d. allowed the money supply to fall dramatically after the crash
cut interest rates
During the Depression, many African Americans a. took low-paying jobs previously held by white workers. b. experienced worsening conditions and discrimination in job and relief programs. c. returned from northern cities to the South. d. won new civil rights, such as access to education and healthcare.
experienced worsening conditions and discrimination in job and relief programs
Clubs in the Harlem district of New York City were among the hottest places to listen to a. radio. b. political speeches. c. jazz. d. poetry readings.
jazz
The rise in homelessness mainly resulted from a. increased immigration. b. high interest rates. c. a decline in housing construction. d. laid-off workers losing their homes.
laid-off workers losing their homes
Those hit hardest by the Depression were a. wealthy industrialists. b. high-paid office workers. c. low-paid laborers. d. southern landowners.
low-paid laborers
During the Depression, African Americans, Hispanics, and Asian Americans a. made great strides in equal rights legislation. b. often lost jobs to white laborers. c. were less affected than other groups. d. were encouraged to start their own businesses.
often lost jobs to white laborers
What was one cause of the race riots in Chicago in 1919? a. a Ku Klux Klan rally b. the Scopes trial c. overcrowded neighborhoods d. poor police training in riot control
overcrowded neighborhoods
The rapid development of the mass media during the 1920s a. promoted a mass migration to rural areas. b. encouraged Americans to work longer hours. c. promoted the creation of a national culture. d. simplified life for most Americans.
promoted the creation of a national culture
What did Marcus Garvey urge African Americans to do? a. return to Africa b. join the NAACP c. study fundamentalism d. take up arms against the new Klan
return to Africa
Writers James Weldon Johnson and Zora Neale Hurston took part in a movement called a. the Harlem Renaissance. b. the New Negro. c. the Great Migration. d. improvisation.
the Great Migration
What group gained some support because of the terrible conditions? a. prohibitionists b. Wall Street brokers c. the Socialist Party d. gangsters
the Socialist Party
Which group of Americans were largely left out of the prosperity of the 1920s? a. the steel workers c. the automobile workers b. the farmers d. professionals
the farmers
In Charles Lindbergh and other heroes, Americans recognized a. a hunger for fame. b. the virtues of the good old days. c. a willingness to compromise. d. the wildness of the American West.
the virtues of the good old days
One sign that the U.S. economy might be weakening in the 1920s was a. uneven distribution of national wealth. b. underproduction of consumer goods. c. an increase in personal savings. d. the collapse of large corporations.
uneven distribution of national wealth
All of the following happened to families during the Depression EXCEPT: a. women's status fell c. the divorce rate fell b. the desertion rate increased d. the number of vagrant children increased
women's status fell
As a result of the combination of the Dust Bowl and the Great Depression, many ________ experienced stressful times as banks began to foreclose many ________. a. farmers; farms c. officials; agencies b. workers; factories d. investors; businesses
workers; factories
