Sociology quiz questions

When you go to a foreign country, and you don't judge their food to be "weird" or "bad", but you try and appreciate their food in the same way locals do, you are practicing:

Cultural relativism

The pioneering sociologist who studied patterns of suicide in Europe was

Emile Durkheim

Who is the sociologist who developed the approach called "dramaturgical analysis"?

Erving Goffman

Critics of Erik H. Erikson's theory of personality point out that

Failing to meet the challenge of one stage may not mean failing at later challenges. Not everyone confronts stages in the exact order given be Erikson. This process may unfold differently in other times and in different cultures.

Family is important to the socialization process because

Families pass along to children social identity in terms of class, ethnicity, and religion. Parents greatly affect a child's sense of self. Family members are what Mead called "significant others".

Which of the following statements is an accurate criticism of the structural-functional approach

It ignores inequality that can generate tension and conflict.

In a country where girls are normally married off at the age of 13, and typically have children at age 14, having sex with a teenage girl is considered a violation of:

It is not a violation of any of the other options

What does it mean that "culture is a social heritage"?

It is passed down from one generation to another, It is something all humans inherit based on where they are born and It is shared

Which pioneering sociologist founded Chicago's Hull House to assist immigrants and was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize

Jane Addams

Which early sociologist claimed that his goal was not to simply understand society but to change it

Karl Marx

The sociologist who called on his colleagues to be value-free was

Max Weber

Which would be an example of a subculture?

a sorority or fraternity

Which of the following concepts refers to a social position that is assumed voluntarily and that reflects a lot of personal ability and effort?

achieved status

A more common term for nonverbal communication is

body language

Jean Piaget's focus was on

cognition, which means how people think and understand

A person who thinks that their culture is better than everyone elses', is best described as:

ethnocentric

A street sign, like a stop sign, is a universal symbol that is understood by every single person in the whole world.

false

The tragic case of Anna shows how human beings can eventually overcome the effects of severe social isolation.

false

By "taking the role of the other," Mead had in mind

imagining a situation from another person's point of view.

The social- conflict approach draws attention to

patterns of social inequality

A more common word for "superego" in Freud's model of personality would be "conscience."

true

A general standard of right or wrong, of desirability, or what is good, attractive, positive or negative, that is agreed upon with in a culture, and guides people in how they should live, is defined as:

values

Studying the meaning people attach to their everyday lives is the search for

verstehen

The term "sociology" was coined in 1838 by

Auguste Comte

Which of these products or brands are signs that there is such a thing as a "global culture"?

Coke, McDonalds, and Nike

The idea of surplus food production, and being able to produce food on a massive scale for a large number of people, is most closely associated with:

agricultural society

Critical sociology can best be described as

an activist approach

In a country where companies have developed the technology for fuel efficient cars, but have not developed roads to run those cars, this would be an example of:

cultural lag

Interpretive sociology is sociology that

focuses on he meaning people attach to behavior

In George Herbert Mead's model, which sequence correctly orders stages of developing self?

imitation, play, game, generalized other

Which of the following is the best example of a latent function of going to college

keeping young people out of the job force, which may not have jobs for them

Unrecognized and unintended consequences of the social structure are called

latent functions

The recognized and intended consequences of a social pattern are referred to as

manifest functions

Julie is a police officer who finds that wherever she goes in her small town, people seem to think of her as a cop. This is an example of which of the following concepts?

master status

The focus of Lawrence Kohlberg's research was

moral reasoning

In the United States of America, there are laws that ensure companies do not discriminate people based on their race. This is a policy reflects:

multiculturalism

A criticism of the symbolic-interaction approach is that is

overlooks the wide spread influence of culture and structural factors

When Charles Horton Cooley used the concept "looking-glass self," he was referring to the fact that

people see themselves as they think others see them

Wright mills claimed that the "sociological imagination" transformed

personal problems into public issues

Which of the following concepts refers to conflict among roles corresponding to two or more statuses?

role conflict

Which concept is used to refer to the process by which people creatively shape their world as they interact?

social construction of reality

According to Macionis, which area of the United States is the most multicultural judging by the language that people speak?

southwest

At a given time, you occupy a number of statuses. Together, these statuses form your

status set

Which research method asks subjects to respond to a series of items in a questionnaire or an interview

survey

The basic idea of the symbolic-interaction approach is that society is

the reality people construct as they interact with one another

In the process of measurement, reliability refers to

whether repeating the measurement yields consistent results

Mead considered the "generalized other" to be

widespread cultural norms and values people learn

Studies of children raised in isolation, show that

without social experience, a child is incapable of thought or meaningful action

By linking specific facts together to give us meaning, we create a

theory

Which founding sociologist emphasized the importance of understanding a social setting from the point of view of the people in it

Max Weber

In the US context, rape would be considered a violation of:

More

According to Comte, during the middle ages most people in Europe though society as

an expression of God's will

Which of the following concepts refers to a social position that is received at birth or involuntarily taken on later in life?

ascribed status

Which of the following concepts refers to a status that has very great importance for social identity, often shaping a person's entire life?

master status

The idea that it is impolite to fart in the presence of your friends is an example of:

non-material culture

The movie series "Twilight" would be an example of:

popular culture

__________ is a way of understanding the world based on a scientific approach to knowledge.

positivism

Things like the iPhone, the internet, and Wikileaks are most closely associated with:

postindustrial society

According to Erving Goffman, we engage in a __________ when we use of costumes, props, tone of voice, and gestures to convey information to others.

preformance

By stating that the sociological perspective shows us "the strange in the familiar" the text argues that sociologists

reject the familiar idea that people simply decide how to act in favor of the initially strange idea that society shapes our lives

Sociologists use which of the following concepts to refer to the behavior people expect of someone who holds a particular status?

role

What is the term for the process by which people disengage from important social roles?

role exit

What is the term for the tension among roles connected to a single status?

role strain

George Herbert Mead placed the origin of the self in

social experience

If you were to put together the lessons learned from the cases of Anna and Genie you would correctly conclude that

social experience has a crucial role in forming human personality

The process by which people act and react in relation to others is called

social interaction

Which of the following concepts refers to relatively stable patterns of social behavior

social structures

Which theoretical perspective on culture would look at classical music as an example of the elite holding on to their privilege and differentiating themselves from the masses by their cultural tastes?

social-conflict

Which of the following concepts refers to the lifelong social experience by which human beings develop their potential and learn culture?

socialization

An idea in Freud's thinking that has special importance to sociology is his assertion that

society demands that individuals become less self-centered.

Which theoretical perspective sees that culture is an outcome of a long process of evolution, and as a way that humans adapt to their environment?

sociobiology

The theoretical approach in sociology that views society as a complex system whose parts work together to promote solidarity and stability is the

structural-functional approach

Which theoretical perspective on culture is most likely to argue that prostitution is not necessarily a bad thing in society, and that it does contribute positively to certain peoples' lives?

structural-functionalist

Which theoretical perspective says that there are certain cultural practices, like eating and sexual taboos, that are characteristic of ALL cultures in the world?

structural-functionalist