Sociology Chapter 7

What is the maximum length of time a family can collect welfare based on the welfare reforms provided in the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act?

5 Years

What do sociologists call awareness of our own and others' class statuses?

Class Consciousness

What are the tastes, habits, and expectations called that children "inherit" (or learn) from their parents and that help to achieve material success in life?

Cultural Capital

Which of the following population groups are associated with higher rates of poverty in the United States? A. Working mothers B. Asian Americans C. People who live on the west coast D. Hispanics

D. Hispanics

The tendency to choose romantic partners based on similarities in background and group membership is called:

Homogamy

What do sociologists call it when an individual changes his or her career but remains within the same social class?

Horizontal Social Mobility

When we compare the salaries of the worst-paid members of a corporation with the salary of the CEO, what sort of measure of poverty are we using?

Relative Deprivations

What does Pierre Bourdieu call the tendency of social class to be passed down from one generation to the next and consequently remain relatively stable over time?

Social Reproduction

Mother Teresa was a person with tremendous power and prestige, yet she was very poor. Mother Teresa is an example of which of the following?

Status Inconsistency

What do sociologists call it when large numbers of people move up or down the social class ladder as a result of changes to society as a whole?

Structural Mobility

What sort of social mobility often results from losing a job?

Vertical

What criteria does a social class system use to stratify its members?

Wealth, property, power, and prestige

Which of the following is a form of stratification in which all positions are awarded on the basis of merit?

Meritocracy

What makes the just-world hypothesis psychologically appealing to the average person?

Most people have a strong need to believe that the world is orderly, predictable, and fair.

How do law enforcement policies make the poor less visible?

Moving the homeless out of high-profile locations