Sociology Chapter 3

In 1999, Sean Fanning, John Fanning, and Sean Parker invented Napster, a global, free-of-charge, peer-to-peer music sharing program. Prior to Napster, no such program existed. The three men created _____.

a. An innovation b. A discovery c. A culture lag d. A cultural universal Answer: a. An innovation

.A cultural universal is:

a. An object or a belonging of a group. b. A pattern or trait common to all societies. c. The ideas, attitudes and beliefs of a particular society. d. A written document outlining appropriate behavior. Answer: b. A pattern or trait common to all societies.

Kurt and Mitch visit an Amish village on a class trip. "Let's see if we can round up some old radios and appliances and drop them off for them later this week. I think they'll appreciate it. They just don't understand what they're missing." Mitch rolls his eyes. Kurt's perspective is an example of _______.

a. Behavioral normativity b. Cultural imperialism c. Material culture d. Ideal culture Answer: b. Cultural imperialism

The term language can be defined as:

a. Gestures, signs, objects, signals, and words that help people understand the world. b. A symbolic system through which people communicate and through which culture is transmitted. c. The exchange of gestures and signals for the purpose of reaching a consensus. d. Communication grounded in ideals, norms, and values. Answer: b. A symbolic system through which people communicate and through which culture is transmitted.

Which of the following is an example of cultural relativism? Selected Answer:

a. Ingrid becoming upset over the course language used in the Australian Outback. b. Andy marrying a woman who does not practice his religion, though his parents disprove. c. Helena putting aside her vegetarianism to eat meals with the local tribe she is studying. d. Joseph protesting the Running of the Bulls while visiting Pamplona. Answer: c. Helena putting aside her vegetarianism to eat meals with the local tribe she is studying.

Which of the following is an example of a cultural universal?

a. Putting your cell phone on silent during a Broadway production b. Holding hands with your best friend c. Incest taboos d. Marrying the partner whom your parents have chosen for you Answer: c. Incest taboos

In the late 2000's, Ugg Boots became a major fashion fixture, sported by everyone from celebrities to college students. The Ugg boots craze is an example of a _____ trend within the United States.

a. Societal b. Countercultural c. Cultural d. Counterintuitive Answer: c. Cultural

Which of the following is an example of an informal sanction?

a. The football team throwing a slushy in Finn's face because he tried to join the Glee club. b. Lilly being sent to prison because she failed to pay her taxes. c. Brett illegally downloading the new Black Keys album because he couldn't afford to buy it. d. Sarah buying Lady Gaga tickets from a scalper because the show sold out. Answer: a. The football team throwing a slushy in Finn's face because he tried to join the Glee club.

The term values can be defined as:

a. The tenets or convictions that people hold to be true. b. A culture's standard for discerning what's good and just in society. c. Scripture found within the Bible. d. Federal laws and regulations. Answer: A culture's standard for discerning what's good and just in society.

Which of the following is an example of a counterculture?

a. The yuppie craze of the 1980's b. The Kardashian obsession of the 2010's c. The hippie movement of the 1960's d. The disco invasion of the 1970's Answer:c. The hippie movement of the 1960's