Sociology Chapter 1

Identify the three sociologists who played a part in the development of sociology's structural-functional approach.

Auguste Comte, Herbert Spencer, Emile Durkheim

Which pioneer sociologist founded Chicago's Hull House to assist immigrants and was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize?

Jane Addams

one of the founding sociologists, urged sociologists to understand a social setting from the point of view of the people in it.

Max Weber

Looking at the operation of U.S. schools, the social-conflict approach might lead a sociologist to conclude that:

Our society provides some students with far between schooling than others

Wright Mills claimed that the "sociological imagination" transformed

Personal problems into public issues

Is a way of understanding the world based on science.

Positivism

The "framework for building theory that sees society as an arena of inequality that generates conflicts and change" is the

Social-conflict approach

According to Auguste Comte, the type of thinking favored by people such as Thomas Edison, the inventor of the light bulb, becomes common in a society at which stage of societal development?

Theological stage

What might a sociologist say about people's selection of marriage partners?

Typically, a person marries someone of similar social position.

Which early U.S. sociologist studied the African American community and served as a founding member of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)?

W. E. B. Du Bois

Sarah is spending a summer living in another country where people have a way of life that differs from her own. A sociologist might expect that this experience would lead her to

end up with a greater understanding of both a new way of life and her own way of life.

We would expect the sociological perspective to be most likely to develop in a place that was

experiencing many social changes.

The nations of Western Europe, Israel, Japan, and Australia fall into which category of countries?

high-income nations

Sociologists cannot identify "laws of society" that allow us to precisely predict the behavior of an individual because

human behavior may be patterned, but it is also spontaneous.

Sociology provides an advantage to students preparing for later careers by preparing them for work

in teaching, criminal justice, business, and many other careers.

Using the social-conflict approach, a sociologist might highlight which of the following?

income differences among young people in high school

Building social relationships and creating tens of thousands of jobs are two of the _________ of sports.

latent functions

The symbolic-interaction approach focuses on how

people experience society

Which theoretical approach would highlight the fact that, on average, African American families have less income than white families?

race-conflict approach

By stating that the sociological perspective shows us "the strange in the familiar," the text argues that sociologists

reject the familiar idea that people simply decide how to act in favor of the initially strange idea that society shapes our lives

A simplified description unfairly applied to every person in the same category is called

stereotype

The structural-functional approach is concerned with

the consequences of social patterns for the operation of society

The basic idea of symbolic-interaction approach is that society is

the product of people interacting in everyday situations

Karl Marx, guided by the social-conflict approach, argued that the point of studying society was

to bring about greater social equality

Examples of people applying their knowledge of sociology at work include people in medicine

understanding patterns of health in a community